The Effect of Serving as a Resident Assistant on Undergraduates’ Prosocial Behaviors

References

• Association of American Colleges & Universities & National Leadership Council. (2007). College learning for the new global century: A report from the National Leadership Council for Liberal Education & America’s Promise.
   Google Scholar
• Astin, A. W. (1993). What matters in college: Four critical years revisited. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Astin, A. W., & Astin, H. S. (2000). Leadership reconsidered: Engaging higher education in social change. W. K. Kellogg Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Austin, P. C. (2011). An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(2), 399–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2011.568786
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Basto, M., & Pereira, J. M. (2012). An SPSS R-Menu for ordinal factor analysis. Journal of Statistical Software, 46(4), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v046.i04
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin, M., & Davis, L. (2016). “What haven’t I learned?” Learning resulting from the resident advisor role. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(3), 12–24.
   Google Scholar
• Boone, K. B. (2018). Resident assistant workplace motivation. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 44(2), 28–42.
   Google Scholar
• Boone, K. B., Bauman, M., & Davidson, D. L. (2016). The evolution and increasing complexity of the resident assistant role in the United States from Colonial to modern times. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(3), 38–51.
   Google Scholar
• Boyte, H., & Hollander, E. (1999). Wingspread declaration on renewing the civic mission of the American research university. Campus Compact.
   Google Scholar
• Carlo, G., McGinley, M., Hayes, R. C., & Martinez, M. M. (2011). Empathy as a mediator of the relations between parent and peer attachment and prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors in Mexican American college students. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29(3), 337–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407511431181
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claros, S. C., Garcia, G. A., Johnston-Guerrero, M. P., & Mata, C. (2017). Helping students understand intersectionality: Reflections from a dialogue project in resident life. New Directions for Student Services, 2017(157), 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.20208
   Google Scholar
• Cook, K., & McCoy, D. (2017). Messages in collusion: Resident assistants and White racial identity development. Journal of College & University Student Housing, 43(3), 68–79.
   Google Scholar
• Courtney, M. G. R. (2013). Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: Using the SPSS R-menu v2.0 to make more judicious estimates. Practical Assessment, Research, & Evaluation, 18(8), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.7275/9cf5-2m72
   Google Scholar
• Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, A. N., Carlo, G., Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., Armenta, B., Kim, S. Y., Opal, D., & Streit, C. (2018). The roles of familism and emotion reappraisal in the relations between acculturative stress and prosocial behaviors in Latino/a college students. Journal of Latina/o Psychology, 6(3), 175–189. https://doi.org/10.1037/lat0000092
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dugan, J. P. (2006). Involvement and leadership: A descriptive analysis of socially responsible leadership. Journal of College Student Development, 47(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2006.0028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugan, J. P. (2015). The measurement of socially responsible leadership: Considerations in establishing psychometric rigor. Educational, Cultural, and Psychological Studies, 12(12), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.7358/ecps-2015-012-duga
   Google Scholar
• Dugan, J. P., Fath, K. Q., Howes, S. D., Lavelle, K. R., & Polanin, J. R. (2013). Developing the leadership capacity and leader efficacy of college women in science, technology, engineering, and math fields. Journal of Leadership Studies, 7(3), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21292
   Google Scholar
• Dugan, J. P., & Komives, S. R. (2010). Influences on college students’ capacities for socially responsible leadership. Journal of College Student Development, 51(5), 525–549. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Early, S. L. (2016). An examination of mentoring relationships and leadership capacity in resident assistants. Journal of College & University Student Housing, 42(3), 52–65.
   Google Scholar
• Erikson, E. (1963). Childhood and society. W. W. Norton and Co.
   Google Scholar
• Fernández, A. M., Dufey, M., & Kramp, U. (2011). Testing the psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) in Chile: Empathy in a different cultural context. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 27(3), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehlbach, H. (2004). A new perspective on perspective taking: A multidimensional approach to conceptualizing an aptitude. Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 207–234. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034021.12899.11
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Y. (2017). The influence of social support on the prosocial behavior of college students: The mediating effect based on interpersonal trust. English Language Teaching, 10(2), 158–163. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p158
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, B. B., & Bowers, J. (2008). Covariate balance in simple, stratified, and clustere comparative studies. Statistical Science, 23(2), 219–236. https://doi.org/10.1214/08-STS254
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings, L. J., Griesen, J. V., Hoover, R. E., Creswell, J. W., & Dlugosh, L. L. (2015). Generativity in college students: Comparing and explaining the impact of mentoring. Journal of College Student Development, 56(7), 651–669. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2015.0070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higher Education Research Institute. (1996). A social change model of leadership development: Guidebook version III [Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland at College Park]. National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs.
   Google Scholar
• Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2009). cem: Coarsened exact matching software. Journal of Statistical Software, 30(9), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v030.i09
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, M. (2014). Predictors of college students engaging in social change behaviors. Journal of College and Character, 15(3), 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcc-2014-0019
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, M. (2015). Developing college students’ civic identity: The role of social perspective taking and sociocultural issues discussions. Journal of College Student Development, 56(7), 687–704. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2015.0074
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, M., Dugan, J. P., & Soria, K. M. (2017). Try to see it my way: What influences social perspective taking among college students? Journal of College Student Development, 58(7), 1035–1054. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2017.0082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, V. D., & Kang, Y.-S. (2006). Assessing differences in resident assistant confidence in addressing issues of cultural diversity in three predominantly White universities. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 34(1), 31–42.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, Y.-S., Johnson, V. D., & Thompson, G. F. (2011). Structural analysis of the resident assistant cultural diversity questionnaire. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 37(2), 38–53.
   Google Scholar
• King, A. R. (2012). A social-justice-based resident assistant (RA) training program on a midsized rural community college campus. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 36(12), 982–993. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668920903182708
   Google Scholar
• King, P. M., & Baxter Magolda, M. B. (2005). A developmental model of intercultural maturity. Journal of College Student Development, 46(6), 571–592. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2005.0060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch, V. A. (2016). Current practices in resident assistant training. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(3), 80–96.
   Google Scholar
• Komives, S. R., & Johnson, M. (2009). The role of high school experience in college studentleadership development. Educational Considerations, 37(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.4148/0146-9282.1142
   Google Scholar
• Kosek, R. B. (1995). Measuring prosocial behavior or college students. Psychological Reports, 77(3), 739–742. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.739
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., & Roesch, S. C. (2004). Pathways to self-esteem in late adolescence: The role of parent and peer attachment, empathy, and social behaviours. Journal of Adolescence, 27(6), 703–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.05.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manz, J. (2019). Exploring resident assistants’ demonstration of socially responsible leadership. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 43(1), 80–96.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, G. L., & Blechschmidt, S. (2014). The impact of being a resident assistant on intercultural effectiveness and socially responsible leadership development during college. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 40(2), 30–45.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, T. D., & Soria, K. M. (Eds.). (2017). Educating for citizenship and social justice. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, T. D., & Soria, K. M. (2016). Seeking social justice: Undergraduates’ engagement in social change and social justice at American research universities. In K. M. Soria & T. D. Mitchell (Eds.), Civic engagement and community service at research universities: Engaging undergraduates for social justice, social change, and responsible citizenship (pp. 241–255). Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Molina, D. K. (2016). On becoming batman: An ethnographic examination of hero imagery in early-career residential life emergency management. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(3), 98–111.
   Google Scholar
• Morselli, D., & Passini, S. (2015). Measuring prosocial attitudes toward future generations: The social generativity scale. Journal of Adult Development, 22, 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-015-9210-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Association of Student Personnel Association Administrators (NASPA) and American College Personnel Association. (2004). Learning reconsidered: A campus-wide focus on the student experience.
   Google Scholar
• The National Task Force on Civic Learning and Democratic Education. (2012). A crucible moment: College learning and democracy’s future. Association of American Colleges and Universities.
   Google Scholar
• Padilla-Walker, L. M., Carlo, G., & Nielson, M. G. (2015). Does helping keep teens protected? Longitudinal bidirectional relations between prosocial behavior and problem behavior. Child Development, 86(6), 1759–1772. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raiche, G., Roipel, M., & Blais, J. G. (2006). Non-graphical solutions for the Cattell’s scree test [Paper presentation]. The International Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society, Montreal, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1985). Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. American Statistician, 39(1), 33–38. .org/2683903
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi, A. S. (2001). Developmental roots of adult social responsibility. In A. S. Rossi (Ed.), Caring and doing for others: Social responsibility in the domains of family, work, and community (pp. 227–320). University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rubington, E. (1990). Drinking in the dorms: A study of the etiquette of RA-resident relations. Journal of Drug Issues, 20(3), 451–461. https://doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., Brazelton, G. B., & Roberts, B. J. (2021). Resident assistants’ leadership efficacy. Journal of College and University Student Housing, 48(1), 46–59.
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., Fink, A., Lepkowski, C. C., & Snyder, L. (2013). Undergraduate student leadershipand social change. Journal of College and Character, 14(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcc-2013-0031
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., Hufnagle, A. S., Lopez-Hurtado, I., & Do, T. (2019). Exploring the differential effects of service-learning on students’ sense of belonging: Does social class matter? International Journal of Research on Service-Learning and Community Engagement, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.37333/001c.11486
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., Hussein, D., & Vue, C. (2014). Leadership for whom? Socioeconomic factors predicting undergraduate students’ positional leadership participation. Journal of Leadership Education, 13(1), 14–30. https://doi.org/10.12806/V13/I1/R2
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., & Mitchell, T. D. (Eds.). (2016). Civic engagement and community service at research universities: Engaging undergraduates for social justice, social change, and responsible citizenship. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., & VeLure Roholt, C. (2018). Leadership experiences: Educating for diverse citizenship. Journal of College and Character, 19(4), 264–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/2194587X.2018.1517650
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., & Werner, L. (2018). Academic leadership courses: Catalysts for students’ retention and graduation. Journal of Leadership Education, 17(3), 26–41. https://doi.org/10.12806/V17/I3/R2
   Google Scholar
• Soria, K. M., Werner, L., & Nath, C. (2019). Leadership experiences and perspective taking among college students. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 56(2), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/19496591.2018.1490309
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, R. H., & Anderson, S. K. (2016). Moral behavior of resident assistants: A live experience. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(2), 10–25.
   Google Scholar
• Streit, C., Carlo, G., & Killoren, S. E. (2020). Family support, respect, and empathy as correlates of U.S. Latino/Latina college students’ prosocial behaviors toward different recipients. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(5), 1513–1533. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520903805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taub, D. J., Johnson, R. B., & Calhoun, D. W. (2016). Resident assistants in college and university housing. The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 42(3), 8–11.
   Google Scholar
• Thoemmes, F. J. (2012). Propensity score matching in SPSS. http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1201/1201.6385.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Trowler, V. (2010). Student engagement literature review. Higher Education Academy.
   Google Scholar
• Tyree, T. M. (1998). Designing an instrument to measure the socially responsible leadership using the social change model of leadership development [Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland at College Park]. [Dissertation Abstracts International] 59(06), 1945. ( AAT 9836493)
   Google Scholar
• Velicer, W. F. (1976). Determining the number of components from the matrix of partial correlations. Psychometrika, 41(3), 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02293557
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velicer, W. F., Eaton, C. A., & Fava, J. L. (2000). Construct explication through factor or component analysis: A review and evaluation of alternative procedures for determining the number of factors or components. In R. D. Goffin & E. Helmes (Eds.), Problems and solutions in human assessment (pp. 41–71). Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Winston, R. B., Jr., & Fitch, R. T.(1993). Paraprofessional staffing, R. B. Winston Jr. & S. Anchors Eds., Associates. Student housing and residential life: A handbook for professionals committed to student development goals. 315–343. Jossey-Bass
   Google Scholar