2,176
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Seroprevalence and risk factors for peste des petits ruminants and selected differential diagnosis in sheep and goats in Tanzania

ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, , , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Article: 1368336 | Received 16 Feb 2017, Accepted 04 Aug 2017, Published online: 08 Sep 2017

References

  • FAO . Supporting livelihoods and building resilience through Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and small ruminant disease control. Animal Production and Health Position Paper. Rome; 2013.
  • FAO . Livestock sector development for poverty reduction: an economic and policy perspective – Livestock’s many virtues, by J. Otte, A. Costales, J. Dijkman, U. Pica-Ciamarra, T. Robinson, V. Ahuja, C. Ly and D. Roland-Holst. Rome 2012; pp. 161.
  • Pradère J. Improving animal health and livestock productivity to reduce poverty. Rev Sci Tech. 2014;33:1–13.
  • FAO and OIE. Global Strategy for the control and eradication of PPR. Rome; 2015.
  • World Bank . World livestock disease atlas: a quantitative analysis of global animal health data (2006-2009). Washington (DC): World Bank; 2011.
  • Banyard AC , Parida S , Batten C , et al. Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control. J Gen Virol. 2010;91:2885–2897. Epub 2010 Sep 17.
  • Roeder P , Obi T . Recognizing PPR a field manual. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 1999.
  • Munir M , Zohari S , Berg M . Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment of Peste des Petits Ruminants. Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus. 2013;33–48. Springer.
  • Balamurugan V , Hemadri D , ccv Gajendragad M , et al. Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review. Virusdisease. 2014;25:39–56.
  • Swai ES , Kaaya JE , Noah EY . Antibody response to Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae bacterium in small holder dairy goats in Tanzania. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2013;45:1603–1608. Epub 2013 Apr 6.
  • Kitching R , Hughes G . Clinical variation in foot and mouth disease: sheep and goats. Revue Scientifique Et Technique-Office International Des Epizooties. 2002;21:505–510.
  • Maclachlan NJ . Bluetongue: history, global epidemiology, and pathogenesis. Prev Vet Med. 2011;102:107–111.
  • Nettleton PF , Gilray JA , Russo P , et al. Border disease of sheep and goats. Vet Res. 1998;29:327–340.
  • Paniagua J , Garcia-Bocanegra I , Arenas-Montes A , et al. Absence of circulation of Pestivirus between wild and domestic ruminants in southern Spain. Vet Rec. 2016;178:215. Epub 2016 Feb 13.
  • Passler T , Riddell KP , Edmondson MA , et al. Walz PH. Experimental infection of pregnant goats with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 1 or 2.. Veterinary Res. 2014;45:38. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
  • Mondal B , Sen A , Chand K , et al. Evidence of mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus and bluetongue virus in a flock of goats as confirmed by detection of antigen, antibody and nucleic acid of both the viruses. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2009;41:1661–1667. Epub 2009 May 12.
  • Saeed IK , Ali YH , AbdulRahman MB , et al. Mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and other respiratory viruses in dromedary camels in Sudan, an abattoir study. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2015;47:995–998.
  • World Bank . 2016 [ cited 2016 Sep 7]. Available from: http://data.worldbank.org/country/tanzania.
  • Covarrubias K , Nsiima L , Zezza A . Livestock and livelihoods in rural Tanzania, A descriptive analysis of the 2009 National Panel Survey. Rome: FAO; 2012.
  • United Republic of Tanzania (URT) . National sample census of agriculture, Small holder agriculture, Volume III: Livestock sector - National Report. 2012.
  • Kivaria FM , Kwiatek O , Kapaga AM , et al. The incursion, persistence and spread of peste des petits ruminants in Tanzania: epidemiological patterns and predictions. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2013;80:1–10.
  • Karimuribo E , Loomu P , Mellau L , et al. Retrospective study on sero-epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants before its official confirmation in northern Tanzania in 2008. Res Opinions Anim Vet Sci. 2011;1(3): 184–187.
  • Kgotlele T , Torsson E , Kasanga C , et al. Seroprevalence of Peste Des Petits Ruminants virus from samples collected in different regions of Tanzania in 2013 and 2015. J Vet Sci Technol. 2016;7:2.
  • OIE . 2016 [ cited 2016 Sep 14]. Available from: http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Wahidhome/Home.
  • Torsson E , Kgotlele T , Berg M , et al. History and current status of peste des petits ruminants virus in Tanzania.  Infection Ecology & Epidemiology. 2016 ;6: doi:10.3402/iee.v6.32701.
  • Allepuz A , Stevenson M , Kivaria F , et al. Risk factors for foot‐and‐mouth disease in Tanzania, 2001–2006. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2015;62:127–136.
  • Arif A , Schulz J , Thiaucourt F , et al. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia outbreak in captive wild ungulates at Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation, State of Qatar. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2007;38:93–96.
  • Hamdy F , Dardiri A . Response of white-tailed deer to infection with peste des petits ruminants virus. J Wildl Dis. 1976;12:516–522.
  • Nelson DD , Duprau JL , Wolff PL , et al. Persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including the mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus). Front Microbiol. 2015;6: doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01415.
  • Van Vuuren M , Penzhorn BL . Geographic range of vector-borne infections and their vectors: the role of African wildlife. Rev Sci Tech. 2015;34:139–149.
  • Abubakar M , Rajput ZI , Arshed MJ , et al. Evidence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in Sindh Ibex (Capra aegagrus blythi) in Pakistan as confirmed by detection of antigen and antibody. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2011;43:745–747.
  • Mahapatra M , Sayalel K , Muniraju M , et al. Spillover of Peste des Petits ruminants virus from domestic to wild ruminants in the serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21:2230.
  • Kgotlele T , Macha E , Kasanga C , et al. Partial genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus from goats in northern and eastern Tanzania. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2014;61:56–62.
  • United Republic of Tanzania (URT) . Tanzania in figures 2014. Dar es Salaam: National Bureau of Statistics MoF; 2015. editor.
  • Libeau G , Prehaud C , Lancelot R , et al. Development of a competitive ELISA for detecting antibodies to the peste des petits ruminants virus using a recombinant nucleobrotein. Res Vet Sci. 1995;58:50–55.
  • AusVet Animal Health Services . EpiTools. Available from: http://epitools.ausvet.com.au/
  • Fosgate GT . Practical sample size calculations for surveillance and diagnostic investigations. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2009;21:3–14.
  • Wensman JJ , Lindahl J , Wachtmeister N , et al. A study of Rift Valley fever virus in Morogoro and Arusha regions of Tanzania–serology and farmers’ perceptions. Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2015;5: doi:10.3402/iee.v5.30025.
  • Thiaucourt F , Bölske G , Libeau G , et al. The use of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). Vet Microbiol. 1994;41:191–203.
  • Rogan WJ , Gladen B . Estimating prevalence from the results of a screening test. Am J Epidemiol. 1978;107:71–76.
  • Newcombe RG . Two‐sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Stat Med. 1998;17:857–872.
  • R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. 2015. Available from: https://www.R-project.org/
  • Bates D , Mächler M , Bolker B , et al. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using {lme4}. J Stat Softw. 2015;67:1–48.
  • Peyraud A , Poumarat F , Tardy F , et al. An international collaborative study to determine the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia by monoclonal antibody-based cELISA. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10:1.
  • United Republic of Tanzania (URT) . Peste Des Petites Ruminants (PPR): assessment of socio economic impacts in the Republic of Tanzania. Working document, NO 1. Nairobi: FAO Animal Health and Production, ECTAD; 2013.
  • Swai ES , Kapaga A , Kivaria F , et al. Prevalence and distribution of Peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in various districts of Tanzania. Vet Res Commun. 2009;33:927–936.
  • Muse EA , Karimuribo ED , Gitao GC , et al. Epidemiological investigation into the introduction and factors for spread of Peste des Petits Ruminants, southern Tanzania. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2012;79:49–54.
  • Ul R A , Abubakar M , Rasool MH , et al. Evaluation of Risk Factors for Peste des Petits Ruminants virus in sheep and goats at the wildlife-livestock interface in Punjab Province, Pakistan. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:7826245. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
  • Kihu SM , Gachohi JM , Ndungu EK , et al. Sero-epidemiology of Peste des petits ruminants virus infection in Turkana County, Kenya. BMC Vet Res. 2015;11:1.
  • Mahajan S , Agrawal R , Kumar M , et al. Risk of seroconversion to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and its association with species, sex, age and migration. Small Ruminant Res. 2012;104:195–200.
  • Mbyuzi AO , Komba EV , Kimera SI , et al. Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants and contagious caprine pleuro-pneumonia in goats and sheep in the Southern Zone of Tanzania. Prev Vet Med. 2014;116:138–144.
  • Sarker S , Islam MH . Prevalence and risk factor assessment of Peste des petits ruminants in goats in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Vet World. 2011;4:546–549.
  • OIE . OIE Terrestrial Manual 2014; 2.7.6; Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia. 2014. [ cited 2016 Apr 28]. Available from: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/fr/Health_standards/tahm/2.07.06_CCPP.pdf
  • Barnett P , Cox S . The role of small ruminants in the epidemiology and transmission of foot-and-mouth disease. Vet J. 1999;158:6–13.
  • Balinda SN , Tjørnehøj K , Muwanika VB , et al. Prevalence estimates of antibodies towards foot‐and‐mouth disease virus in small ruminants in Uganda. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2009;56:362–371.
  • Mkama M , Kasanga CJ , Sallu R , et al. Serosurveillance of foot-and-mouth disease virus in selected livestock-wildlife interface areas of Tanzania. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2014;81:1–4.
  • Dellers RW , Hyde JL . Response of sheep to experimental infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus. Am J Vet Res. 1964;25:469–473. Epub 1964 Mar 1.
  • Elnekave E , Van Maanen K , Shilo H , et al. Prevalence and risk factors for foot and mouth disease infection in small ruminants in Israel. Prev Vet Med. 2016;125:82–88.
  • Megersa B , Beyene B , Abunna F , et al. Risk factors for foot and mouth disease seroprevalence in indigenous cattle in Southern Ethiopia: the effect of production system. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2009;41:891–898.
  • Rufael T , Catley A , Bogale A , et al. Foot and mouth disease in the Borana pastoral system, southern Ethiopia and implications for livelihoods and international trade. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2008;40:29–38.
  • Hamblin C , Anderson E , Jago M , et al. Antibodies to some pathogenic agents in free-living wild species in Tanzania. Epidemiol Infect. 1990;105:585–594.
  • Anderson E , Rowe L . The prevalence of antibody to the viruses of bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine herpes virus 1, rift valley fever, ephemeral fever and bluetongue and to Leptospira sp in free-ranging wildlife in Zimbabwe. Epidemiol Infect. 1998;121:441–449.
  • Adam IA , Abdalla MA , Mohamed ME , et al. Prevalence of bluetongue virus infection and associated risk factors among cattle in North Kordufan State, Western Sudan. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10:1.
  • Hyera J , Liess B , Frey H-R . Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in cattle, sheep and goats in northern Tanzania. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1991;23:83–94.
  • Ghirotti M , Semproni G , De Meneghi D , et al. Sero-prevalences of selected cattle diseases in the Kafue flats of Zambia. Vet Res Commun. 1991;15:25–36. Epub 1991 Jan 1.
  • Callaby R , Toye P , Jennings A , et al. Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in Western Kenya. Res Vet Sci. 2016;108:120–124.
  • Parida S , Muniraju M , Mahapatra M , et al. Peste des petits ruminants. Vet Microbiol. 2015;181:90–106. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
  • Lembo T , Oura C , Parida S , et al. Peste des petits ruminants infection among cattle and wildlife in northern Tanzania. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19:2037.
  • Elzein E , Housawi F , Bashareek Y , et al. Severe PPR Infection in Gazelles kept under semi‐free range conditions. J Vet Medicine, Ser B. 2004;51:68–71.
  • Kinne J , Kreutzer R , Kreutzer M , et al. Peste des petits ruminants in Arabian wildlife. Epidemiol Infect. 2010;138:1211–1214.
  • Kock R , Wamwayi H , Rossiter P , et al. Re-infection of wildlife populations with rinderpest virus on the periphery of the Somali ecosystem in East Africa. Prev Vet Med. 2006;75:63–80.
  • Munir M . Role of wild small ruminants in the epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2014;61:411–424.
  • Couacy-Hymann E , Bodjo C , Danho T , et al. Surveillance of wildlife as a tool for monitoring rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in West Africa. Rev Sci Tech. 2005;24:869–877. Epub 2006 Apr 29.
  • Thomson G , Vosloo W , Bastos A . Foot and mouth disease in wildlife. Virus Res. 2003;91:145–161.
  • Sutmoller P , Thomson GR , Hargreaves SK , et al. The foot-and-mouth disease risk posed by African buffalo within wildlife conservancies to the cattle industry of Zimbabwe. Prev Vet Med. 2000;44:43–60.
  • Chatzopoulos D , Valiakos G , Giannakopoulos A , et al. Bluetongue Virus in wild ruminants in Europe: concerns and facts, with a brief reference to bluetongue in cervids in Greece during the 2014 outbreak. Small Ruminant Res. 2015;128:79–87.
  • Gerdes GH , South A . African overview of the virus, vectors, surveillance and unique features of bluetongue. Vet Ital. 2004;40:39–42. Epub 2004 Jul 1.
  • Mohammadi A , Tanzifi P , Nemati Y . Seroepidemiology of bluetongue disease and risk factors in small ruminants of Shiraz suburb, Fars province, Iran. Trop Biomed. 2012;29:632–637.
  • Kanyi Kibe M , Smith GR . A study of F38-type and related mycoplasmas by mycoplasmaemia and cross-immunization tests in mice. J Hyg (Lond). 1984;93:465–473. Epub 1984 Dec 1.
  • Smith GR , Oliphant JC . The ability of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides and closely related strains from goats and sheep to immunize mice against subspecies capri. J Hyg (Lond). 1981;87:321–329. Epub 1981 Oct 1.
  • Brook RK , McLachlan SM . Trends and prospects for local knowledge in ecological and conservation research and monitoring. Biodivers Conserv. 2008;17:3501–3512.