References
- United Nations General Assembly. United Nations Millennium Declaration. A/RES/55/2 ed. New York: United Nations; Available at: http://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.htm 2000.
- United Nations Secretary-General. Road Map Towards the Implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration: Report of the Secretary-General, 2001. New York: United Nations; Available: at http://www.un.org/documents/ga/docs/56/a56326.pdf 2001.
- Onoka CA, Hanson K, Uzochukwu B. Measuring Catastrophic Health Care Expenditures in Nigeria: Implications for Financial Risk Protection. The Consortium for Research on Equitable Health Systems research brief, 2010. 2010. Available at: http://www.crehs.lshtm.ac.uk/downloads/publications/catastrophic_expenditure.pdf.
- WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, The World Bank and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2013. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/112682/2/9789241507226_eng.pdf.
- UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME). Levels and trends in child mortality. 2013. Available at: http://www.childinfo.org/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2013.pdf.
- UNICEF. Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed. 2013. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/publications/index_70354.html.
- Liu L, Johnson HL, Cousens S, Perin J, Scott S, Lawn JE, et al.. Global, regional and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. Lancet. 2012;379:2151–61.
- Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Blossner M, Black RE. Undernutrition as an underlying cause of child deaths associated with diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:193–8.
- Rice AL, Sacco L, Hyder A, Black RE. Malnutrition as an underlying cause of childhood deaths associated with infectious diseases in developing countries. Bull WHO. 2000;78:1207–21.
- Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, et al.. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet. 2008;371:24–60.
- Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Maternal nutrition and birth outcomes: effect of balanced protein-energy supplementation. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012;26(Suppl 1):178–90.
- Abu-Saad KF, Fraser D. Maternal nutrition and birth outcomes. Epidemiol Rev. 2010;32:5–25.
- Kanade AN, Rao S, Kelkar RS, Gupte S. Maternal nutrition and birth size among urban affluent and rural women in India. J Am Coll Nutr. 2008;27:137–45.
- Victora CG, Adair L, Fall C, Hallal PC, Martorell R, Richter L, et al.. Maternal and child undernutrition: consequences for adult health and human capital. Lancet. 2008;371:340–57.
- Ephraim W, Chirwa HN. Determinants of child nutrition in Malawi. S Afr J Econ. 2008;76:628–40.
- Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, Onis MD, et al.. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013;382:427–51.
- National Institute of Population Studies. Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. 1990–91. Available at: http://www.dhsprogram.com/Where-We-Work/Country-Main.cfm?ct.
- National Institute of Population Studies. Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. 2006–07. Available at: http://www.dhsprogram.com/Where-We-Work/Country-Main.cfm?ct.
- National Institute of Population Studies. Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. 2012–13. Available at: http://www.dhsprogram.com/Where-We-Work/Country-Main.cfm?ct.
- Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan. National Nutrition Survey. 2001–02. Available at http://pakresponse.info/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Ao4s-rwdFVI%3D&tabid=117&mid=752.
- Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan and UNICEF. National Nutrition Survey. 2011. Available at: http://pakresponse.info/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Ao4srwdFVI%3D&tabid=117&mid=752.
- United Nations. Millennium Development Goals Indicators. Available at: http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Data.aspx.
- National Institute of Population Studies. Population Projections. 2014. Available at: http://www.nips.org.pk/news_detail.php?news=MjE.
- Sathar ZA. Family planning: a missing priority in Pakistan’s health sector? Lancet. 2013;381:2140–1.
- Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan. Pakistan Millennium Development Goals. 2013. Available at: http://www.undp.org/content/dam/pakistan/docs/MDGs/MDG2013Report/UNDP-Report13.pdf.
- World Health Organization/UNICEF. Accountability for Maternal, Newborn and Child Survival – The 2013 Update. Countdown to 2015, Maternal, Newborn and Child Survival. Available at: www.countdown2015mnch.org.
- Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan. Pakistan Millennium Development Goals Report. 2010. Available at: http://www.commonwealthfoundation.com/sites/cwf/files/downloads/MDG%20Reports%20Pakistan_FINAL_1.pdf.
- Beaton GH, Martorell R, Aronson KJ, Edmonston B, McCabe G, Ross AC, et al.. Effectiveness of Vitamin A Supplementation in the Control of Young Child Morbidity and Mortality in Developing Countries. ACC/SCN State-of the-Art Series, Nutrition Policy Paper No. 13, 1993. Available at http://www.unscn.org/layout/modules/resources/files/Policy_paper_No_13.pdf.
- Cheah WL, Muda WA, Zamh ZH. A structural equation model of the determinants of malnutrition among children in rural Kelantan, Malaysia. Rural Remote Health. 2010;10:1248. Available at: http://www.rrh.org.au.
- Islam MM, Rashid M. Determinants of unintended pregnancy among ever-married women in Bangladesh. J Fam Welf. 2004;50:40–7.
- Arifeen S, Black RE, Antelman G, Baqui A, Caulfield L, Becker S. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces acute respiratory infection and diarrhea deaths among infants in Dhaka slums. Pediatrics. 2001;108:E67.
- Bhandari N, Bahl R, Mazumdar S, Martines J, Black RE, Bhan MK. Effect of community-based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding on diarrhoeal illness and growth: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:1418–23.
- Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, et al.. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? Lancet. 2013;382:452–77.
- Ruel MT, Menon P. Child feeding practices are associated with child nutritional status in Latin America: innovative uses of the demographic and health surveys. J Nutr. 2002;132:1180–7.
- Arimond M, Ruel MT. Dietary diversity is associated with child nutritional status: evidence from 11 demographic and health surveys. J Nutr. 2004;134:2579–85.
- Marriott BP, White A, Hadden L, Davies JC, Wallingford JC. World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators: associations with growth measures in 14 low-income countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8:354–70.
- Dyson L, McCormick F, Renfrew MJ. Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;:CD001688.
- World Health Organization. Meeting Report. Informal Meeting to Review and Develop Indicators for Complementary Feeding. Washington, DC: WHO, 2002.
- Brenzel L, Wolfson LJ, Fox-Rushby J, Miller M, Halsey N. Vaccine-preventable diseases. In: Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, Claeson M, Evans DB, et al.., eds. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edn. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006; pp. 389–412.
- Jones G, Steketee RW, Black RE, Bhutta ZA, Morris SS. How many child deaths can we prevent this year? Lancet. 2003;362:65–71.
- World Health Organization. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: Monitoring System. Available at: http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/globalsummary/schedules.
- Cairncross S, Hunt C, Boisson S, Bostoen K, Curtis V, Fung IC, et al.. Water, sanitation and hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoea. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(Suppl 1):i193–205.
- Bhutta ZA, Hafeez A, Rizvi A, Ali N, Khan A, Ahmad F, et al.. Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in Pakistan: challenges and opportunities. Lancet. 2013;381:2207–18.