1,610
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

Lotus petal flap and vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in vulvoperineal reconstruction: a systematic review of differences in complications

ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 67-82 | Received 14 Apr 2020, Accepted 22 Sep 2020, Published online: 15 Oct 2020

References

  • Althumairi AA, Canner JK, Gearhart SL, et al. Risk factors for wound complications after abdominoperineal excision: analysis of the ACS NSQIP database. Colorectal Dis. 2016;18(7):O260–6.
  • Winterton RI, Lambe GF, Ekwobi C, et al. Gluteal fold flaps for perineal reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2013;66(3):397–405.
  • Bertucci Zoccali M, Biondi A, Krane M, et al. Risk factors for wound complications in patients undergoing primary closure of the perineal defect after total proctectomy. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2015;30(1):87–95.
  • Althumairi AA, Canner JK, Gearhart SL, et al. Predictors of perineal wound complications and prolonged time to perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection. World J Surg. 2016;40(7):1755–1762.
  • Chessin DB, Hartley J, Cohen AM, et al. Rectus flap reconstruction decreases perineal wound complications after pelvic chemoradiation and surgery: a cohort study. Ann Surg Oncol. 2005;12(2):104–110.
  • Devulapalli C, Tong Jia Wei A, DiBiagio JR, et al. Primary versus flap closure of perineal defects following oncologic resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(5):1602–1613.
  • Butler CE, Gündeslioglu AÖ, Rodriguez-Bigas MA. Outcomes of immediate vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction for irradiated abdominoperineal resection defects. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206(4):694–703.
  • O'Dowd V, Burke JP, Condon E, et al. Vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap and quality of life following abdominoperineal excision for rectal cancer: a multi-institutional study. Tech Coloproctol. 2014;18(10):901–906.
  • Christensen HK, Nerstrøm P, Tei T, et al. Perineal repair after extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011;54:711–717.
  • Hellinga J, Khoe PCKH, Van Etten B, et al. Fasciocutaneous lotus petal flap for perineal wound reconstruction after extralevator abdominoperineal excision: application for reconstruction of the pelvic floor and creation of a neovagina. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23(12):4073–4079.
  • Hellinga J, Khoe PCKH, Stenekes MW, et al. Complications after vulvar and perineal reconstruction with a lotus petal flap. Ann Plast Surg. 2018;80(3):268–271.
  • Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240(2):205–213.
  • Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159–174.
  • Yii NW, Niranjan NS. Lotus petal flaps in vulvo-vaginal reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg. 1996;49(8):547–554.
  • Argenta PA, Lindsay R, Aldridge RB, et al. Vulvar reconstruction using the “lotus petal” fascio-cutaneous flap. Gynecol Oncol. 2013;131(3):726–729.
  • Bodin F, Dissaux C, Seigle-Murandi F, et al. Posterior perineal reconstructions with “supra-fascial” lotus petal flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2015;68(1):e7.
  • Buda A, Confalonieri PL, Rovati LCV, et al. Better anatomical and cosmetic results using tunneled lotus petal flap for plastic reconstruction after demolitive surgery for vulvar malignancy. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012;22(5):860–864.
  • Confalonieri PL, Gilardi R, Rovati LC, et al. Comparison of V-Y advancement flap versus lotus petal flap for plastic reconstruction after surgery in case of vulvar malignancies: a retrospective single center experience. Ann Plast Surg. 2017;79(2):186–191.
  • Franchelli S, Leone MS, Bruzzone M, et al. The gluteal fold fascio-cutaneous flap for reconstruction after radical excision of primary vulvar cancers. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;113(2):245–248.
  • Hashimoto I, Nakanishi H, Nagae H, et al. The gluteal-fold flap for vulvar and buttock reconstruction: anatomic study and adjustment of flap volume. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001;108(7):1998–2005.
  • Herraiz Roda JL, Llueca Abella JA, Maazouzi Y, et al. Vulvar reconstruction in vulvar cancer: “lotus petal” suprafascial flap. Gynecol Surg. 2016;13(1):51–55.
  • Kim JT, Ho SY, Hwang JH, et al. Perineal perforator-based island flaps: the next frontier in perineal reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133(5):683e
  • Misani M, Rovati LC, Confalonieri P, et al. Modified lotus petal flap for vulvo-vaginal reconstruction after resection for vulvar cancer: a single institution experience . Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 2011;43(4):250–254.
  • Pantelides NM, Davies RJ, Fearnhead NS, et al. The gluteal fold flap: a versatile option for perineal reconstruction following anorectal cancer resection. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2013;66(6):812–820.
  • Ragoowansi R, Yii N, Niranjan N. Immediate vulvar and vaginal reconstruction using the gluteal-fold flap: long-term results. Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57(5):406–410.
  • Sawada M, Kimata Y, Kasamatsu T, et al. Versatile lotus petal flap for vulvoperineal reconstruction after gynecological ablative surgery. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;95(2):330–335.
  • Negosanti L, Sgarzani R, Fabbri E, et al. Vulvar reconstruction by perforator flaps: algorithm for flap choice based on the topography of the defect. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2015;25(7):1322–1327.
  • Thiele JR, Weber J, Neeff HP, et al. Reconstruction of perineal defects: a comparison of the myocutaneous gracilis and the gluteal fold flap in interdisciplinary anorectal tumor resection. Front Oncol. 2020;10:668
  • Kroll SS, Pollock R, Jessup JM, et al. Transpelvic rectus abdominis flap reconstruction of defects following abdominal-perineal resection. Am Surg. 1989;55(10):632–637.
  • Touny A, Othman H, Maamoon S, et al. Perineal reconstruction using pedicled vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap (VRAM). J Surg Oncol. 2014;110(6):752–757.
  • Nelson RA, Butler CE. Surgical outcomes of VRAM versus thigh flaps for immediate reconstruction of pelvic and perineal cancer resection defects. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;123(1):175–183.
  • Jain AK, Defranzo AJ, Marks MW, et al. Reconstruction of pelvic exenterative wounds with transpelvic rectus abdominis flaps: A case series. Ann Plast Surg. 1997;38(2):115–123.
  • Kouraklis G. Reconstruction of the pelvic floor using the rectus abdominis muscles after radical pelvic surgery. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45(6):836–839.
  • Barker JA, Blackmore AE, Owen RP, et al. Prone cylindrical abdominoperineal resection with subsequent rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction performed by a colorectal surgeon. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2013;28(6):801–806.
  • Barker T, Branagan G, Wright E, et al. Vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the perineal defect after abdominoperineal excision is associated with low morbidity. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15:1177–83.
  • Bell SW, Dehni N, Chaouat M, et al. Primary rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for repair of perineal and vaginal defects after extended abdominoperineal resection. Br J Surg. 2005;92(4):482–486.
  • Berger JL, Westin SN, Fellman B, et al. Modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap vaginal reconstruction: an analysis of surgical outcomes. Gynecol Oncol. 2012;125(1):252–255.
  • Buchel EW, Finical S, Johnson C. Pelvic reconstruction using vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps. Ann Plast Surg. 2004;52(1):22–26.
  • Casey WJ, Tran NV, Petty PM, et al. A comparison of 99 consecutive vaginal reconstructions: an outcome study. Ann Plast Surg. 2004;52(1):27–30.
  • Creagh TA, Dixon L, Frizelle FA. Reconstruction with vertical rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap in advanced pelvic malignancy. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2012;65(6):791–797.
  • Erdmann MWH, Waterhouse N. The transpelvic rectus abdominis flap: its use in the reconstructin of extensive perineal defects. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1995;77:229–232.
  • De Haas WG, Miller MJ, Temple WJ, et al. Perineal wound closure with the rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap after tumor ablation. Ann Surg Oncol. 1995;2(5):400–406.
  • Hinojosa MW, Parikh DA, Menon R, et al. Recent experience with abdominal perineal resection with vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction after preoperative pelvic radiation. Am Surg. 2009;75(10):995–999.
  • Holman FA, Martijnse IS, Traa MJ, et al. Dynamic article: Vaginal and perineal reconstruction using rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in surgery for locally advanced rectum carcinoma and locally recurrent rectum carcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum. 2013;56(2):175–185.
  • Houvenaeghel G, Ghouti L, Moutardier V, et al. Rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in radical oncopelvic surgery: a safe and useful procedure. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2005;31(10):1185–1190.
  • Petrie N, Branagan G, McGuiness C, et al. Reconstruction of the perineum following anorectal cancer excision. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2009;24(1):97–104.
  • Smith HO, Genesen MC, Runowicz CD, et al. The rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap: modifications, complications, and sexual function. Cancer. 1998;83(3):510–520.
  • Chokshi RJ, Kuhrt MP, Arrese D, et al. Reconstruction of total pelvic exenteration defects with rectus abdominus myocutaneous flaps versus primary closure. Am J Surg. 2013;205(1):64–70.
  • Sheckter CC, Shakir A, Vo H, et al. Reconstruction following abdominoperineal resection (APR): indications and complications from a single institution experience. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2016;69(11):1506–1512.
  • Loessin SJ, Meland NB, Devine RM, et al. Management of sacral and perineal defects following abdominoperineal resection and radiation with transpelvic muscle flaps. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995;38(9):940–945.
  • Espinosa-de-Los-Monteros A, Arista-de la Torre L, Vergara-Fernandez O, et al. Contralateral component separation technique for abdominal wall closure in patients undergoing vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap transposition for pelvic exenteration reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 2016;77(1):90–92.
  • Hardt J, Mai S, Weiß C, et al. Abdominoperineal resection and perineal wound healing in recurrent, persistent, or primary anal carcinoma. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2016;31(6):1197–1203.
  • Nuñez JE, Alvarado NC, Pereira AS, et al. Abdominoperineal resection in anal cancer: reconstruction of the perineum with a myocutaneous flap from the anterior rectus abdominis muscle. Cir Esp. 2011;89:31–36.
  • Peacock O, Pandya H, Sharp T, et al. Biological mesh reconstruction of perineal wounds following enhanced abdominoperineal excision of rectum (APER). Int J Colorectal Dis. 2012;27(4):475–482.
  • Shepherd JH, Van Dam PA, Jobling TW, et al. The use of rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps following excision of vulvar cancer. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97(11):1020–1025.
  • Haverland R, Rebecca AM, Hammond J, et alJ. A case series of robot-assisted rectus abdominis flap harvest for pelvic reconstruction: a single institution experience. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020.
  • Horch RE, Hohenberger W, Eweida A, et al. A hundred patients with vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap for pelvic reconstruction after total pelvic exenteration. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2014;29(7):813–823.
  • Gupta V, Lennox GK, Covens A. The rectus abdominus myoperitoneal flap for vaginal reconstruction. Gynecol Oncol Rep. 2020;32:100567.
  • Stein MJ, Karir A, Ramji M, et al. Surgical outcomes of VRAM versus gracilis flaps for the reconstruction of pelvic defects following oncologic resection. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2019;72(4):565–571.
  • Pursell SH, Day TG, Jr, Tobin GR. Distally based rectus abdominis flap for reconstruction in radical gynecologic procedures. Gynecol Oncol. 1990;37(2):234–238.
  • Tei TM, Stolzenburg T, Buntzen S, et al. Use of transpelvic rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap for anal cancer salvage surgery. Br J Surg. 2003;90(5):575–580.
  • Cortinovis U, Sala L, Bonomi S, et al. Rectus abdominis myofascial flap for vaginal reconstruction after pelvic exenteration. Ann Plast Surg. 2018;81(5):576–583.
  • Shukla HS, Hughes LE. The rectus abdominis flap for perineal wounds. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1984;66(5):337–339.
  • Hellinga J, Stenekes MW, Werker PMN, et al. Quality of life, sexual functioning, and physical functioning following perineal reconstruction with the lotus petal flap. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020.
  • Jüni P, Holenstein F, Sterne J, et al. Direction and impact of language bias in meta-analyses of controlled trials: empirical study. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31(1):115–123.
  • Bakx R, van Lanschot JJ, Zoetmulder FA. Inferiorly based rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps in surgical oncology: indications, technique, and experience in 37 patients. J Surg Oncol. 2004;85(2):93–97.
  • Combs PD, Sousa JD, Louie O, et al. Comparison of vertical and oblique rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps for pelvic, perineal, and groin reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;134(2):315–323.
  • Pang J, Broyles JM, Berli J, et al. Abdominal- versus thigh-based reconstruction of perineal defects in patients with cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2014;57(6):725–732.