A Circum-Pacific Perspective on the Origin of Stemmed Points in North America

References

• Abramova, Z. A. 1979. “O Vozraste Paleolita Aldana.” Sovetskaia Arkheologiia 4: 5–14.
   Google Scholar
• Abramova, Z. A. 1989. “Paleolit Severnoi Azii.” In Paleolit Kavkaza i Severnoi Azii, edited by P. I. Boriskovsky, 143–243. Leningrad: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Ackerman, Robert E. 1996a. “Early Maritime Culture Complexes of the Northern Northwest Coast.” In Early Human Occupation in British Columbia, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Luke Della Bonna, 123–137. Vancouver: UBC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ackerman, Robert E. 1996b. “Ground Hog Bay, Site 2.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 424–430. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ackerman, Robert E. 2011. “Microblade Assemblages in Southwestern Alaska: An Early Holocene Adaptation.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblage Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 255–269. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Adachi, Noboru, Ken-ichi Shinoda, and Masami Izuho. 2015. “Further Analyses of Hokkaido Jomon Mitochondrial DNA.” In Emergence and Diversity of Modern Human Behavior in Paleolithic Asia, edited by Yousuke Kaifu, Masami Izuho, Ted Goebel, Hiroyuki Sato, and Akira Ono, 406–417. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Adachi, Noboru, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Kazuho Umestsu, Takashi Kitano, Hirofumi Matsumura, Ryuzo Fujiyama, Junmei Sawada, and Masashi Tanaka. 2011. “Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Hokkaido Jomon Skeletons: Remnants of Archaic Maternal Lineages at the Southwestern Edge of Former Beringia.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 146 (3): 346–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, Kenneth D., Ted Goebel, Kelly Graf, Geoffrey M. Smith, Anna J. Camp, Richard W. Briggs, and David Rhode. 2008. “Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Lake-Level Fluctuations in the Lahontan Basin, Nevada: Implications for the Distribution of Archaeological Sites.” Geoarchaeology 23 (5): 608–643.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aigner, Jean S. 1976. “Dating the Early Holocene Maritime Village of Anangula.” Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 18 (1): 51–62.
   Google Scholar
• Aigner, Jean S. 1978. Lithic Remains from Anangula, an 8,500 Year Old Aleut Coastal Village. Urgeschichtliche Materialhefte No. 3. Tübingen: Verlag Archaeologica Venatoria, Institut für Urgeschichte de Universität Tübingen.
   Google Scholar
• Aikens, C. Melvin, and Takayasu Higuchi. 1982. Prehistory of Japan. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Akimova, Elena, Ivan Stasyuk, Vladimir Harevich, Aleksandr Motuzko, Stanislav Laukhin, and Lubov Orlova. 2010. “The Late Paleolith Study of the Derbina Bay (Krasnoyarsk Reservoir, Siberia).” In Quaternary Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Southern Russia: Connections between Europe, Africa and Asia, edited by V. V. Titov and A. S. Tesakov, 14–18. Abstract Volume. Rastov-on-Don: Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Southern Scientific Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Ames, Kenneth M., and Herbert D. G. Maschner. 1999. Peoples of the Northwest Coast: Their Archaeology and Prehistory. New York: Thames & Hudson.
   Google Scholar
• Amick, Daniel S. 2004. “A Possible Ritual Cache of Great Basin Stemmed Bifaces from the Terminal Pleistocene-Early Holocene Occupation of NW Nevada, USA.” Lithic Technology 29 (2): 119–145.
   Google Scholar
• Amsden, C. A. 1937. “The Lake Mohave Artifacts.” In Archaeology of Pleistocene Lake Mohave: A Symposium, edited by Elizabeth W. Campbell and William H. Campbell, 51–98. Southwest Museum Papers No. 11. Los Angeles, CA: Southwest Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Andrefsky Jr, William. 1994. “Raw Material Availability and the Organization of Technology.” American Antiquity 59 (1): 21–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri, Joseph A. 1937. “Technique of the Implements from Lake Mohave.” In The Archaeology of Pleistocene Lake Mohave: A Symposium, edited by Elizabeth W. Campbell and WIlliam H. Campbell, 99–107. Southwest Museum Papers No. 11. Los Angeles, CA: Southwest Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Basgall, Mark E. 1993. “Early Holocene Prehistory of the North-central Mojave Desert.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, and George T. Jones. 1990. “Toolstone Selection and Lithic Technology in Early Great Basin Prehistory.” Journal of Field Archaeology 17: 283–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, and George T. Jones. 1997. “The Terminal Pleistocene/Early Holocene Archaeology of the Great Basin.” Journal of World Prehistory 11 (2): 161–236.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, and George T. Jones. 2009. The Archaeology of the Eastern Nevada Paleoarchaic, Part I: The Sunshine Locality. University of Utah Anthropological Papers, No. 126. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, and George T. Jones. 2010. “Clovis and Western Stemmed: Population Migration and the Meeting of Two Technologies in the Intermountain West.” American Antiquity 75 (1): 81–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, and George T. Jones. 2015. “Lithic Analysis.” In The Paleoarchaic Occupation of the Old River Bed, edited by David B. Madsen, Dave N. Schmitt, and David Page, 97–208. University of Utah Anthropological Papers No. 128. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, George T. Jones, Dennis L. Jenkins, Craig E. Skinner, and J. J. Thatcher. 2004. “Fluted or Basally-Thinned? Re-Examination of a Lanceolate Point from the Connley Caves in the Fort Rock Basin.” University of Oregon Anthropological Papers 62: 281–294.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, Charlotte, Amanda Taylor, George T. Jones, Cynthia Fadem, Caitlyn Cook, and Sara Millward. 2002. “Rocks are Heavy: Transport Costs and Paleoarchaic Quarry Behavior in the Great Basin.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 21: 481–507.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson, Larry V., Eugene M. Hattori, John Southon, and Ben Aleck. 2013. “Dating North America’s Oldest Petroglyphs, Winnemucca Lake Subbasin, Nevada.” Journal of Archaeological Science 40: 4466–4476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binford, Lewis R. 1977. “Forty-Seven Trips.” In Stone Tools as Cultural Markers, edited by R. V. S. Wright, 24–36. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Binford, Lewis R. 1979. “Organization and Formation Processes: Looking at Curated Technologies.” Journal of Anthropological Research 35 (3): 255–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binford, Lewis R. 1980. “Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails: Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation.” American Antiquity 45 (1): 1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binford, Lewis R. 2001. Constructing Frames of Reference: An Analytical Method for Theory Building Using Ethnographic and Environmental Data Sets. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boëda, Eric. 1993. “Le debitage discoïde et le debitage Levallois recurrent centripède.” Bulletin de la Socièté préhistorique française 90 (6): 392–404.
   Google Scholar
• Boëda, Eric. 1995. “Levallois: A Volumetric Construction, Methods, a Technique.” In The Definition and Interpretation of Levallois Technology, edited by Harold L. Dibble and Ofer Bar-Yosef, 41–68. Monographs in World Archaeology No. 23. Madison, WI: Prehistory Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bonstead, Leah M. 2001. “The Nials Site: An Early Holocene Occupation in the Harney Basin, Oregon.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Bordes, Francois. 1961. Typologie du Paleolithique Ancien et Moyen. Paris: CNRS.
   Google Scholar
• Bradley, Bruce, Michael B. Collins, and Andrew Hemmings. 2010. Clovis Technology. Archaeological Series 17. Ann Arbor, MI: International Monographs in Prehistory.
   Google Scholar
• Bradley, Bruce, and Dennis Stanford. 2004. “The North Atlantic Ice-Edge Corridor: A Possible Palaeolithic Route to the New World.” World Archaeology 36 (4): 459–478.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braje, Todd J., Tom D. Dillehay, Jon M. Erlandson, Richard G. Klein, and Torben C. Rick. 2017. “Finding the First Americans.” Science 358: 592–594.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braje, Todd J., and Jon M. Erlandson. 2008. “Early Maritime Technology from Western San Miguel Island, California.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 25: 61–63.
   Google Scholar
• Braje, T. J., J. M. Erlandson, T. C. Rick, L. Davis, T. Dillehay, D. W. Fedje, D. Froese, et al. 2019. “Fladmark+ 40: What Have We Learned about a Potential Coast Peopling of the Americas?” American Antiquity. doi:10.1017/aaq.2019.80.
   Google Scholar
• Brandini, Stefania, Paola Bergamaschi, Marco Fernando Cerna, Francesca Gandini, Francesca Bastaroli, Emilie Bertolini, Cristina Cereda, et al. 2018. “The Paleo-Indian Entry into South America According to Mitogenomes.” Molecular Biology and Evolution 35 (2): 299–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan, Alan L. 1979. “Smith Creek Cave.” In The Archaeology of Smith Creek Canyon, Eastern Nevada, edited by Donald R. Tuohy and D. Rendall, 164–251. Anthropological Papers No. 17. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Bryan, Alan L. 1980. “The Stemmed Point Tradition: An Early Technological Tradition in Western North America.” In Anthropological Papers in Memory of Early H. Swanson Jr, edited by Lucille B. Harten, Claude N. Warren, and Donald R. Tuohy, 77–107. Special Publication of the Idaho Museum of Natural History. Pocatello: The Idaho Museum of Natural History.
   Google Scholar
• Bryan, Alan L. 1988. “The Relationship of the Stemmed Point and Fluted Point Traditions in the Great Basin.” In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface, edited by Judith A. Willig, C. Melvin Aikens, and John L. Fagan, 53–74. Anthropological Papers No. 21. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Buchanan, Briggs, and Mark Collard. 2007. “Investigating the Peopling of North America through Cladistic Analyses of Early Paleoindian Projectile Points.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 26: 366–393.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burmeister, Stefan. 2000. “Archaeology and Migration: Approaches to an Archaeological Proof of Migration.” Current Anthropology 41 (4): 539–567.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, B. Robert. 1965. “A Report on Investigations of an Early Man Site near Lake Channel, Southern Idaho.” Tebiwa 8: 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Cannon, William J., and Mary J. Ricks. 1986. “The Lake County Rock Art Inventory: Implications for Prehistoric Settlement and Land Use Patterns.” In Contributions to the Archaeology of Oregon 1983–1986, Vol. 3, edited by Kenneth M. Ames, 1–23. Salem: Association of Oregon Archaeologists Occasional Papers.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, Roy L. 1996. “Early Namu.” In Early Human Occupation in British Columbia, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Luke Dalla Bona, 83–102. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, Roy L. 2008. “Projectile Points from the Central and Northern Mainland Coast of British Columbia.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 61–78. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, Risa J., and James F. Baichtal. 2015. “A Predictive Model for Locating Early Holocene Archaeological Sites Based on Raised Shell-Bearing Strata in Southeast Alaska, USA.” Geoarchaeology 30 (2): 120–138.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, Jeffery J. 2001. Tracking Prehistoric Migrations: Pueblo Settlers among the Tonto Basin Hohokam. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona No. 65. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Close, A. E. 1989. “Identifying Style in Stone Artefacts: A Case Study from the Nile Valley.” In Alternative Approaches to Lithic Analysis, edited by D. O. Henry and G. H. Odell, 3–26. Arlington: Archaeological Papers 1, American Anthropological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Connolly, Thomas J., and Denis L. Jenkins. 1999. “The Paulina Lake Site (35DS34).” In Newberry Crater: A Ten-Thousand-Year Record of Human Occupation and Environmental Change in the Basin-Plateau Borderlands, edited by Thomas J. Connolly, 86–127. University of Utah Anthropological Papers No. 121. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Coutouly, Yan Axel Gómez. 2012. “Industries Lithiques à Composante Lamellaire par Pression du Nord Pacifique de la Fin du Pléistocène au Début de l’Holocène: de la Diffusion d’Une Technique en Extrême-Orient au Peuplement Initial du Nouveau Monde.” PhD diss., Université Paris Ouest, Nanterre, France.
   Google Scholar
• Coutouly, Yan Axel Gómez, and Charles E. Holmes. 2018. “The Microblade Industry from Swan Point Cultural Zone 4b: Technological and Cultural Implications from the Earliest Human Occupation in Alaska.” American Antiquity 83 (4): 735–752.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dansie, Amy J., and William Jerry Jerrems. 2004. “Lahontan Chronology and Early Human Occupation in the Western Great Basin: A New Look at Old Collections.” In New Perspectives on the First Americans, edited by Bradley T. Lepper and Robson Bonnichsen, 55–63. College Station, TX: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Oregon State University.
   Google Scholar
• Daugherty, Richard D. 1956. “Archaeology of the Lind Coulee Site, Washington.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 100 (3): 223–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, Stanley D. 1989. The Hidden Falls Site: Baranof Island, Alaska. Anchorage: Aurora, Alaska Anthropological Association Monograph Series No. 5.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, Stanley D. 1996. “Hidden Falls.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 413–424. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, Loren G., David B. Madson, Lorena Becerra-Valdivia, Thomas Higham, David A. Sisson, Sarah M. Skinner, Daniel Stueber, et al. 2019. “Late Upper Paleolithic Occupation at Cooper’s Ferry, Idaho, USA, ∼ 16,000 Years Ago.” Science 365: 891–897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, Loren G., Alex J. Nyers, and Samuel C. Willis. 2014. “Context, Provenance and Technology of a Western Stemmed Tradition Artifact Cache from the Cooper’s Ferry Site, Idaho.” American Antiquity 79: 596–615.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, Loren G., and Samuel C. Willis. 2011. “Technology, Mobility, and Adaptation among Early Foragers of the Southern Northwest Coast: The View from Indian Sands, Southern Oregon Coast, USA.” In Trekking the Shore: Changing Coastlines and the Antiquity of Coastal Settlement, edited by Nuno F. Bicho, Jonathan A. Haws, and Loren G. Davis, 137–160. New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, Loren G., and Samuel C. Willis. 2018. “The ‘Levallois-Like’ Technological System of the Western Stemmed Tradition: A Case of Convergent Evolution in Early North American Prehistory.” In Convergent Evolution in Stone-Tool Technology, edited by Michael J. O’Brien, Briggs Buchanan, and Metin I. Eren, 253–274. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, Loren G., Samuel C. Willis, and Shane J. MacFarlan. 2012. “Lithic Technology, Cultural Transmission, and the Nature of the Far Western Paleoarchaic/Paleoindian Co-Tradition.” In Meeting at the Margins, edited by David Rhode, 47–64. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• de Laguna, Frederica, Francis A. Riddell, Donald F. McGeein, Kenneth S. Lane, and J. Arthur Freed. 1964. Archaeology of the Yakutat Bay Area, Alaska. Smithsonian Institution Bureau of Ethnology Bulletin 192. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Derev’anko, Anatoliy P. (ed.). 1998. The Paleolithic of Siberia: New Discoveries and Interpretations, edited by Demitri B. Shimkin and W. Roger Powers, translated by Inna P. Laricheva. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Derevianko, Anatoly P., and Vitaly E. Medvedev. 2006. “Neolithic of the Nizhnee Priamurye (Lower Amur River Basin).” In Archaeology of the Russian Far East: Essays in Stone Age Prehistory, edited by Sarah M. Nelson, Anatoly P. Derevianko, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, and Richard L. Bland, 123–150. BAR International Series 1540. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Derevianko, Anatoly P., and Andrei V. Tabarev. 2006. “Palaeolithic of the Primorye (Maritime) Province.” In Archaeology of the Russian Far East: Essays in Stone Age Prehistory, edited by Sarah M. Nelson, Anatoly P. Derevianko, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, and Richard L. Bland, 41–55. BAR International Series 1540. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Derevianko, A. P., P. V. Volkov, and Kh.-D. Lu. 1998. Selemdzhinskaia Pozdnepaleoliticheskaia Kul’tura. Novosibirsk: Izdatelst’vo Instituta Arkheologii i Etnografii SO RAN.
   Google Scholar
• Derevianko, A. P., and V. N. Zenin. 1995. Paleolit Selemdzhi. Novosibirsk: Izdatelst’vo Instituta Arkheologii i Etnografii SO RAN.
   Google Scholar
• Derevianko, Anatoly P., Vasily N. Zenin, and Igor Y. Shewkomud. 2006. “Palaeolithic of the Priamurye (Amur River Basin).” In Archaeology of the Russian Far East: Essays in Stone Age Prehistory, edited by Sarah M. Nelson, Anatoly P. Derevianko, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, and Richard L. Bland, 55–74. BAR International Series 1540. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• D’iakov, V. I. 2000. Primor’e v Rannem Golotsene (Mezoliticheskoe Poselenie Ustinovka-IV). Vladivostok: Dal’nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Dikov, N. N. 1977. Arkheologicheskie Pamiatniki Kamchatki, Chukotki i Verkhnei Kolymy. Moscow: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Dikov, N. N. 1979. Drevnie Kul’tury Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Moscow: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Dillehay, T. D., C. Ocampo, J. Saavedra, A. O. Sawakuchi, R. M. Vega, M. Pino, M. B. Collins, et al. 2015. “New Archaeological Evidence for an Early Human Presence at Monte Verde, Chile.” PLoS One 10 (11): e041923.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon, E. James. 1985. “Cultural Chronology for Central Interior Alaska.” Arctic Anthropology 22 (1): 47–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon, E. James. 2008. “Bifaces from On Your Knees Cave, Southeast Alaska.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 11–18. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Duke, Daron. 2011. “If the Desert Blooms: A Technological Perspective on Paleoindian Ecology in the Great Basin from the Old River Bed, Utah.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Duke, Daron. 2015. “Haskett Spear Weaponry and Protein-Residue Evidence of Proboscidean Hunting in the Great Salt Lake Desert, Utah.” PaleoAmerica 1 (1): 109–112.
   Google Scholar
• Dumond, Don E. 1984. “Prehistory of the Bering Sea Region.” In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 5, Arctic, edited by David Damas, 94–105. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.
   Google Scholar
• Dumond, Don E. 1998. “The Archaeology of Migrations: Following the Fainter Footprints.” Arctic Anthropology 35 (2): 59–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyke, Arthur S. 2004. “An Outline of North America Deglaciation with Emphasis on Central and Northern Canada.” In Developments in Quaternary Sciences, Quaternary Glaciations-Extent and Chronology, Part II: North America, edited by J. Ehlers and P. L. Gibbard, 373–424. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Easton, Norman Alexander, and Glen MacKay. 2008. “Early Bifaces from the Little John Site (KdVo-6), Yukon Territory, Canada.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 321–332. Burnaby: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Egan, Joanne, Richard Staff, and Jeff Blackford. 2015. “A Revised Age Estimate of the Holocene Plinian Eruption of Mount Mazama, Oregon Using Bayesian Statistical Modelling.” The Holocene 25 (7): 1054–1067.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M. 2005. “An Early Holocene Eccentric Crescent from Daisey Cave, San Miguel Island, California.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 21: 45–47.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M. 2010. “Ancient Immigrants: Archaeology and Maritime Migrations.” In Migration History in World History, edited by Jan Lucassen, Leo Lucassen, and Patrick Manning, 187–212. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M. 2011. “In Search of a White Bear: An Eccentric Crescent from Sudden Ranch (CA-SBA-208), Northern Santa Barbara County, California.” Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 31 (2): 194–201.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M. 2013. “Channel Island Amol Points: A Stemmed Paleocoastal Type from Santarosae Island, Alta California.” California Archaeology 5 (1): 105–121.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., and Todd J. Braje. 2007. “Early Maritime Technology on California’s San Miguel Island: Arena Points from CA-SMI-575-NE.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 24: 85–86.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., and Todd J. Braje. 2011. “From Asia to the Americas by Boat? Paleogeography, Paleoecology, and Stemmed Points of the Northwest Pacific.” Quaternary International 239: 28–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., Todd J. Braje, and Kristina M. Gill. 2019. “A Paleocoastal Site Complex from Santarosae Island, California.” PaleoAmerica 5 (3). doi:10.1080/20555563.2019.1653157.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., Todd J. Braje, Torben C. Rick, and Jenna Peterson. 2005. “Beads, Bifaces, and Boats: An Early Maritime Adaptation on the South Coast of San Miguel Island, California.” American Anthropologist 107 (4): 677–683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., Kristina M. Gill, Michael A. Glassow, and Amy E. Gusick. 2016. “Three Paleocoastal Lithic Sites on Santa Cruz Island, California.” PaleoAmerica 2 (1): 52–55.
   Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., and Nicholas Jew. 2009. “An Early Maritime Biface Technology at Daisy Cave, San Miguel Island, California: Reflections on Sample Size, Site Function, and Other Issues.” North American Archaeologist 30 (2): 145–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, John M., Douglas J. Kennett, Brendon J. Culleton, Ted Goebel, G. C. Nelson, and Craig Skinner. 2014. “Eyed Bone Needles from a Younger Dryas Paleoindian Component at Tule Lake Rock Shelter, Northern California.” American Antiquity 79 (4): 776–781.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, Jon M., Madonna L. Moss, and Matthew Des Lauriers. 2008. “Life on the Edge: Early Maritime Cultures of the Pacific Coast of North America.” Quaternary Science Reviews 27 (23–24): 2232–2245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandson, J. M., T. C. Rick, T. J. Braje, M. Casperson, T. Garcia, D. A. Guthrie, N. P. Jew, et al. 2011. “Paleoindian Seafaring, Shell Middens, and Maritime Technologies on California’s Northern Channel Islands.” Science 331: 1181–1185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fagan, John L. 1988. “Clovis and Western Pluvial Lakes Tradition Lithic Technologies at the Dietz Site in South-Central Oregon.” In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface, edited by Judith A. Willig, C. Melvin Aikens, and John L. Fagan, 389–416. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers No. 21. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Fedje, D. W., and T. Christensen. 1999. “Modelling Paleoshorelines and Locating Early Holocene Coastal Sites in Haida Gwaii.” American Antiquity 64: 635–652.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fedje, D., Q. Mackie, D. McLaren, and T. Christensen. 2008. “A Projectile Point Sequence for Haida Gwaii.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 19–40. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Fedje, Daryl, Quentin Mackie, Nicole Smith, and Duncan McLaren. 2011. “Function, Visibility, and Interpretation of Archaeological Assemblages at the Pleistocene/Holocene Transition in Haida Gwaii.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblage Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 323–342. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fedje, Daryl, Duncan McLaren, Thomas S. James, Quentin Mackie, Nicole F. Smith, John R. Southon, and Alexander P. Mackie. 2018. “A Revised Sea Level History for the Northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada.” Quaternary Science Reviews 192: 300–316.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flenniken, Jeffrey J. 1985. “Stone Tool Reduction Techniques as Cultural Markers.” In Stone Tool Analysis: Essays in Honor of Don E. Crabtree, edited by Mark G. Plew, James C. Woods, and Max G. Pavesic, 91–132. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
   Google Scholar
• Friesen, T. Max, and Charles D. Arnold. 2008. “The Timing of the Thule Migration: New Dates from the Western Canadian Arctic.” American Antiquity 73 (3): 527–538.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frison, George C. 1968. “Functional Analysis of Certain Chipped Stone Tools.” American Antiquity 33 (2): 149–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frison, George C., and Dennis J. Stanford. 1982. The Agate Basin Site: A Record of the Paleoindian Occupation of the Northwestern High Plains. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Galm, Jerry R., and Stan Gough. 2008. “The Projectile Point/Knife Sample from the Sentinel Gap Site.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 209–220. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, K. 2015. “Ancient Plant Use and the Importance of Geophytes among the Island Chumash of Santa Cruz Island, California.” PhD diss., University of California, Santa Barbara.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, K. 2016. “10,000 Years of Geophyte Use among the Island Chumash of the Northern Channel Islands.” Fremontia 44: 34–38.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, Kristina M., Jon M. Erlandson, Richard E. Hughes, Tom Origer, Alexander K. Rogers, and René L. Vellanoweth. 2019. “Material Conveyance in the Southern California Bight: Obsidian on Alta California’s Channel Islands.” The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology. doi:10.1080/15564894.2019.1570988.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillespie, Jason D. 2007. “Enculturing an Unknown World: Caches and Clovis Landscape Ideology.” Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal Canadien d’Archéologie 31: 171–189.
   Google Scholar
• Glassow, Michael A., Jon M. Erlandson, and Todd J. Braje. 2013. “A Typology of Channel Islands Barbed Points.” Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 33 (2): 185–195.
   Google Scholar
• Glassow, M. A., J. Perry, and P. F. Paige. 2008. The Punta Arena Site and Early and Middle Holocene Cultural Development on Santa Cruz Island, California. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted. 1993. “The Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition in Siberia.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted. 2002. “The ‘Microblade Adaptation’ and Recolonization of Siberia during the Late Upper Paleolithic.” In Thinking Small: Global Perspectives on Microlithization, edited by Robert G. Elston and Steven L. Kuhn, 117–131. Arlington: Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association No. 12.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted. 2004. “The Search for a Clovis Progenitor in Subarctic Siberia.” In Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia before the Last Glacial Maximum, edited by D. B. Madsen, 311–356. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted. 2007. “Pre-Archaic and Early Archaic at Bonneville Estates Rockshelter: A First Look at the Lithic Artifact Record.” In Paleoindian or Paleoarchaic? Great Basin Human Ecology at the Pleistocene Transition, edited by Kelly E. Graf and Dave N. Schmitt, 156–184. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, and Ian Buvit. 1997. “Late Paleoindian Stemmed Point Variability in the Northern Great Basin.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for California Archaeology, Santa Rosa, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, Bryan Hockett, Kenneth D. Adams, David Rhode, and Kelly E. Graf. 2011. “Climate, Environment, and Humans in North America’s Great Basin during the Younger Dryas, 12,900–11,600 Calendar Years Ago.” Quaternary International 242 (2): 479–501.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, and Joshua L. Keene. 2014. “Are Great Basin Stemmed Points as Old as Clovis in the Intermountain West? A Review of the Geochronological Evidence.” In Archaeology for All Times: Papers in Honor of Don D. Fowler, edited by Joel Janetski and Nancy Parezo, 35–60. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, and Ben A. Potter. 2016. “First Traces: Late Pleistocene Human Settlement of the Arctic.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic, edited by T. Max Friesen and Owen K. Mason, 223–252. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, Roger Powers, and Nancy Bigelow. 1991. “The Nenana Complex of Alaska and Clovis Origins.” In Clovis Origins and Adaptations, edited by Robson Bonnichsen and Karen L. Turnmire, 49–79. Corvallis: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Oregon State University.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, W. Roger Powers, Nancy H. Bigelow, and Andrew S. Higgs. 1996. “Walker Road.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 356–362. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, and Sergei B. Slobodin. 1999. “The Colonization of Western Beringia: Technology, Ecology, and Adaptations.” In Ice Age Peoples of North America: Environments, Origins, and Adaptations of the First Americans, edited by Robson Bonnichsen and Karen L. Turnmire, 104–155. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, Sergei B. Slobodin, and Michael R. Waters. 2010. “New Dates from Ushki-1, Kamchakta, Confirm 13,000 cal BP Age for Earliest Paleolithic Occupation.” Journal of Archaeological Science 37: 2640–2649.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goebel, T., H. L. Smith, L. DiPietro, M. R. Waters, B. Hockett, K. E. Graf, R. Gal, et al. 2013. “Serpentine Hot Springs, Alaska: Results of Excavations and Implications for the Age and Significance of Northern Fluted Points.” Journal of Archaeological Science 40: 4222–4233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goebel, Ted, Michael R. Waters, and Margarita Dikova. 2003. “The Archaeology of Ushki Lake, Kamchatka, and the Pleistocene Peopling of the Americas.” Science 301: 501–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodyear, Alan C. 1993. “Tool Kit Entropy and Bipolar Reduction A Study of Interassemblage Lithic Variability among Paleo-Indian Sites in the Northeastern United States.” North American Archaeologist 14: 1–23.
   Google Scholar
• Gore, Angela K., and Kelly E. Graf. 2018. “Technology and Human Response to Environmental Change at the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary in Eastern Beringia: A View from Owl Ridge, Central Alaska.” In Lithic Technological Organization and Paleoenvironmental Change, edited by E. Robinson and F. Sellet, 203–234. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Gough, Stan, and Jerry R. Galm. 2003. “Bone Technology at the Sentinel Gap Site.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 19: 27–29.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, Kelly E. 2001. “Paleoindian Technological Provisioning in the Western Great Basin.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, Kelly E. 2008. “Uncharted Territory: Late Pleistocene Hunter-gatherer Dispersals in the Siberian Mammoth-steppe.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, Kelly E. 2011. “On Late Upper Paleolithic Variability in South-Central Siberia: Rethinking the Afontova and Kokorevo Cultures.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblage Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 33–46. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, Kelly E., and Nancy H. Bigelow. 2011. “Human Response to Climate during the Younger Dryas Chronozone in Central Alaska.” Quaternary International 242: 434–451.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf, Kelly E., Lyndsay M. DiPietro, Kathryn E. Krasinski, Angela K. Gore, Heather L. Smith, Brendan J. Culleton, Douglas J. Kennett, and David Rhode. 2015. “Dry Creek Revisited: New Excavations, Radiocarbon Dates, and Site Formation Inform on the Peopling of Eastern Beringia.” American Antiquity 80 (4): 671–694.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, Thomas J., Bruce Cochran, Todd W. Fenton, James C. Woods, Gene L. Titmus, Larry Tieszen, Mary Anne Davis, and Susanne J. Miller. 1998. “The Buhl Burial: A Paleoindian Woman from Southern Idaho.” American Antiquity 63 (3): 437–456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gusick, Amy E., and Jon M. Erlandson. 2019. “Paleocoastal Landscapes, Marginality, and Early Human Settlement of the California Islands.” In An Archaeology of Abundance: Reevaluating the Marginality of California’s Islands, edited by Kristina M. Gill, Mikael Fauvelle, and Jon M. Erlandson, 59–97. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, Thomas D., and Ted Goebel. 1999. “Late Pleistocene Peopling of Alaska.” In Ice Age Peoples of North America: Environments, Origins, and Adaptations of the First Americans, edited by Robson Bonnichsen and Karen L. Turnmire, 156–199. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Hare, P. G., S. Greer, R. Gogghardt, R. Farnell, V. Bowyer, C. Schweger, and D. Strand. 2004. “Ethnographic and Archaeological Investigations of Alpine Ice Patches in Southwest Yukon, Canada.” Arctic 57 (3): 260–272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare, P. G., C. D. Thomas, T. N. Topper, and R. M. Gotthardt. 2012. “The Archaeology of Yukon Ice Patches: New Artifacts, Observations, and Insights.” Arctic 65 (Supplement 1: The Archaeology and Paleoecology of Alpine Ice Patches): 118–135.
   Google Scholar
• Haynes, Gregory M. 2004. “Assemblage Richness and Composition at Paleoarchaic Sites near Yucca Mountain, Nevada.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Haynes, C. Vance, and Bruce B. Huckell, eds. 2007. Murray Springs: A Clovis Site with Multiple Activity Areas in the San Pedro Valley, Arizona. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona, No. 17. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Henn, Winfield G. 1977. “Archaeology and Prehistory in the Ugashik River Drainage, Alaska, Peninsula.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene.
   Google Scholar
• Henn, Winfield. 1978. Archaeology on the Alaska Peninsula: The Ugashik Drainage, 1973–1975. University of Oregon Anthropology Papers No. 14. Eugene: Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon.
   Google Scholar
• Hicks, Brent A.2004. Marmes Rockshelter: A Final Report on 11,000 Years of Cultural Use. Pullman: Washington State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffecker, John F. 1996. “Moose Creek.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 424–430. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hutchinson, Phillip W. 1988. “The Prehistoric Dwellers at Lake Hubbs.” In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface, edited by Judith A. Willig, C. Melvin Aikens, and John L. Fagan, 303–318. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers No. 21. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Iizuka, Fumie. 2018. “The Timing and Behavioral Context of the Late-Pleistocene Adoption of Ceramics in Greater East and Northeast Asia and the First People (Without Pottery) in the Americas.” PaleoAmerica 4 (4): 267–324.
   Google Scholar
• Ineshin, E. M., and A. V. Teten’kin. 2010. Chelovek i Prirodnaia Sreda Severa Baikal’skoi Sibiri v Pozdnem Pleistotsene. Mestonakhozhdenie Bol’shoi Iakor’ I. Novosibirk: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Irwin-Williams, Cynthia, Henry Irwin, George Agogino, and C. Vance Haynes. 1973. “Hell Gap: Paleo-Indian Occupation on the High Plains.” Plains Anthropologist 18 (59): 240–253.
   Google Scholar
• Izuho, Masami. 2013. “Human Technological and Behavioral Adaptation to Landscape Changes around the Last Glacial Maximum in Japan: A Focus on Hokkaido.” In Paleoamerican Odyssey, edited by Kelly E. Graf, Caroline V. Ketron, and Michael R. Waters, 45–64. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Izuho, Masami, and Yousuke Kaifu. 2015. “The Appearance and Characteristics of the Early Upper Paleolithic in the Japanese Archipelago.” In Emergence and Diversity of Modern Human Behavior in Paleolithic Asia, edited by Yousuke Kaifu, Masami Izuho, Ted Goebel, Hiroyuki Sato, and Akira Ono, 289–313. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Izuho, Masami, and K. Takahashi. 2005. “Correlation of Paleolithic Industries and Paleoenvironmental Change in Hokkaido (Japan).” Current Research in the Pleistocene 22: 19–21.
   Google Scholar
• Japan Paleolithic Research Association. 2010. Nihon Retto no Kyusekki Jidai Iseki: Nihon Kyusekki (Sendoki, Iwajuku) Jidai Iseki no Database [Paleolithic Sites in the Japanese Islands: A Database]. Tokyo: Japan Paleolithic Research Association (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, Dennis L., Loren G. Davis, Thomas W. Stafford Jr, Paula F. Campos, Thomas J. Connolly, Linda Scott Cummings, Michael Hofreiter, et al. 2014. “Geochronology, Archaeological Context, and DNA at the Paisley Caves.” In Paleoamerican Odyssey, edited by Kelly E. Graf, Caroline Ketron, and Michael R. Waters, 485–510. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, Dennis L., Loren G. Davis, Thomas W. Stafford Jr, Paula F. Campos, Bryan Hockett, George T. Jones, Linda Scott Cummings, et al. 2012. “Clovis Age Western Stemmed Projectile Points and Human Coprolites at the Paisley Caves.” Science 337: 223–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins, Dennis L., Justin A. Holcomb, and Katelyn N. McDonough. 2017. “Current Research at the Connley Caves (35LK50): Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Western Stemmed Tradition Occupations in the Fort Rock Basin, Oregon.” PaleoAmerica 3 (2): 188–192.
   Google Scholar
• Jew, Nicholas P., and Jon M. Erlandson. 2013. “Paleocoastal Flaked Stone Heat Treatment Practices on Alta California’s Northern Channel Islands.” California Archaeology 5 (1): 79–104.
   Google Scholar
• Jew, Nicholas P., Jon M. Erlandson, and Frances J. White. 2013. “Paleocoastal Lithic Use on Western Santarosae Island, California.” North American Archaeologist 34 (1): 49–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, John R., Thomas W. Stafford Jr, Henry O. Ajie, and Don P. Morris. 2002. “Arlington Springs Revisited.” Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, George T., and Charlotte Beck. 1999. “Paleoarchaic Archaeology in the Great Basin.” In Models for the Millennium: Great Basin Anthropology Today, edited by Charlotte Beck, 83–94. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Justice, Noel D. 2002. Stone Age Spear and Arrow Points of California and the Great Basin. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, Robert L. 1983. “Hunter-Gatherer Mobility Strategies.” Journal of Anthropological Research 39 (1): 277–306.
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, Robert L. 1988. “The Three Sides of a Biface.” American Antiquity 53 (4): 717–734.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, Robert L. 1995. The Foraging Spectrum: Diversity in Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, Robert L., and Lawrence C. Todd. 1988. “Coming into the Country: Early Paleoindian Hunting and Mobility.” American Antiquity 53 (2): 231–244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenady, Stephen, Michael C. Wilson, Randall F. Schalk, and Robert R. Mierendorf. 2011. “Late Pleistocene Butchered Bison antiquus from Ayer Pond, Orcas Island, Pacific Northwest: Age Confirmation and Taphonomy.” Quaternary International 233: 130–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilby, J. David, and Bruce B. Huckell. 2013. “Clovis Caches: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.” In Paleoamerican Odyssey, edited by Kelly E. Graf, Caroline V. Ketron, and Michael R. Waters, 257–272. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• King, M. L., and S. B. Slobodin. 1996. “A Fluted Point from the Uptar Site, Northeastern Siberia.” Science 273: 634–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kizaki, Y. 1994. “Hakuhen-sentoki to sekki bunka ni tsuite [A Review of Hakuhen-sentoki Stemmed Points].” In Kyushu Kyusekki Jidai Kankei Siryo Syusei III, edited by Association of Kyushu Palaeolithic Culture, 174–190. Kyushu: Association of Kyushu Palaeolithic Culture (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Knell, Edward J. 2007. “The Organization of Late Paleoindian Cody Complex Land-use on the North American Great Plains.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, Washington State University.
   Google Scholar
• Knell, Edward J., and Mark P. Muñiz, eds. 2013. Paleoindian Lifeways of the Cody Complex. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kohntopp, Steve W. 2010. The Simon Clovis Cache: One of the Oldest Archaeological Sites in Idaho. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Koldehoff, Brad, and John A. Walthall. 2009. “Dalton and the Early Holocene Midcontinent: Setting the Stage.” In Archaic Societies: Diversity and Complexity across the Midcontinent, edited by Thomas E. Emerson, Dale L. McElrath, and Andrew C. Fortier, 137–151. Albany: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• Konstantinov, M. V. 1994. Kamennyi Vek Vostochnogo Regiona Baikal’skoi Azii. Ulan-Ude—Chita: Rossiiskaia Akademiia Nauk, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Buriatskii Nauchnyi Tsentr Institut Obshchestvennyikh Nauk, and Chitinskii Gosudarstvennyi Pedagogicheskii Institut im. N. G. Chernyshevskogo.
   Google Scholar
• Kopperl, Robert E., Amanda K. Taylor, Christian J. Miss, Kenneth M. Ames, and Charles M. Hodges. 2015. “The Bear Creek Site (45KI839), a Late Pleistocene-Holocene Transition Occupation in the Puget Sound Lowland, King County, Washington.” PaleoAmerica 1 (1): 116–120.
   Google Scholar
• Kudo, Y. 2006. “The Temporal Correspondence between Archaeological Chronology and Environmental Changes 28,000-11,000 CALYBP in Eastern Honshu.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 23: 11–14.
   Google Scholar
• Kudo, Y., and F. Kumon. 2012. “Paleolithic Cultures of MIS 3 to MIS 1 in Relation to Climate Changes in the Central Japanese Islands.” Quaternary International 248: 22–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, Steven L. 1995. Mousterian Lithic Technology: An Ecological Perspective. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kunz, Michael, Michael Bever, and Constance Adkins. 2003. The Mesa Site: Paleoindians above the Arctic Circle. BLM-Alaska Open File Report 86. Anchorage: Alaska State Office, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior.
   Google Scholar
• Kunz, Michael, and Richard E. Reanier. 1994. “Paleoindians in Beringia: Evidence from Arctic Alaska.” Science 263: 660–662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunz, Michael, and Richard E. Reanier. 1996. “The Mesa Site, Iteriak Creek.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 497–504. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kuz’min, IA. V. 2005. Geokhronologiia i Paleosreda Pozdnego Paleolita i Neolita Umerennogo Poiasa Vostochnoi Azii. Vladivostok: Rossiiskaia Akademiia Nauk, Dal’nevostochnoe Otdelenie Tikhookeanskii Institut Geografii.
   Google Scholar
• Kuzmin, Y. V. 2006. “Palaeoenvironment and Chronology.” In Archaeology of the Russian Far East: Essays in Stone Age Prehistory, edited by Sarah M. Nelson, Anatoly P. Derevianko, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, and Richard L. Bland, 13–40. BAR International Series 1540. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Kuz’min, I. A. V., and M. A. Dikova. 2014. “Khronologiia Pozdnepleistotsenovykh Arkheologicheskikh Pamiatnikov Severo-Vostochnoi Sibiri: Sostoianie Voproca (2014 G.).” Rossiiskii Arkheologicheskii Ezhegodnik 4: 8–22. Sankt Peterburg: Universitetskii Izdatel’skii Konsortsium.
   Google Scholar
• Kuzmin, Y. V., and L. A. Orlova. 1998. “Radiocarbon Chronology of the Siberian Paleolithic.” Journal of World Prehistory 12 (1): 1–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzmin, Yaroslav V., Vladimir G. Petrov, and Kim Jong-Chan. 2005. “Timing of the Origin of Microblade Technology in the Russian Far East: Chronology of the Khodulikha 2 Upper Paleolithic Site.” Current Research in the Pleistocene 22: 7–9.
   Google Scholar
• Kuznetsov, A. M. 1992. Pozdnii Paleolit Primor’ia. Vladivostok: Izdatel’stvo Dal’nevostochnogo Universiteta.
   Google Scholar
• Lafayette, Linsie M., and Geoffrey M. Smith. 2012. “Use-wear Traces on Experimental (Replicated) and Prehistoric Stemmed Points from the Great Basin.” Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 32 (2): 141–160.
   Google Scholar
• Layton, Thomas N. 1970. “High Rock Archaeology: An Interpretation of the Prehistory of the Northwestern Great Basin.” PhD diss. Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• Layton, Thomas N. 1972. “Lithic Chronology in the Fort Rock Valley, Oregon.” Tebiwa 15 (2): 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Lbova, L. V. 2005. “The Transition from the Middle to Upper Paleolithic in the Western Trans-Baikal.” In The Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition in Eurasia: Hypotheses and Facts, edited by A. P. Derevianko, 355–371. Archaeology Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia, Discussion. Novosibirsk: Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leakey, Mary D. 1975. “Cultural Patterns in the Olduvai Sequence.” In After the Australopithecines: Stratigraphy, Ecology and Culture Change in the Middle Pleistocene, edited by Karl W. Butzer and Glynn L. Isaac, 477–493. The Hague: Mouton.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Gikil. 2015. “The Characteristics of Upper Paleolithic Industries in Korea: Innovation, Continuity, and Interaction.” In Emergence and Diversity of Modern Human Behavior in Paleolithic Asia, edited by Yousuke Kaifu, Masami Izuho, Ted Goebel, Hiroyuki Sato, and Akira Ono, 270–286. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Craig, and Ted Goebel. 2016. “The Slotted Antler Points from Trail Creek Caves, Alaska: New Information on Their Age and Technology.” PaleoAmerica 2 (1): 40–47.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y.-J., and S.-J. Kong. 2002. “New Analysis Results of Suyanggae Tanged Tools in Korea.” Journal of Korean Paleolithic Society 6: 13–24.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y.-J., and S.-J. Kong. 2006. “Suyanggae Paleolithic Site: Characteristics and Meaning in Korean Paleolithic Culture.” In Suyanggae and Her Neighbors 11, edited by L. Domanska and Y.-J. Lee, 21–30. Lodze: Zaklad Poligraficzny.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Gi-Kil, and Katsuhiro Sano. 2019. “Were Tanged Points Mechanically Delivered Armatures? Functional and Morphometric Analyses of Tanged Points from an Upper Paleolithic Site at Jingeuneul, Korea.” Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 11: 2453–2465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Yung-jo, Jong-yoon Woo, Seung-won Lee, Ju-hyun An, Byeong-il Yun, Jeong-mi Park, Kaoru Otani, et al. 2018. Report on the Excavation of Suyanggae Site (Loc. I and VI), Danyang (in Korean). Cheongju: Institute of Korean Prehistory.
   Google Scholar
• LeTourneau, Phillipe D. 1998. “The ‘Folsom Problem.’” In Unit Issues in Archaeology: Measuring Time, Space, and Material, edited by Ann F. Ramenofsky and Anastasia Steffen, 52–73. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lisitsyn, N. F. 2000. Pozdnii Paleolit Chulymo-Eniseiskogo Mezhdurech’ia. Trudy Tom II. St. Petersburg: Institut Istorii Material’noi Kul’tury, RAN.
   Google Scholar
• Llamas, Bastien, Lars Fehren-Schmitz, Guido Valverde, Julien Soubrier, Swapan Mallick, Nadin Rohland, Susanne Nordenfelt, et al. 2016. “Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Provides High-Resolution Timescale of the Peopling of the Americas.” Science Advances 2 (4): 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llamas, Bastien, Kelly M. Harkins, and Lars Fehren-Schmitz. 2017. “Genetic Studies of the Peopling of the Americas: What Insights do Diachronic Mitochondrial Genome Datasets Provide?” Quaternary International 444: 26–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozhkin, A. V., T. A. Brown, P. M. Anderson, O. Yu. Glushkova, and I. V. Melekestsev. 2016. “The Importance of Radiocarbon Dates and Tephra for Developing Chronologies of Holocene Environmental Changes from Lake Sediments, North Far East.” Russian Journal of Pacific Geology 10 (4): 249–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, Joshua J., Ted Goebel, Kelly E. Graf, and Jeffrey T. Rasic. 2018. “Archaeology of the Uppermost Tanana: Results of a Survey of the Nabesna and Chisana Rivers, East-Central Alaska.” Alaska Journal of Anthropology 16 (1): 21–43.
   Google Scholar
• Mackie, Quentin, Daryl Fedje, and Duncan McLaren. 2018. “Archaeology and Sea Level Change on the British Columbia Coast.” Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal Canadien d’Archéologie 42: 74–91.
   Google Scholar
• Mackie, Quentin, Daryl Fedje, Duncan McLaren, Nicole Smith, and Iain McKechnie. 2011. “Early Environments and Archaeology of Coastal British Columbia.” In Trekking the Shore: Changing Coastlines and the Antiquity of Coastal Settlement, edited by Nuno Bicho, Jonathan A. Haws, and Loren G. Davis, 51–104. New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Madsen, David B., Dave N. Schmitt, and David J. Page, eds. 2015. The Paleoarchaic Occupation of the Old River Bed Delta. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mandryk, Carole A. S. 2004. “Invented Traditions and the Ultimate American Origin Myth: In the Beginning … There was an Ice-Free Corridor.” In The Settlement of the American Continents: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Human Biogeography, edited by C. Michael Barton, Geoffrey A. Clark, David R. Yesner, and Georges A. Pearson, 113–122. Tuscon: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan. 2017. “The Occupational History of the Stave Watershed.” In Archaeology of the Lower Fraser River Region, edited by Mike K. Rousseau, 149–158. Burnaby: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan, Daryl Fedje, Angela Dyck, Quentin Mackie, Alisha Gauvreau, and Jenny Cohen. 2018. “Terminal Pleistocene Epoch Human Footprints from the Pacific Coast of Canada.” Plos One 13 (3): e0193522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan, Daryl Fedje, Quentin Mackie, Loren G. Davis, Jon Erlandson, Alisha Gauvreau, and Colton Vogelaar. 2019. “Late Pleistocene Archaeological Discovery Models on the Pacific Coast of North America.” PaleoAmerica. doi:10.1080/20555563.2019.1670512.
   Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan, Farid Rahemtulla, Gitla (Elroy White), and Daryl Fedje. 2015. “Prerogatives, Sea Level, and the Strength of Persistent Places: Archaeological Evidence for Long-Term Occupation of the Central Coast of British Columbia.” BC Studies 187: 155–191.
   Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan, and Nicole Smith. 2008. “The Stratigraphy of Bifacial Implements at the Richardson Island Site, Haida Gwaii.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 41–60. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• McLaren, Duncan, and Martina Steffan. 2008. “A Sequence of Formed Bifaces from the Fraser Valley Region of British Columbia.” In Projectile Point Sequences in Northwestern North America, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Martin P. R. Magne, 161–185. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Mehringer Jr, Peter J. 1988. “The Richey-Roberts Clovis Cache, East Wenatchee, Washington.” Northwest Science 62: 271–272.
   Google Scholar
• Mellars, Paul. 2004. “Neanderthals and the Modern Human Colonization of Europe.” Nature 432: 461–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellars, Paul. 2006. “Why did Modern Human Populations Disperse from Africa ca. 60,000 Years Ago? A New Model.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 (25): 9381–9386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meltzer, David J. 2004. “Modeling the Initial Colonization of the Americas: Issues of Scale, Demography, and Landscape Learning”. In The First Americans: The Pleistocene Colonization of the New World, edited by Nina G. Jablonski, 27–58. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Middleton, Emily S., Geoffrey M. Smith, William J. Cannon, and Mary F. Ricks. 2014. “Paleoindian Rock Art: Establishing the Antiquity of Great Basin Carved Abstract Petroglyphs in the Northern Great Basin.” Journal of Archaeological Science 43: 21–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, Donald, and David L. Pokotylo. 1996. “Early Period Components at the Milliken Site.” In Early Human Occupation in British Columbia, edited by Roy L. Carlson and Luke Dalla Bonna, 65–82. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miyata, E. 2006. “Kyushu Tounanbu no chiiki Hennen [Regional Chronology in Southeastern Kyushu].” In Kyusekki Jidai no Chiiki Hennen Teki Kenkyu [Regional Chronological Study of the Japanese Paleoelithic], edited by M. Anzai and H. Sato, 241–274. Tokyo: Douseisha (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Iu. A. 1977. Drevneishie Etapy Zaseleniia Chelovekom Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Yuri A., and Svetlana A. Fedoseeva. 1996a. “Berelekh, Allakhovsk Region.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 218–222. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Yuri A., and Svetlana A. Fedoseeva. 1996b. “Dyuktai Cave.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 164–173. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Yuri A., and Svetlana A. Fedoseeva. 1996c. “Tumulur.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 195–198. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Yuri A., and Svetlana A. Fedoseeva. 1996d. “Ust-Mil 2.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 174–179. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mochanov, Yuri A., and Svetlana A. Fedoseeva. 1996e. “Verkhne-Troitskaya.” In American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, edited by Frederick Hadleigh West, 180–183. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mohr, Albert D., and Gerrit L. Fenenga. 2010. “Chipped Crescentic Stones from California.” In A Riddle Wrapped in a Mystery Inside an Enigma: Three Studies of Chipped Stone Crescents from California, edited by Gerrit L. Fenenga and Jerry N. Hopkins, 93–159. Salinas: Coyote Press and The Tulare Lake Archaeological Research Group.
   Google Scholar
• Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor, Ben A. Potter, Lasse Vinner, Matthias Steinrücken, Simon Rasmussen, Jonathan Terhorst, John A. Kamm, et al. 2018a. “Terminal Pleistocene Alaskan Genome Reveals First Founding Population of Native Americans.” Nature 553 (7687): 203–207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno-Mayar, J. Victor, Lasse Vinner, Peter de Barros Damgaard, Constanza de la Fuente, Jeffrey Chan, Jeffrey P. Spence, Morten E. Allentoft, et al. 2018b. “Early Human Dispersals within the Americas.” Science 362. doi:10.1126/science.aav2621.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morisaki, Kazuki. 2015. “Appearance of Hakuhen-Sentoki (HS Points) and Second Modern Human Migration into Kyushu, Japan.” In Emergence and Diversity of Modern Human Behavior in Paleolithic Asia, edited by Yousuke Kaifu, Masami Izuho, Ted Goebel, Hiroyuki Sato, and Akira Ono, 376–388. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Morisaki, Kazuki, Noriyoshi Oda, Dai Kunikita, Yuka Sasaki, Yasuko Kuronuma, Akira Iwase, Takeshi Yamazaki, Naoichiro Ichida, and Hiroyuki Sato. 2019. “Sedentism, Pottery and Inland Fishing in Late Glacial Japan: A Reassessment of the Maedakochi Site.” Antiquity. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.170.
   Google Scholar
• Morrow, Juliet E., and Toby A. Morrow. 1999. “Geographic Variation in Fluted Projectile Points: A Hemispheric Perspective.” American Antiquity 64 (2): 215–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, Madonna L., and Jon M. Erlandson. 2013. “Waterfowl and Lunate Crescents in Western North America: The Archaeology of the Pacific Flyway.” Journal of World Prehistory 26 (3): 173–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munyikwa, Kennedy, James K. Feathers, Tammy M. Rittenour, and Heather K. Shrimpton. 2011. “Constraining the Late Wisconsinan Retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet from Western Canada Using Luminescence Ages from Postglacial Aeolian Dunes.” Quaternary Geoarchaeology 6 (3–4): 407–422.
   Google Scholar
• Musil, Robert R. 1988. “Functional Efficiency and Technological Change: A Hafting Tradition Model for Prehistoric North America.” In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface, edited by Judith A. Willig, C. Melvin Aikens, and John L. Fagan, 373–388. Anthropological Papers 21. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Muto, Guy R. 1976. “The Cascade Technique: An Examination of a Levallois-like Reduction System in Early Snake River Prehistory.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.
   Google Scholar
• Nagai, Kenji. 2007. “Flake Scar Patterns of Japanese Tanged Points: Toward and Understanding of Technological Variability during the Incipient Jomon.” Anthropological Science 115: 223–226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakazawa, Yuichi, Akira Iwase, Fumito Akai, and Masami Izuho. 2011. “Human Responses to the Younger Dryas in Japan.” Quaternary International 242: 4516–4433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakazawa, Yuichi, and Satoru Yamada. 2015. “On the Processes of Diversification in Microblade Technocomplexes in Late Glacial Hokkaido.” In Emergence and Diversity of Modern Human Behavior in Paleolithic Asia, edited by Yousuke Kaifu, Masami Izuho, Ted Goebel, Hiroyuki Sato, and Akira Ono, 418–436. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Naoe, Yasue, Hiroyuki Suzuki, and Naofumi Sakamoto. 2016. “Blade Reduction Methods in the Shirataki Group of Sites.” In Human Society in the Pleniglacial, edited by Hiroyuki Sato, Masami Izuho, and Saturo Yamada. Tokyo: Rokuichi Sobo Publishing. (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Natsuki, Daigo. 2018. “Incipient Jomon Culture in Hokkaido.” Ronshu Oshorokko 5: 209–234.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, Margaret C. 1991. “The Study of Technological Organization.” In Archaeological Method and Theory, edited by M. B. Schiffer, 57–100. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Newlander, Khori. 2018. “Imagining the Cultural Landscape of Paleoindians.” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 19: 836–845.
   Google Scholar
• O’Brien, Michael J., Matthew T. Boulanger, Briggs Buchanan, Mark Collard, R. Lee Lyman, and John Darwent. 2014a. “Innovation and Cultural Transmission in the American Paleolithic: Phylogenetic Analysis of Eastern Paleoindian Projectile-Point Classes.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 34: 100–119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien, Michael J., Matthew T. Boulanger, Mark Collard, Briggs Buchanan, Lia Tarle, Lawrence G. Straus, and Metin I. Eren. 2014b. “On Thin Ice: Problems with Stanford and Bradley’s Proposed Solutrean Colonisation of North America.” Antiquity 88: 606–613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien, Michael J., and R. Lee Lyman. 2000. Applying Evolutionary Archaeology: A Systematic Approach. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• O’Connell, James F. 1977. “Aspects of Variation in Central Australian Lithic Assemblages.” In Stone Tools as Cultural Markers: Change, Evolution, and Complexity, edited by R. V. S. Wright, 269–281. Canberra: Humanties Press Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Okladnikov, A. P., and I. I. Kirillov. 1980. Iugo-Vostochnoe Zabaikal’e v Epokhy Kamnia i Rannei Bronzy. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Okuno, M. 2002. “Minami Kyushu ni Bupu Suru Saikin 3 Man Nen Kan no Tephra no Nendai Gaku Teki Kenkyu [Chronology of Tephra Layers in Soutern Kyushu, SW Japan, for the Last 300,000 Years].” Quaternary Research 41: 225–236. (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Orr, Phil C. 1962. “The Arlington Spring Site, Santa Rosa Island, California.” American Antiquity 27 (3): 417–419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orr, P. C. 1974. “Notes on the Archaeology of the Winnemucca Lake Caves, 1952–1958.” Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers 16: 47–59. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Osborn, Alan J. 2014. “Eye of the Needle: Cold Stress, Clothing, and Sewing Technology during the Younger Dryas Cold Event in North America.” American Antiquity 79: 45–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, Georges A. 1999. “Early Occupations and Cultural Sequence at Moose Creek: A Late Pleistocene Site in Central Alaska.” Arctic 52 (4): 332–345.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pendleton, Loraine S. 1979. “Lithic Technology in Early Nevada Assemblages.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, California State University, Long Beach.
   Google Scholar
• Pitul’ko, V. V. 2011a. “Arkheologicheskaia Sostavliaiushchaia Berelëkhskogo Kompleksa.” Zapiski IIMK RAN 6: 85–101.
   Google Scholar
• Pitulko, Vladimir V. 2011b. “The Berelekh Quest: A Review of Forty Years of Research in the Mammoth Graveyard in Northeast Siberia.” Geoarchaeology 26 (1): 5–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitul’ko, Vladimir V., and Elena Yu. Pavlova. 2016. Geoarchaeology and Radiocarbon Chronology of Stone Age Northeast Asia. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. (Originally published as Geoarkheologiia i Radiouglerodnaia Khronologiia Kamennogo Veka Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Sankt Peterburg: Nauka, 2010, translated by Richard L. Bland).
   Google Scholar
• Pitulko, Vladimir, Elena Pavlova, and Pavel Nikolskiy. 2017. “Revising the Archaeological Record of the Upper Pleistocene Arctic Siberia: Human Dispersal and Adaptations in MIS 3 and 2.” Quaternary Science Reviews 165: 127–148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter, Ben A., James F. Baichtal, Alwynn Beaudoin, Lars Fehren-Schmitz, C. Vance Haynes, Vance T. Holliday, Charles E. Holmes, et al. 2018. “Current Evidence Allows Multiple Models for the Peopling of the Americas.” Science Advances 4 (8): eaat5473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter, Ben A., Joel D. Irish, Joshua D. Reuther, and Holly J. McKinney. 2014. “New Insights into Eastern Beringian Mortuary Behavior: A Terminal Pleistocene Double Infant Burial at Upward Sun River.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (48): 17060–17065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers, W. Roger, R. Dale Guthrie, and John F. Hoffecker. 2017. Dry Creek: Archaeology and Paleoecology of a Late Pleistocene Alaskan Hunting Camp, edited by Ted Goebel. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Powers, William R., and John F. Hoffecker. 1989. “Late Pleistocene Settlement in the Nenana Valley, Central Alaska.” American Antiquity 54 (2): 263–287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ptashinskiy, A. V. 2012. “Otkrytie Novykh Pamiatnikov Final’nogo Paleolita na Kamchatke.” In Evrazia v Kainozoe: Stratigrafiia, Palekologiia, Kul’tury, Vypusk 1, Fenomen Geoarkheologicheskoi Mnogosloinosti Baikal’skoi Sibiri, 155–170. Irkutsk: Izdatel’stvo IGU.
   Google Scholar
• Raghavan, Maanasa, Pontus Skoglund, Kelly E. Graf, Mait Metspalu, Anders Albrechtsen, Ida Moltke, Simon Rasmussen, et al. 2014. “Upper Paleolithic Siberian Genome Reveals Dual Ancestry of Native Americans.” Nature 505: 87–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raghavan, Maanasa, Matthias Steinrücken, Kelley Harris, Stephan Schiffels, Simon Rasmussen, Michael DeGiorgio, Anders Albrechtsen, et al. 2015. “Genomic Evidence for the Pleistocene and Recent Population History of Native Americans.” Science 349: aab3884.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasic, Jeffrey T. 2011. “Functional Variability in the Late Pleistocene Archaeological Record of Eastern Beringia: A Model of Late Pleistocene Land Use and Technology from Northwest Alaska.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblage Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 128–164. College Station: Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, S., and J. Erlandson. 2012. “Macrobotanical Food Remains from a Trans-Holocene Sequence at Daisy Cave (CA-SMI-261), San Miguel Island, California.” Journal of Archaeological Science 39: 33–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid, Kenneth C. 2011. “Updating the Age of the Clovis Culture and Western Stemmed Tradition in Idaho.” IPAC News: The Newsletter of the Idaho Professional Archaeological Council 4 (1): 24–39.
   Google Scholar
• Reid, Kenneth C. 2017. “Idaho Beginnings: A Review of the Evidence.” Quaternary International 444 (Part B): 72–82.
   Google Scholar
• Rice, D. G. 1972. The Windust Phase in the Lower Snake River Region Prehistory. Report of Investigations No. 50. Pullman: Laboratory of Anthropology, Washington State University.
   Google Scholar
• Rosencrance, Richard L. 2019. “Assessing the Chronological Variation within Western Stemmed Tradition Projectile Points.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Sanchez, Gabriel M., Jon M. Erlandson, and Nicholas Tripcevich. 2017. “Quantifying the Association of Chipped Stone Crescents with Wetlands and Paleoshorelines of Western North America.” North American Archaeologist 38 (2): 107–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez, Guadalupe, Vance T. Holliday, Edmund P. Gaines, Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales, Natalia Martínez-Tagüeña, Andrew Kowler, Todd Lange, Gregory W. L. Hodgins, Susan M. Mentzer, and Ismael Sanchez-Morales. 2014. “Human (Clovis)–gomphothere (Cuvieronius sp.) Association ∼13,390 Calibrated y BP in Sonora, Mexico.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (30): 10972–10977.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sano, K. 2016. “Evidence for the Use of the Bow-and-Arrow Technology by the First Modern Humans in the Japanese Islands.” Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 10: 130–141.
   Google Scholar
• Sato, H. 1992. Nihon Kyusekki Bunka no Kozo to Shinka [Evolution and Structure of Paleolithic Culture in Japan]. Tokyo: Kashiwashobo. (in Japanese).
   Google Scholar
• Sellet, Frederic. 1993. “Chaîne Opératoire: The Concept and Its Applications.” Lithic Technology 18 (1–2): 106–112.
   Google Scholar
• Seong, C. 2008. “Tanged Points, Microblades and Late Palaeolithic Hunting in Korea.” Antiquity 82: 871–883.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shott, Michael J. 1986. “Settlement Mobility and Technological Organization: An Ethnographic Examination.” Journal of Anthropological Research 42: 15–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shott, Michael J. 1989. “On Tool-Class Use Lives and the Formation of Archaeological Assemblages.” American Antiquity 54 (1): 9–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slobodin, S. B. 1999. Arkheologiia Kolymy i Kontinental’nogo Priokhot’ia v Pozdnem Pleistotsene i Rannem Golotsene. Magadan: Severo-Vostochnyi Nauchnyi Tsentr, Dal’nevostochnoe Otdelenie, Rossiiskaia Akademiia Nauk.
   Google Scholar
• Slobodin, Sergei B. 2011. “Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Cultures of Beringia: The General and the Specific.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblages Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 91–116. College Station: Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Smallwood, Ashley M. 2010. “Clovis Biface Technology at the Topper Site, South Carolina: Evidence for Variation and Technological Flexibility.” Journal of Archaeological Science 37: 2413–2425.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smallwood, Ashley M. 2012. “Clovis Technology and Settlement in the American Southeast: Using Biface Analysis to Evaluate Dispersal Models.” American Antiquity 77 (4): 689–713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Geoffrey M. 2006. “Pre-Archaic Technological Organization, Mobility, and Settlement Systems: A View from the Parman Localities, Humboldt County, Nevada.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Geoffrey M. 2010. “Through Stones and Bones: A Review of Lithic and Faunal Evidence for a Paleoindian-Archaic Transition in the Great Basin.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Wyoming.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Geoffrey M., and Pat Barker. 2017. “The Terminal Pleistocene/Early Holocene Record in the Northwestern Great Basin: What We Know, What We Don’t Know, and How We May Be Wrong.” PaleoAmerica 3 (1): 13–47.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Geoffrey M., Donald D. Pattee, Judson Bird Finley, John L. Fagan, and Evan Pellegrini. 2014. “A Flaked Stone Crescent from a Stratified, Radiocarbon-Dated Site in the Northern Great Basin.” North American Archaeologist 35 (3): 257–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Heather L, and Ted Goebel. 2018. “Origins and Spread of Fluted-Point Technology in the Canadian Ice-Free Corridor and Eastern Beringia.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (16): 4116–4121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Heather L., Jeffrey T. Rasic, and Ted Goebel. 2013. “Biface Traditions of Northern Alaska and Their Role in the Peopling of the Americas.” In PaleoAmerican Odyssey, edited by Kelly E. Graf, Caroline V. Ketron, and Michael R. Waters, 105–123. College Station: Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Victoria C., Richard A. Staff, Simon P. E. Blockley, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Takeshi Nakagawa, Darren F. Mark, Keiji Takemura, and Toru Danhara. 2013. “Identification and Correlation of Visible Tephras in the Lake Suigetsu SG06 Sedimentary Archive, Japan: Chronostratigraphic Markers for Synchronizing of East Asian/West Pacific Palaeoclimatic Records across the Last 150 ka.” Quaternary Science Reviews 67: 121–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speth, John D., Khori Newlander, Andrew A. White, Ashley K. Lemke, and Lars E. Anderson. 2013. “Early Paleoindian Big-Game Hunting in North America: Provisioning or Politics?” Quaternary International 285: 111–139.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanford, Dennis J., and Bruce A. Bradley. 2012. Across Atlantic Ice: The Origin of America’s Clovis Culture. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Straus, Lawrence G., David J. Meltzer, and Ted Goebel. 2005. “Ice Age Atlantis? Exploring the Solutrean-Clovis ‘Connection.’” World Archaeology 37 (4): 507–532.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabarev, Andrew V. 1994. “The Ustinovka Industry in the Stone Age of the Russian Far East: 40 Years of Discoveries.” Lithic Technology 19 (1): 21–34.
   Google Scholar
• Tadlock, W. L. 1966. “Certain Crescentic Stone Objects as a Time Marker in the Western United States.” American Antiquity 31: 662–675.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, David H. 1981. “How to Classify the Projectile Points from Monitor Valley, Nevada.” Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 3 (1): 7–43.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, Victor D. 2018. “A Perspective on Paleoindian Research from the Opposite End of the Foraging Spectrum.” PaleoAmerica 4 (3): 177–182.
   Google Scholar
• Torrence, Robin. 1989. “Tools as Optimal Solutions.” In Time, Energy and Stone Tools, edited by Robin Torrence, 1–6. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tune, Jesse W. 2016a. “Characterizing Cumberland Fluted Biface Morphology and Technological Organization.” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 6: 310–320.
   Google Scholar
• Tune, Jesse W. 2016b. “The Clovis-Cumberland-Dalton Succession: Settling into the Midsouth United States during the Pleistocene to Holocene Transition.” PaleoAmerica 2 (3): 261–273.
   Google Scholar
• Tuohy, Donald R. 1969. “Breakage, Burin Facets, and the Probable Technological Linkage among Lake Mohave, Silver Lake, and Other Varieties of Paleo-Indian Projectile Points in the Desert West.” In Miscellaneous Papers on Nevada Archaeology, edited by Doris L. Rendall and Donald R. Tuohy, 132–153. Anthropological Papers No. 14. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Vasil’ev, Sergey A. 2011. “The Earliest Alaskan Archaeological Record: A View from Siberia.” In From the Yenisei to the Yukon: Interpreting Lithic Assemblage Variability in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Beringia, edited by Ted Goebel and Ian Buvit, 119–127. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Vasil’evskii, A. A. 2008. Kamennyi Vek Ostrova Sakhalin. Iuzhno-Sakhalinsk: Sakhalinskoe Knizhnoe Izdatel’stvo.
   Google Scholar
• Vasil’evskii, R. S., and S. A. Gladyshev. 1989. Verkhnii Paleolit Iuzhnogo Primor’ia. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
   Google Scholar
• Vereshchagin, N. K., and V. V. Ukraintseva. 1985. “Proiskhozhdenie i Stratigrafiia Berelekhskogo ‘Kladbishcha’ Mamontov.” Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta AN SSSR 131: 104–113.
   Google Scholar
• Wargo, Melissa Canady. 2009. “The Bordes-Binford Debate: Transatlantic Interpretive Traditions in Paleolithic Archaeology.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Arlington.
   Google Scholar
• Warren, Claude E., and Anthony J. Ranere. 1968. “Outside Danger Cave: A View of Early Man in the Great Basin.” In Early Man in Western North America, edited by Cynthia Irwin-Williams. Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology Vol. 1 (4), 6–18. Portales: Eastern New Mexico University Paleo-Indian Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Waters, Michael R. 2019. “Late Pleistocene Exploration and Settlement of the Americas by Modern Humans.” Science 365: eaat5447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters, Michael R., Joshua L. Keene, Steven L. Forman, Elton R. Prewitt, David L. Carlson, and James E. Wiederhold. 2018. “Pre-Clovis Projectile Points at the Debra L. Friedkin Site, Texas—Implications for the Late Pleistocene Peopling of the Americas.” Science Advances 4 (10): 3aat4505.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters, Michael R., Thomas W. Stafford Jr, H. Gregory McDonald, Carl Gustafson, Morten Rasmussen, Enrico Cappellini, Jesper V. Olsen, et al. 2011. “Pre-Clovis Mastodon Hunting 13,800 Years Ago at the Manis Site, Washington.” Science 334: 351–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West, Frederick Hadleigh. 1981. The Archaeology of Beringia. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wiessner, P. 1983. “Style and Social Information in Kalahari San Projectile Points.” American Antiquity 48 (2): 253–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, Thomas J., Michael B. Collins, Kathleen Rodrigues, William Jack Rink, Nancy Velchoff, Amanda Keen-Kebert, Anastasia Gilmer, Charles D. Frederick, Sergio J. Ayala, and Elton R. Prewitt. 2018. “Evidence of an Early Projectile Point Technology in North America at the Gault Site, Texas, USA.” Science Advances 4 (7): eaar5954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willig, Judith A. 1988. “Paleo-Archaic Adaptations and Lakeside Settlement Patterns in the Northern Alkali Basin, Oregon.” In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface, edited by Judith A. Willig, C. Melvin Aikens, and John L. Fagan, 417–482. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers No. 21. Carson City: Nevada State Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Willig, Judith A. 1989. “Paleo-Archaic Broad Spectrum Adaptations at the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary in Far Western North America.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene.
   Google Scholar
• Wriston, Teresa A. 2004. “The Weed Lake Ditch Site: An Early Holocene Occupation on the Shore of Pluvial Lake Malheur, Harney Basin, Oregon.” MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
   Google Scholar
• Yamada, Satoru. 2008. “Change and Behavioral Interpretation of Microblade Assemblages and Technologies in Hokkaido (Japan).” In International Symposium on Human Ecosystem Changes in the Northern Circum Japan Sea Area (NCJSA) in Late Pleistocene, edited by H. Sato, 115–138. Tokyo: Hongo Campus, The University of Tokyo.
   Google Scholar
• Yi, Seonbok, and Geoffrey Clark. 1985. “The ‘Dyuktai Culture’ and New World Origins.” Current Anthropology 26 (1): 1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshizaki, Masakazu. 1959. The Tachikawa Site. Hakodate: Hakodate City Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Younie, Angela Marie. 2015. “Linda’s Point and The Village Site: A New Look at the Chindadn Complex and Archaeological Record at Healy Lake, Alaska.” PhD diss., Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station.
   Google Scholar
• Younie, Angela M., and Thomas E. Gillispie. 2016. “Lithic Technology at Linda’s Point, Healy Lake, Alaska.” Arctic 69 (1): 79–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zdanowicz, C. M., G. A. Zielinski, and M. S. Germani. 1999. “Mount Mazama Eruption: Calendrical Age Verified and Atmospheric Impact Assessed.” Geology 27 (7): 621–624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar