Hospital-acquired infections in paediatric medical wards at a tertiary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

References

• Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CL, et al. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002. Public Health Rep. 2007;122:160–166.10.1177/003335490712200205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magill SS, Edwards JR, Bamberg W, et al. Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care – associated infections. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1198–1208.10.1056/NEJMoa1306801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Al-Abdely HM, El-Kholy AA, et al. International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010–2015: device-associated module. Am J Infect Control. 2016;44:1495–1504.10.1016/j.ajic.2016.08.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudeck MA, Edwards JR, Allen-Bridson K, et al. National Healthcare Safety Network report, data summary for 2013, device-associated module. Am J Infect Control. 2015;43:206–221.10.1016/j.ajic.2014.11.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Lynch P, Jarvis WR, et al. Socioeconomic impact on device-associated infections in limited-resource neonatal intensive care units: findings of the INICC. Infection. 2011;39:439–450.10.1007/s15010-011-0136-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Jarvis WR, Jamulitrat S, et al. Socioeconomic impact on device-associated infections in pediatric intensive care units of 16 limited-resource countries: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13:399–406.10.1097/PCC.0b013e318238b260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuellar LE, Fernandez-Maldonado E, Rosenthal VD, et al. Device-associated infection rates and mortality in intensive care units of Peruvian hospitals: findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2008;24:16–24.10.1590/S1020-49892008000700002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu B, Tao L, Rosenthal VD, et al. Device-associated infection rates, device use, length of stay, and mortality in intensive care units of 4 Chinese hospitals: International Nosocomial Control Consortium findings. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41:301–306.10.1016/j.ajic.2012.03.037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rai V, Yuet-Meng C, Rosenthal VD, et al. Device-associated infection and mortality rates, bacterial resistance, and length of stay in hospitals of Malaysia: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC)’s findings. Can J Infect Control. 2016;31:107–112.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Guzman S, Migone O, et al. The attributable cost, length of hospital stay, and mortality of central line-associated bloodstream infection in intensive care departments in Argentina: a prospective, matched analysis. Am J Infect Control. 2003;31:475–480.10.1016/j.ajic.2003.03.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higuera F, Rangel-Frausto MS, Rosenthal VD, et al. Attributable cost and length of stay for patients with central venous catheter – associated bloodstream infection in Mexico city Intensive Care Units a prospective, matched analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28:31–35.10.1086/510812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothe C, Schlaich C, Thompson S. Healthcare-associated infections in sub-Saharan Africa. J Hosp Infect. 2013;85:257–267.10.1016/j.jhin.2013.09.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durlach R, McIlvenny G, Newcombe RG, et al. Prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections in Argentina; comparison with England, Wales, Northern Ireland and South Africa. J Hosp Infect. 2012;80:217–223.10.1016/j.jhin.2011.12.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowman W. Active surveillance of hospital-acquired infections in South Africa: implementation, impact and challenges. S Afr Med J. 2016;106:489–493.10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i5.10783
   Google Scholar
• Hajdu A, Samodova OV, Carlsson TR, et al. A point prevalence survey of hospital-acquired infections and antimicrobial use in a paediatric hospital in north-western Russia. J Hosp Infect. 2007;66:378–384.10.1016/j.jhin.2007.04.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutledge-Taylor K, Matlow A, Gravel D, et al. A point prevalence survey of health care-associated infections in Canadian pediatric inpatients. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40:491–496.10.1016/j.ajic.2011.08.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoesser N, Emary K, Soklin S, et al. The value of intermittent point-prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections for evaluating infection control interventions at Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2013;107:248–253.10.1093/trstmh/trt005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ang L, Laskar R, Gray JW. A point prevalence study of infection and antimicrobial use at a UK children’s hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2008;68:372–374.10.1016/j.jhin.2008.01.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dramowski A, Madide A, Bekker A. Neonatal nosocomial bloodstream infections at a referral hospital in a middle-income country: burden, pathogens, antimicrobial resistance and mortality. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2015;35:265–272.10.1179/2046905515Y.0000000029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dramowski A, Whitelaw A, Cotton MF. Burden, spectrum, and impact of healthcare-associated infection at a South African children’s hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2016;94:364–372.10.1016/j.jhin.2016.08.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archary M, Adler H, La Russa P, et al. Bacterial infections in HIV-infected children admitted with severe acute malnutrition in Durban, South Africa. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2016:1–8 [ Epub ahead of print]. 10.1080/20469047.2016.1198561
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gravel D, Matlow A, Ofner-Agostini M, et al. A point prevalence survey of health care-associated infections in pediatric populations in major Canadian acute care hospitals. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35:157–162.10.1016/j.ajic.2006.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee SN, Grohskopf LA, Sinkowitz-Cochran RL, et al. Incidence of pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit–acquired infections. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2006;27:561–570.10.1086/503337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becerra MR, Tantaleán JA, Suárez VJ, et al. Epidemiologic surveillance of nosocomial infections in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a developing country. BMC Pediatr. 2010;10:260.10.1186/1471-2431-10-66
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porto JP, Mantese OC, Arantes A, et al. Nosocomial infections in a pediatric intensive care unit of a developing country: NHSN surveillance. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012;45:475–479.10.1590/S0037-86822012005000003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dramowski A, Cotton MF, Rabie H, et al. Trends in paediatric bloodstream infections at a South African referral hospital. BMC Pediatr. 2015;15:417.10.1186/s12887-015-0354-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiller A, Salm F, Bischoff P, et al. Relationship between hospital ward design and healthcare-associated infection rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2016;5:1151.10.1186/s13756-016-0152-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Ramachandran B, Villamil-Gómez W, et al. Impact of a multidimensional infection control strategy on central line-associated bloodstream infection rates in pediatric intensive care units of five developing countries: findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC). Infection 2012;40:415–423.10.1007/s15010-012-0246-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal VD, Álvarez-Moreno C, Villamil-Gómez W, et al. Effectiveness of a multidimensional approach to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatric intensive care units of 5 developing countries: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40:497–501.10.1016/j.ajic.2011.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar