Modernization and female labour force participation in Oman: spatial modelling of local variations

References

• Al Riyami, A., M. Afifi, and R. Mabry. 2004. “Women’s Autonomy, Education and Employment in Oman and Their Influence on Contraceptive Use.” Reproductive Health Matters 12 (23): 144. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(04)23113-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Lamky, A. 2007. “Feminizing Leadership in Arab Societies: The Perspectives of Omani Female Leaders.” Women in Management Review 22 (1): 49–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420710726229.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Sadi, R., R. Belwal, and R. Al-Badi. 2011. “Woman Entrepreneurship in the Al-Batinah Region of Oman: An Identification of the Barriers.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 12 (3): 58–75.
   Google Scholar
• Bailey, M. J. 2006. “More Power to the Pill: The Impact of Contraceptive Freedom on Women’s Life Cycle Labor Supply.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 121 (1): 289–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baranowska-Rataj, A., and A. Matysiak. 2016. “The Causal Effects of the Number of Children on Female Employment-do European Institutional and Gender Conditions Matter?” Journal of Labor Research 37 (3): 343–367. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-016-9231-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belwal, S., and R. Belwal. 2014. “Work-life Balance, Family-friendly Policies and Quality of Work Life Issues: Studying Employers’ Perspectives of Working Women in Oman.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 15 (1): 96–117.
   Google Scholar
• Belwal, S., R. Belwal, and F. A. Saidi. 2014. “Characteristics, Motivations, and Challenges of Women Entrepreneurs in Oman’s Al-Dhahira Region.” Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 10 (2): 135–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.2979/jmiddeastwomstud.10.2.135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blekesaune, M., and J. Quadagno. 2003. “Public Attitudes toward Welfare State PoliciesA Comparative Analysis of 24 Nations.” European Sociological Review 19 (5): 415–427. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/19.5.415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon, R. B. 1982. “Women in Agriculture: Counting the Labor Force in Developing Countries.” Population and Development Review 8 (3): 539–566. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/1972379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drobnič, S., H.-P. Blossfeld, and G. Rohwer. 1999. “Dynamics of Women’s Employment Patterns over the Family Life Course: A Comparison of the United States and Germany.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 61 (1): 133–146. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/353889.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisman, E., J. Gebelein, and T. A. Breslin. 2017. “Developing a Geographically Weighted Complex Systems Model Using Open-source Data to Highlight Locations Vulnerable to Becoming Terrorist Safe-havens.” Annals of GIS 23 (4): 251–267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2017.1368705.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelhardt, H., and A. Prskawetz. 2004. “On the Changing Correlation between Fertility and Female Employment over Space and Time.” European Journal of Population/Revue européenne de Démographie 20 (1): 35–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUJP.0000014543.95571.3b.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evertsson, M., and D. Grunow. 2012. “Women’s Work Interruptions and Career Prospects in Germany and Sweden.” International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 32 (9/10): 561–575. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/01443331211257652.
   Google Scholar
• Fernández, R. 2013. “Cultural Change as Learning: The Evolution of Female Labor Force Participation over a Century.” American Economic Review 103 (1): 472–500. doi:https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.1.472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foroutan, Y. 2008. “Women’s Employment, Religion and Multiculturalism: Socio-demographic Emphasis.” Journal of Population Research 25 (1): 63–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03031941.
   Google Scholar
• Fortin, N. M. 2005. “Gender Role Attitudes and the Labour-market Outcomes of Women across OECD Countries.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 21 (3): 416–438. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/gri024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fotheringham, A. S., C. Brunsdon, and M. Charlton. 2003. Geographically Weighted Regression: The Analysis Of Spatially Varying Relationships. England: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Gallant, M., and J. S. Pounder. 2008. “The Employment Of Female Nationals in The United Arab Emirates (Uae). Education.” Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues 1 (1): 26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/17537980810861493.
   Google Scholar
• Goldin, C. 1994. The U-shaped Female Labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History. National Bureau of Economic Research. University of Chicago Press, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Goldin, C., and L. F. Katz. 2002. “The Power of the Pill: Oral Contraceptives and Women’s Career and Marriage Decisions.” Journal of Political Economy 110 (4): 730–770. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/340778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. 1996. “The Sexual Division of Labour and Women’s Heterogeneity.” The British Journal of Sociology 47 (1): 178–188. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/591124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. 2003. “A New Approach to Explaining Fertility Patterns: Preference Theory.” Population and Development Review 29 (3): 349-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.2003.29.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haller, M., and F. Hoellinger. 1994. “Female Employment and the Change of Gender Roles: The Conflictual Relationship between Participation and Attitudes in International Comparison.” International Sociology 9 (1): 87–112. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/026858094009001006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, P. H. 2017. “Cause and Effects Of Female Labour Force Participation in Local Welfare Systems.” European Societies 19 (2): 121-37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2016.1268706.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, S. 2009. “Recent Gains and New Opportunities for Women’s Rights in the Gulf Arab States.” Women’s Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Gulf Edition 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Klasen, S., and J. Pieters. 2015. What Explains the Stagnation of Female Labor Force Participation in Urban India?. World Bank Economic review 29 (3): 449–78.
   Google Scholar
• Knofczynski, G. T., and D. Mundfrom. 2008. “Sample Sizes When Using Multiple Linear Regression for Prediction.” Educational and Psychological Measurement 68 (3): 431–442. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164407310131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kremer, M. 2007. How Welfare States Care: Culture, Gender and Parenting in Europe. The Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kupfer, J. A., and C. A. Farris. 2007. “Incorporating Spatial Non-stationarity Of Regression Coefficients into Predictive Vegetation Models.” Landscape Ecology 22 (6): 837-52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9058-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lillydahl, J. H., and L. D. Singell. 1985. “The Spatial Variation in Unemployment and Labour Force Participation Rates of Male and Female Workers.” Regional Studies 19 (5): 459–469. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09595238500185451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mammen, K., and C. Paxson. 2000. “Women’s Work and Economic Development.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14 (4): 141–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.14.4.141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandel, H., and M. Semyonov. 2006. “A Welfare State Paradox: State Interventions and Women’s Employment Opportunities in 22 Countries.” American Journal of Sociology 111 (6): 1910–1949. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/499912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansour, S. 2018. “Spatial Patterns of Female Labor Force Participation in Oman: A GIS-Based Modeling.” The Professional Geographer 70 (4): 593–608. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2018.1443480.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matysiak, A., and S. Steinmetz. 2008. “Finding Their Way? Female Employment Patterns in West Germany, East Germany, and Poland.” European Sociological Review 24 (3): 331–345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcn007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metcalfe, B. D. 2011. “Women, Empowerment and Development in Arab Gulf States: A Critical Appraisal of Governance, Culture and National Human Resource Development (HRD) Frameworks.” Human Resource Development International 14 (2): 131–148. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2011.558310.
   Google Scholar
• Meyers, M. K., J. C. Gornick, and K. E. Ross. 1999. “Public Childcare, Parental Leave, and Employment.” In: Diane Sainsbury (Hg.): Gender and Welfare State Regimes. pp. 117–146. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moghadam, V. M. 2003. Modernizing Women: Gender and Social Change in the Middle East. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Mustafa Kemal, B., and G. Naci. 2009. “Female Labor Force Participation in Urbanization Process: The Case of Turkey.”
   Google Scholar
• Özbay, F. 1994. “Women’s Labor in Rural and Urban Settings.” Boğaziçi Journal 8 (1–2): 5–19.
   Google Scholar
• NCSI. 2019. National Centre for Statistics and Information. Labour market statistics. Accessed on 21 Feb 2018. https://www.ncsi.gov.om/Pages/AllIndicators.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, R. R. 1989. Women, Work, and Divorce. New York, NY: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pfau-Effinger, B. 2017. Development of Culture, Welfare States and Women’s Employment in Europe. Oxfordshire, England: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Pfau‐Effinger, B. 1998. “Gender Cultures and the Gender Arrangement—a Theoretical Framework for Cross‐national Gender Research.” Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research 11 (2): 147–166.
   Google Scholar
• Randeree, K. 2012. “Workforce Nationalization in the Gulf Cooperation Council States.” CIRS Occasional Papers.
   Google Scholar
• Roudi-Fahimi, F., and V. M. Moghadam. 2006. “Empowering Women, Developing Society: Female Education in the Middle East and North Africa.” Al-Raida Journal, pp. 4–11. Retrieved from http://alraidajournal.com/index.php/ALRJ/article/view/221. doi:https://doi.org/10.32380/alrj.v0i0.221
   Google Scholar
• Smits, J. 1999. “Family Migration and the Labour‐force Participation of Married Women in the Netherlands, 1977–1996.” International Journal of Population Geography 5 (2): 133–150. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1220(199903/04)5:2<133::AID-IJPG135>3.0.CO;2-L.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spierings, N. 2014. “How Islam Influences Women’s Paid Non-farm Employment: Evidence from 26 Indonesian and 37 Nigerian Provinces.” Review of Religious Research 56 (3): 399–431. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13644-014-0159-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sudarshan, R. M., and S. Bhattacharya. 2009. “Through the Magnifying Glass: Women’s Work and Labour Force Participation in Urban Delhi.” Economic and Political Weekly 44 (48): 59–66.
   Google Scholar
• Tobler, W. R. 1970. A Computer Movie Simulating Urban Growth in The Detroit Region Detroit Region. Economic geography 46 (sup1): 234-40. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/143141
   Google Scholar
• van Proosdij, A. S., M. S. Sosef, J. J. Wieringa, and N. Raes. 2016. “Minimum Required Number of Specimen Records to Develop Accurate Species Distribution Models.” Ecography 39 (6): 542–552. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.01509.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verick, S. 2018. “Female Labor Force Participation and Development.” IZA World of Labor. doi:https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.87.v2.
   Google Scholar
• Ward, C., and A. Dale. 1992. “Geographical Variation in Female Labour Force Participation: An Application of Multilevel Modelling.” Regional Studies 26 (3): 243–255. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409212331346941.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler, D., and M. Tiefelsdorf. 2005. “Multicollinearity and Correlation among Local Regression Coefficients in Geographically Weighted Regression.” Journal Of Geographical Systems 7 (2): 161-87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-005-0155-6.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2012. Gender Differences in Employment and Why They Matter. World Bank World Development Report, pp. 198-253.
   Google Scholar
• Young, K. E., . 2016. Women's Labor Force Participation across The Gcc. USA: Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington.
   Google Scholar
• Zerovec, M., and M. Bontenbal. 2011. “Labor Nationalization Policies in Oman: Implications for Omani and Migrant Women Workers.” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 20 (3–4): 365–387. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/011719681102000306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar