Protein markers for Candida albicans EVs include claudin-like Sur7 family proteins

References

• Havlickova B, Czaika VA, Friedrich M. Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide. Mycoses. 2008;51(s4):2–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Benedict K, Jackson BR, Chiller T, et al. Estimation of direct healthcare costs of fungal diseases in the USA. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;68(11):1791–1797.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: a persistent public health problem. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007;20(1):133–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown GD, Denning DW, Gow NAR, et al. Hidden killers: human fungal infections. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4(165):165rv13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kullberg BJ, Arendrup MC. Invasive Candidiasis. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(15):1445–1456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guinea J. Global trends in the distribution of candida species causing candidemia. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(Suppl. 6):5–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the management of candidiasis: 2016 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(4):e1–e50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whaley SG, Berkow EL, Rybak JM, et al. Azole antifungal resistance in candida albicans and emerging non-albicans Candida species. Front Microbiol. 2017;7:2173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perlin DS. Mechanisms of echinocandin antifungal drug resistance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015;1354(1):1–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perlin DS, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Alastruey-Izquierdo a. The global problem of antifungal resistance: prevalence, mechanisms, and management. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(12):e383–e392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher MC, Hawkins NJ, Sanglard D, et al. Worldwide emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs challenges human health and food security. Science. 2018;360(6390):739–742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu R, Rai a, Chen M, et al. Extracellular vesicles in cancer - implications for future improvements in cancer care. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(10):617–638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quek C, Hill AF. The role of extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017;483(4):1178–1186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pathirana RD, Kaparakis‐Liaskos M. Bacterial membrane vesicles: biogenesis, immune regulation and pathogenesis. Cell Microbiol. 2016;18(11):1518–1524.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Théry C, Witwer KW, Aikawa E, et al. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the international society for extracellular vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines. J Extracell Vesicles. 2018;7(1):1535750.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maas SLN, Breakefield XO, Weaver AM. Extracellular vesicles: unique intercellular delivery vehicles. Trends Cell Biol. 2017;27(3):172–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schorey JS, Cheng Y, Singh PP, et al. Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles in host-pathogen interactions. EMBO Rep. 2015;16(1):24–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira DL, Freire-de-Lima CG, Nosanchuk JD, et al. Extracellular vesicles from cryptococcus neoformans modulate macrophage functions. Infect Immun. 2010;78(4):1601–1609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues ML, Nakayasu ES, Oliveira DL, et al. Extracellular vesicles produced by cryptococcus neoformans contain protein components associated with virulence. Eukaryot Cell. 2008;7(1):58–67.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bielska E, Sisquella MA, Aldeieg M, et al. Pathogen-derived extracellular vesicles mediate virulence in the fatal human pathogen cryptococcus gattii. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallejo MC, Matsuo AL, Ganiko L, et al. The pathogenic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis exports extracellular vesicles containing highly immunogenic α-galactosyl epitopes. Eukaryot Cell. 2011;10(3):343–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva RP, Heiss C, Black I, et al. Extracellular vesicles from paracoccidioides pathogenic species transport polysaccharide and expose ligands for DC-SIGN receptors. Sci. Rep. 2015;5(1):14213.
   Google Scholar
• Wolf JM, Espadas J, Luque-Garcia J, et al. Lipid biosynthetic genes affect candida albicans extracellular vesicle morphology, cargo, and immunostimulatory properties. Eukaryot Cell. 2015;14(8):745–754.
   Google Scholar
• Vargas G, Rocha JDB, Oliveira DL, et al. Compositional and immunobiological analyses of extracellular vesicles released by Candida albicans. Cell Microbiol. 2015;17(3):389–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joffe LS, Nimrichter L, Rodrigues ML, et al. Potential roles of fungal extracellular vesicles during infection. mSphere. 2016;1(4):e00099–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleackley MR, Dawson CS, Anderson MA. Fungal extracellular vesicles with a focus on proteomic analysis. PROTEOMICS. 2019;19(8):1800232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva RP, Puccia R, Rodrigues ML, et al. Extracellular vesicle-mediated export of fungal RNA. Sci. Rep. 2015;5(1):7763.
   Google Scholar
• Rodrigues ML, Nimrichter L, Oliveira DL, et al. Vesicular polysaccharide export in cryptococcus neoformans is a eukaryotic solution to the problem of fungal trans-cell wall transport. Eukaryot Cell. 2007;6(1):48–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oliveira DL, Nimrichter L, Miranda K, et al. Cryptococcus neoformans cryoultramicrotomy and vesicle fractionation reveals an intimate association between membrane lipids and glucuronoxylomannan. Fungal Genet Biol. 2009;46(12):956–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva TA, Roque-Barreira MC, Casadevall a, et al. Extracellular vesicles from paracoccidioides brasiliensis induced M1 polarization in vitro. Sci Rep. 2016;6(1):35867.
   Google Scholar
• Gil-Bona a, Llama-Palacios a, Parra CM, et al. Proteomics unravels extracellular vesicles as carriers of classical cytoplasmic proteins in Candida albicans. J Proteome Res. 2015;14(1):142–153.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarnowski R, Sanchez H, Covelli AS, et al. Candida Albicans biofilm–induced vesicles confer drug resistance through matrix biogenesis. PLoS Biol. 2018;16(10):e2006872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nobile CJ, Johnson AD. Candida albicans biofilms and human disease. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2015;69(1):71–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taff HT, Nett JE, Zarnowski R, et al. A candida biofilm-induced pathway for matrix glucan delivery: implications for drug resistance. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(8):e1002848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lötvall J, Hill AF, Hochberg F, et al. Minimal experimental requirements for definition of extracellular vesicles and their functions: a position statement from the international society for extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles. 2014;3(1):26913.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Greening DW, Xu R, Ji H, et al. a Protocol for Exosome Isolation and Characterization: evaluation of Ultracentrifugation, Density-Gradient Separation, and Immunoaffinity Capture Methods. In Proteomic Profiling: methods and Protocols. In: Posch a, editor. Methods in molecular biology. New York: Springer New York; 2015. p.179–209. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-2550-6_15
   Google Scholar
• Gámez-Valero a, Monguió-Tortajada M, Carreras-Planella L, et al. Size-exclusion chromatography-based isolation minimally alters extracellular vesicles’ characteristics compared to precipitating agents. Sci. Rep. 2016;6(1):33641.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oksvold MP, Neurauter a, Pedersen KW. Magnetic bead-based isolation of exosomes. in rna interference: challenges and therapeutic opportunities. In: Sioud M, editor. Methods in Molecular Biology. New York: Springer New York; 2015. p.465–481. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-1538-5_27
   Google Scholar
• Suetsugu a, Honma K, Saji S, et al. Imaging exosome transfer from breast cancer cells to stroma at metastatic sites in orthotopic nude-mouse models. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(3):383–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis DA, Bruno VM, Loza L, et al. Candida albicans Mds3p, a conserved regulator of ph responses and virulence identified through insertional mutagenesis. Genetics. 2002;162(4):1573–1581.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramage G, Saville SP, Wickes BL, et al. Inhibition of candida albicans biofilm formation by farnesol, a quorum-sensing molecule. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(11):5459–5463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen SL, Greenberg JW, Wang H, et al. Quantifying murine placental extracellular vesicles across gestation and in preterm birth data with tidynano: a computational framework for analyzing and visualizing nanoparticle data in R. Plos One. 2019;14(6):e0218270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greening DW, Nguyen HPT, Elgass K, et al. Human endometrial exosomes contain hormone-specific cargo modulating trophoblast adhesive capacity: insights into endometrial-embryo interactions. Biol Reprod. 2016;94(2). DOI:10.1095/biolreprod.115.134890
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fingerhut LCHW, Strugnell JM, Faou P, et al. Shotgun proteomics analysis of saliva and salivary gland tissue from the common octopus octopus vulgaris. J Proteome Res. 2018;17(11):3866–3876.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyanova S, Temu T, Cox J. The maxquant computational platform for mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics. Nat Protoc. 2016;11(12):2301–2319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox J, Neuhauser N, Michalski a, et al. Andromeda: a peptide search engine integrated into the maxquant environment. J Proteome Res. 2011;10(4):1794–1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox J, Hein MY, Luber CA, et al. Accurate proteome-wide label-free quantification by delayed normalization and maximal peptide ratio extraction, termed MaxLFQ. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2014;13(9):2513–2526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnaud MB, Costanzo MC, Skrzypek MS, et al. The Candida Genome Database (CGD), a community resource for candida albicans gene and protein information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33(suppl_1):D358–D363.
   Google Scholar
• Skrzypek MS, Binkley J, Binkley G, et al. The Candida Genome Database (CGD): incorporation of assembly 22, systematic identifiers and visualization of high throughput sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017;D45(D1):D592–D596.
   Google Scholar
• R Core Team. R: a language and environmental for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2018. Vienna, Austria https://www.R-project.org
   Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Smits AH, van Tilburg GB, et al. Proteome-wide identification of ubiquitin interactions using UbIA-MS. Nat Protoc. 2018;13(3):530–550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie ME, Phipson B, Wu D, et al. Limma powers differential expression analyses for rna-sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(7):e47–e47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stacklies W, Redestig H, Scholz M, et al. PcaMethods—a bioconductor package providing PCA methods for incomplete data. Bioinformatics. 2007;23(9):1164–1167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phipson B, Lee S, Majewski IJ, et al. Robust hyperparameter estimation protects against hypervariable genes and improves power to detect differential expression. Ann Appl Stat. 2016;10(2):946–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Ser B Methodol. 1995;57(1):289–300.
   Google Scholar
• Priebe S, Kreisel C, Horn F, et al. FungiFun2: a comprehensive online resource for systematic analysis of gene lists from fungal species. Bioinformatics. 2015;31(3):445–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maechler M, Rousseeuw P, Struwf a, et al. Cluster: cluster analysis basics and extensions. R Package Version 208. 2019.
   Google Scholar
• The UniProt Consortium. UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(D1):D506–D515. .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsirigos KD, Peters C, Shu N, et al. The TOPCONS web server for consensus prediction of membrane protein topology and signal peptides. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(W1):W401–W407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren J, Wen L, Gao X, et al. CSS-Palm 2.0: an updated software for palmitoylation sites prediction. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2008;21(11):639–644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen H, Boutros PC. VennDiagram: a package for the generation of highly-customizable venn and euler diagrams in R. BMC Bioinformatics. 2011;12(1):35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deutsch EW, Csordas a, Sun Z, et al. The proteomexchange consortium in 2017: supporting the cultural change in proteomics public data deposition. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017;45(D1):D1100–D1106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Riverol Y, Csordas a, Bai J, et al. The PRIDE database and related tools and resources in 2019: improving support for quantification data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(D1):D442–D450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marwick B, Boettiger C, Mullen L. Packaging data analytical work reproducibly using R (and Friends). Am Stat. 2018;72(1):80–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutton LC, Jenkinson HF, Lamont RJ, et al. Role of Candida albicans secreted aspartyl protease Sap9 in interkingdom biofilm formation. Pathog Dis. 2016;74(3):ftw005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyer LL, Green CB, Oh S-H, et al. Discovering the secrets of the candida albicans agglutinin-like sequence (ALS) gene family — a sticky pursuit. Med Mycol. 2008;46(1):1–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez MJ, Maras B, Barca a, et al. Biochemical and immunological characterization of MP65, a Major mannoprotein antigen of the opportunistic human pathogencandida albicans. Infect Immun. 2000;68(2):694–701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitarch a, Jiménez a, Nombela C, et al. Decoding serological response to candida cell wall immunome into novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic candidates for systemic candidiasis by proteomic and bioinformatic analyses. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2006;5(1):79–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes AR, Lin Y-H, Niimi K, et al. ABC transporter cdr1p contributes more than cdr2p does to fluconazole efflux in fluconazole-resistant candida albicans clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52(11):3851–3862.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hessvik NP, Llorente a. Current knowledge on exosome biogenesis and release. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018;75(2):193–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bobrie a, Colombo M, Raposo G, et al. Exosome secretion: molecular mechanisms and roles in immune responses. Traffic. 2011;12(12):1659–1668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang S, Tian H, Li X, et al. Clinical application of a microfluidic chip for immunocapture and quantification of circulating exosomes to assist breast cancer diagnosis and molecular classification. Plos One. 2017;12(4):e0175050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verweij FJ, Bebelman MP, Jimenez CR, et al. Quantifying exosome secretion from single cells reveals a modulatory role for GPCR signaling. J Cell Biol. 2018;217(3):1129–1142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi Y, Nishikawa M, Shinotsuka H, et al. Visualization and in vivo tracking of the exosomes of murine melanoma B16-BL6 cells in mice after intravenous injection. J Biotechnol. 2013;165(2):77–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamith-Miranda D, Nimrichter L, Rodrigues ML, et al. Fungal extracellular vesicles: modulating host–pathogen interactions by both the fungus and the host. Microbes Infect. 2018;20(9):501–504.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenno S, Speth C, Rambach G, et al. Candida albicans factor H binding molecule Hgt1p – a low glucose-induced transmembrane protein is trafficked to the cell wall and impairs phagocytosis and killing by human neutrophils. Front Microbiol. 2019;9. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03319.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li B, Antonyak MA, Zhang J, et al. RhoA triggers a specific signaling pathway that generates transforming microvesicles in cancer cells. Oncogene. 2012;31(45):4740–4749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedgwick AE, Clancy JW, Olivia Balmert M, et al. Invadopodia mediate non-overlapping modes of tumor cell invasion. Sci. Rep. 2015;5(1):14748.
   Google Scholar
• Bassilana M, Arkowitz RA. Rac1 and Cdc42 have different roles in candida albicans development. Eukaryot Cell. 2006;5(2):321–329.
   Google Scholar
• Corvest V, Bogliolo S, Follette P, et al. Spatiotemporal regulation of Rho1 and Cdc42 activity during candida albicans filamentous growth. Mol Microbiol. 2013;89(4):626–648.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dünkler a, Wendland J. Candida albicans rho-type gtpase-encoding genes required for polarized cell growth and cell separation. Eukaryot Cell. 2007;6(5):844–854.
   Google Scholar
• Tricarico C, Clancy J, Biology D-SC. Biogenesis of Shed Microvesicles. Small GTPases. 2017;8(4):220–232.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhao K, Bleackley M, Chisanga D, et al. Extracellular vesicles secreted by saccharomyces cerevisiae are involved in cell wall remodelling. Commun Biol. 2019;2(1):1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Kondoh O, Tachibana Y, Ohya Y, et al. Cloning of the RHO1 gene from candida albicans and its regulation of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis. J Bacteriol. 1997;179(24):7734–7741.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barelle CJ, Richard ML, Gaillardin C, et al. Candida albicans VAC8 is required for vacuolar inheritance and normal hyphal branching. Eukaryot Cell. 2006;5(2):359–367.
   Google Scholar
• Lupashin VV, Pokrovskaya ID, McNew JA, et al. Characterization of a novel yeast snare protein implicated in golgi retrograde traffic. Mol Biol Cell. 1997;8(12):2659–2676.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jedd G, Mulholland J, Segev N. Two new ypt gtpases are required for exit from the yeast trans-golgi compartment. J Cell Biol. 1997;137(3):563–580.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNew JA, Søgaard M, Lampen NM, et al. Ykt6p, a prenylated SNARE essential for endoplasmic reticulum-golgi transport. J Biol Chem. 1997;272(28):17776–17783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kweon Y, Rothe a, Conibear E, et al. Ykt6p is a multifunctional yeast r-snare that is required for multiple membrane transport pathways to the vacuole. Mol Biol Cell. 2003;14(5):1868–1881.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross JC, Chaudhary V, Bartscherer K, et al. Active wnt proteins are secreted on exosomes. Nat Cell Biol. 2012;14(10):1036–1045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnemannstöns K, Karuna P, Witte L, et al. Ykt6 membrane-to-cytosol cycling regulates exosomal Wnt secretion. bioRxiv. 2018:485565. DOI:10.1101/485565.
   Google Scholar
• Bernardo SM, Rane HS, Chavez-Dozal a, et al. Secretion and filamentation are mediated by the candida albicans T-SNAREs Sso2p and Sec9p. FEMS Yeast Res. 2014;14(5):762–775.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop a, Lane R, Beniston R, et al. Hyphal growth in candida albicans requires the phosphorylation of Sec2 by the Cdc28‐Ccn1/Hgc1 Kinase. Embo J. 2010;29(17):2930–2942.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas LM, Wang HX, Li L, et al. Membrane compartment occupied by can1 (MCC) and eisosome subdomains of the fungal plasma membrane. Membranes (Basel). 2011;1(4):394–411.
   Google Scholar
• Noble SM, French S, Kohn LA, et al. Systematic screens of a candida albicans homozygous deletion library decouple morphogenetic switching and pathogenicity. Nat Genet. 2010;42(7):590–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palige K, Linde J, Martin R, et al. Global transcriptome sequencing identifies chlamydospore specific markers in candida albicans and candida dubliniensis. Plos One. 2013;8(4):e61940.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young ME, Karpova TS, Brügger B, et al. The Sur7p family defines novel cortical domains in saccharomyces cerevisiae, affects sphingolipid metabolism, and is involved in sporulation. Mol Cell Biol. 2002;22(3):927–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez FJ, Douglas LM, Rosebrock a, et al. The Sur7 protein regulates plasma membrane organization and prevents intracellular cell wall growth in candida albicans. Mol Biol Cell. 2008;19(12):5214–5225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grove J, Hu K, Farquhar MJ, et al. A new panel of epitope mapped monoclonal antibodies recognising the prototypical tetraspanin CD81. Wellcome Open Res. 2017;2:82.
   Google Scholar
• Cook GA, Longhurst CM, Grgurevich S, et al. Identification of CD9 extracellular domains important in regulation of CHO cell adhesion to fibronectin and fibronectin pericellular matrix assembly. Blood. 2002;100(13):4502–4511.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim T-K, Park CS, Jeoung MH, et al. Generation of a human antibody that inhibits tspan8-mediated invasion of metastatic colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015;468(4):774–780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saint-Pol J, Billard M, Dornier E, et al. New insights into the tetraspanin tspan5 using novel monoclonal antibodies. J Biol Chem. 2017;292(23):9551–9566.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sina AAI, Vaidyanathan R, Dey S, et al. Label free profiling of clinically relevant exosomes. Sci. Rep. 2016;6(1):30460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hildonen S, Skarpen E, Halvorsen TG, et al. Mass spectrometry analysis of urinary extraexosomal proteins. Sci. Rep. 2016;6(1):36331.
   Google Scholar
• García-Sánchez S, Mavor AL, Russell CL, et al. Global roles of Ssn6 in Tup1- and Nrg1-dependent gene regulation in the fungal pathogen, candida albicans. Mol Biol Cell. 2005;16(6):2913–2925.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gola S, Martin R, Walther a, et al. New modules for PCR-based gene targeting in candida albicans: rapid and efficient gene targeting using 100 Bp of flanking homology region. Yeast. 2003;20(16):1339–1347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foderaro JE, Douglas LM, Konopka JB. MCC/eisosomes regulate cell wall synthesis and stress responses in fungi. J Fungi. 2017;3(4):61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Hernandez D, Gutiérrez-Vázquez C, Jorge I, et al. The intracellular interactome of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains reveals their function as sorting machineries toward exosomes. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(17):11649–11661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S-Y, Kim J. Roles of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase lpd1 in candida albicans filamentation. Fungal Genet Biol. 2010;47(9):782–788.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broxton CN, Culotta VC. An adaptation to low copper in candida albicans involving SOD enzymes and the alternative oxidase. Plos One. 2016;11(12):e0168400.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauerova V, Pichova I, Nitrogen Source H-HO. Growth stage of candida albicans influence expression level of vacuolar aspartic protease aprlp and carboxypeptidase cpylp. Can J Microbiol. 2012;58(5):678–681.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Q, Jia C, Dong Y, et al. Candida albicans autophagy, no longer a bystander: its role in tolerance to er stress-related antifungal drugs. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 2017;2:238–249.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez CM, Wallich R, Riesbeck K, et al. Candida albicans uses the surface protein gpm1 to attach to human endothelial cells and to keratinocytes via the adhesive protein vitronectin. Plos One. 2014;9(3):e90796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rida PCG, Nishikawa a, Won GY, et al. Yeast-to-hyphal transition triggers formin-dependent golgi localization to the growing tip in candida albicans. Mol Biol Cell. 2006;17(10):4364–4378.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandini S, Stringaro a, Arancia S, et al. The MP65 gene is required for cell wall integrity, adherence to epithelial cells and biofilm formation in candida albicans. BMC Microbiol. 2011;11(1):106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saporito-Irwin SM, Birse CE, Sypherd PS, et al. PHR1, a PH-regulated gene of candida albicans, is required for morphogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1995;15(2):601–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowal J, Arras G, Colombo M, et al. Proteomic Comparison defines novel markers to characterize heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2016;113(8):E968–E977.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hikita T, Miyata M, Watanabe R, et al. Rapid quantification of exosomes by fusing luciferase to exosome marker proteins. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):14035.
   Google Scholar
• Delandre C, Penabaz TR, Passarelli AL, et al. Mutation of juxtamembrane cysteines in the tetraspanin CD81 affects palmitoylation and alters interaction with other proteins at the cell surface. Exp Cell Res. 2009;315(11):1953–1963.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman B, Kelly B, McMillan BJ, et al. Crystal structure of a full-length human tetraspanin reveals a cholesterol-binding pocket. Cell. 2016;167(4):1041–1051.e11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar