Fraternity Chapter Masculine Norm Climates as Predictors of Social Dominance Hazing Motivations

References

• Addis, M. E., Mansfield, A. K., & Syzdek, M. R. (2010). Is “masculinity” a problem?: Framing the effects of gendered social learning in men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 11(2), 77–90. doi:10.1037/a0018602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, E. J., Kerschner, D., & Payne, J. M. (2019). College student hazing experiences, attitudes, and perceptions: Implications for prevention. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 56(1), 32–48. doi:10.1080/19496591.2018.1490303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, E. J., & Madden, M. (2008). Hazing in view: College students at risk. Initial findings from the National Study of Student Hazing. Retrieved from http://www.stophazing.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/hazing_in_view_web1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, E. (2008). Inclusive masculinity in a fraternal setting. Men and Masculinities, 10(5), 604–620. doi:10.1177/1097184X06291907
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, E., McCormack, M., & Lee, H. (2012). Male team sport hazing initiations in a culture of decreasing homohysteria. Journal of Adolescent Research, 27(4), 427–448. doi:10.1177/0743558411412957
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31(2), 101–119. doi:10.1080/0305724022014322
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biddix, J. P. (2016). Moving beyond alcohol: A review of other issues associated with fraternity membership with implications for practice and research. Journal of College Student Development, 57(7), 793–809. doi:10.1353/csd.2106.0079
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biddix, J. P., Matney, M., Norman, E., & Martin, G. (2014). The influence of fraternity and sorority involvement: A critical analysis of research (1996–2013). ASHE Higher Education Report Series, 39(6). San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass. doi:10.1002/aehe.20012
   Google Scholar
• Brenner, P. S. (2015). Narratives of response error from cognitive interviews of survey questions about normative behavior. Sociological Methods & Research, In Press, 1–25. doi:10.1177/0049124115605331
   Google Scholar
• Butler, J. (2006). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. (Original work published 1990).
   Google Scholar
• Campo, S., Poulos, G., & Sipple, J. W. (2005). Prevalence and profiling: Hazing among college students and points of intervention. American Journal of Health Behavior, 29(2), 137–149. doi:10.5993/AJHB.29.2.5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cimino, A. (2011). The evolution of hazing: Motivational mechanisms and the abuse of newcomers. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 11(3–4), 241–267. doi:10.1163/156853711X591242
   Google Scholar
• Connell, R. W. (1987). Gender and power. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19(6), 829–859. doi:10.1177/0891243205278639
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council of Ontario Universities. (2017). Common University Data Ontario. Retrieved from https://cudo.ouac.on.ca/
   Google Scholar
• DeSantis, A. D. (2007). Inside Greek U: Fraternities, sororities, and the pursuit of pleasure, power, and prestige. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
   Google Scholar
• Enders, C. K., & Tofighi, D. (2007). Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue. Psychological Methods, 12(2), 121–138. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.2.121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, F., III, & Harper, S. R. (2014). Beyond bad behaving brothers: Productive performances of masculinities among college fraternity men. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 27(6), 703–723. doi:10.1080/09518398.2014.901577
   Google Scholar
• Hoover, N. C., & Pollard, N. (1999). National survey: Initiation rites and athletics for NCAA sports teams. Alfred, NY. Retrieved from http://www.alfred.edu/sports_hazing/docs/hazing.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Iwamoto, D. K., Corbin, W., Lejuez, C., & MacPherson, L. (2014). College men and alcohol use: Positive alcohol expectancies as a mediator between distinct masculine norms and alcohol use. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15(1), 29–39. doi:10.1037/a0031594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joyce, S. B., & Nirh, J. (2018). Fraternity and sorority hazing. In C. Salinas Jr. & M. L. Boettcher (Eds.), Critical perspectives on hazing in colleges and universities: A guide to disrupting hazing culture (pp. 52–64). New York, NY: Rutledge.
   Google Scholar
• Keating, C. F., Pomerantz, J., Pommer, S. D., Ritt, S. J. H., Miller, L. M., & McCormick, J. (2005). Going to college and unpacking hazing: A functional approach to decrypting initiation practices among undergraduates. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 9(2), 104–126. doi:10.1037/1089-2699.9.2.104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimmel, M. S. (2008). Guyland: The perlious world where boys become men. Understanding the critical years between 16 and 26. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, W., & Chang, T. (2007). Asian American masculinities. In F. T. L. Leong, A. G. Inman, L. H. Yang, L. Kinoshita, & M. Fu (Eds.), Handbook of Asian American psychology (2nd ed., pp. 197–211). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Lu, A., & Wong, Y. J. (2013). Stressful experiences of masculinity among U.S.-born and immigrant Asian American men. Gender & Society, 27(3), 345–371. doi:10.1177/0891243213479446
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundahl, B. W., Kunz, C., Brownell, C., Tollefson, D., & Burke, B. L. (2010). A meta-analysis of motivational interviewing: Twenty-five years of empirical studies. Research on Social Work Practice, 20(2), 137–160. doi:10.1177/1049731509347850
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maas, C. J., & Hox, J. (2005). Sufficient sample sizes for multilevel modeling. Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1(3), 86–92. doi:10.1027/1614-1881.1.3.86
   Google Scholar
• Mahalik, J. R., Burns, S. M., & Syzdek, M. (2007). Masculinity and perceived normative health behaviors as predictors of men’s health behaviors. Social Science & Medicine, 64(11), 2201–2209. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.02.035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahalik, J. R., Locke, B. D., Ludlow, L. H., Diemer, M. A., Scott, R. P. J., Gottfried, M., & Freitas, G. (2003). Development of the conformity to masculine norms inventory. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 4(1), 3–25. doi:10.1037/1524-9220.4.1.3
   Google Scholar
• McCready, A. M. (2018). Relationships between fraternity chapter masculine norm climates and the alcohol consumption of fraternity men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity. Advanced online publication. doi:10.1037/men0000180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCreary, G., & Schutts, J. (2015). Toward a broader understanding of fraternity: Developing and validating a measure of fraternal brotherhood.Oracle: The Research Journal of the Association of Fraternity/Sorority Advisors, 10(1), 31–50.
   Google Scholar
• McCreary, G. R, & Schutts, J. (2019). Why hazing? Measuring the motivational mechanisms of newcomer induction in college fraternities. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 19(3-4), 343–365. doi:10.1163/15685373-12340063
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuwer, H. (Ed.). (2018). Hazing: Destroying young lives. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Paccagnella, O. (2006). Centering or not centering in multilevel models? The role of the group mean and the assessment of group effects. Evaluation Review, 30(1), 66–85. doi:10.1177/0193841X05275649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parent, M. C., & Moradi, B. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis of the conformity to masculine norms inventory and the development of the conformity to masculine norms inventory-46. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 10(3), 175–189. doi:10.1037/a0015481
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parks, G. S., Jones, S. E., Ray, R., Hughey, M. W., & Cox, J. M. (2015). White boys drink, black girls yell … : A racialized and gendered analysis of violent hazing and the law. Journal of Gender, Race & Justice, 18, 93–158.
   Google Scholar
• Raudenbush, S. W., & Bryk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Salinas, C., Jr., & Boettcher, M. L. (2018). History and defintion of hazing. In C. Salinas Jr. & M. L. Boettcher (Eds.), Critical perspectives on hazing in colleges and universities: A guide to disrupting hazing culture (pp. 3–13). New York, NY: Rutledge.
   Google Scholar
• Sanday, P. R. (2007). Fraternity gang rape: Sex, brotherhood, and privilege on campus (2nd ed.). New York: New York University Press. (Original work published 1990).
   Google Scholar
• Schaeffer, N. C., & Presser, S. (2003). The science of asking questions. Annual Review of Sociology, 29(1), 65–88. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.29.110702.110112
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seabrook, R. C., Ward, L. M., & Giaccardi, S. (2018). Why is fraternity membership associated with sexual norms, pressure to uphold masculinity, and objectification of women. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 18(1), 3–18. doi:10.1037/men0000076
   Google Scholar
• Sweet, S. (1999). Understanding fraternity hazing: Insights from symbolic interactionist theory. Journal of College Student Development, 40(4), 355–364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syrett, N. L. (2009). The company he keeps: A history of white college fraternities. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Services, National Center for Education Statistics. (2017). Integrated postsecondary education data system. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/datacenter/DataFiles.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Universities Canada. (n.d.). Enrollment by university: 2016 full-time and part-time fall enrolment at Canadian universities. Retrieved from http://www.univcan.ca/universities/facts-and-stats/enrolment-by-university/
   Google Scholar
• Vandello, J. A., & Bosson, J. K. (2013). Hard won and easily lost: A review and synthesis of theory and research on precarious manhood. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 14(2), 101–113. doi:10.1037/a0029826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Véliz-Calderón, D., & Allan, E. J. (2017). Defining hazing: Gender differences. Oracle: the Research Journal of the Association of Fraternity/Sorority Advisors, 12(2), 12–25.
   Google Scholar
• Worthen, M. G. F. (2014). Blaming the jocks and the Greeks? Exploring collegiate athletes’ and fraternity/sorority members’ attitudes toward LGBT individuals. Journal of College Student Development, 55(2), 168–195. doi:10.1353/csd.2014.0020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar