Effect of the use of insecticide-treated bed nets on birth outcomes among Primigravidae in a periurban slum settlement in South-East Nigeria

References

• Mosanya ME. Strategies for implementing roll back malaria: the role of pharmacists. Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy 2001; 32: 20–21.
   Google Scholar
• Feiko O, Ter Kuile DJ, Ter Louw PA, et al. Reduction of malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003; 68(4 suppl): 50–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chukwuani CM. Socio-economic implications of multidrug resistant malaria in the community: how prepared is Nigeria for this emerging problem? West-Afri J Med 1999; 18(4): 303–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WHO Newsletter. Facts and figures about malaria in Africa. Lagos, Nigeria: WHO; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. The African Summit on Roll Back Malaria. Abuja, Nigeria: WHO; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH). National Antimalarial Treatment Policy. 2004. Abuja. Nigeria.
   Google Scholar
• Fievet N, Cot M, Ringwald P, et al. Immune response to Plasmodium falciparum antigen in Cameroonian primigravidae: evolution after delivery and during second pregnancy. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 1997; 107(3): 462–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manendez C. Malaria during pregnancy: a priority area of malaria research and control. Parasitol Today 1995; 11: 17–83.
   Google Scholar
• Rilev EM, Schneider G, Sambou I, Greenwood BM. Suppression of cell mediated immune response to malaria antigen in pregnant Gambian women. Ann—J -Trop—Med—Hyg 1989; 40: 141–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith NC. An immunological hypothesis to explain the enhanced susceptibility to malaria during pregnancy. Parasitol Today 1996; 12: 4–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WHO. Quarterly Bulletin of the World Health Organization. African Summit on Roll Back Malaria: The Abuja Declaration. Abuja, Nigeria; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Parise M.E., Ayisi J.G., Nahlen B.L, Schultz L.J, Roberts Jim, Misore A, et al. Efficacy of Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Prevention of Placental Malaria in an Area of Kenya with a High Prevalence of Malaria and Human Immuno-deficiency Virus Infection. Am-J-Trop-Med- Hyg. 1998, 59 (5): 813–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhoeff F.H, Brabin B.J., Chimsuku L., Kazembe P., Russed WB, Broad head RL. An Evaluation of the Effects of Intermittent Sulphadoxin Pyrimethamine Treatment in Pregnancy in Parasite Clearance and Risk of Low Birth Weight in Rural Malawi. Ann—Trop-Mede-Parasitol. 1998; 92 (2) 14–50.
   Google Scholar
• Shulman C.E., Dorman E.K., Cutts F., Kawuondo K., Bulmer J.N., Peshu N., et al. Intermittent Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine to Prevent Severe Anaemia Secondary to Malaria in Pregnancy: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial. Lancet. 1999; 353: 632–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz L.J., Steketee R.W., Macheso A., Kazembe P., Chitsulo L., Wirima J.J, The Efficacy of Antimalarial Regimem containing Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine and/or Chloroquine in Preventing Peripherial and Placental Plasmodium Falciparum Infection among Pregnant Women in Malawi. Am-J-Trop-Med-Hyg. 1994; 51: 515–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malaria Foundation International. Guidelines on the use of insecticide treated mosquito nets for the prevention and control of malaria in Africa. http://www.malaria.org/itmnl.html (Accessed 20/5/2003).
   Google Scholar
• IDRC Resources Nayudamma. Keeping malaria at bay: insecticide treated nets. http://www.idrc.ca/nayudamma/bednete.html. (Accessed 20/5/2003).
   Google Scholar
• Brieger WR, Onyido AE, Sexton JD, Ezike VI, Breman JG, Ekanem OJ. Monitoring community response to malaria control using insecticide-impregnated bed nets, curtains and residual spray at Nsukka, Nigeria. Health Edu Res 1996; 11(2): 133–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lara Mother Health Care Centre. Malaria in pregnancy. http://www.laramededucation.com/malariapreg.html. 30/12/04
   Google Scholar
• Dolan G., Ter Kuile F.O., Jacoutot V., White N.J., Luxemburger C., Malankirii L. et al. Bed Nets for the Prevention of Malaria and Anaemia in Pregnancy. Trans- R- Soc- Trop- Med—Hyg. 1993; 87: 620–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shulman C.E., Dorman E.K, Talisuna A.O., Lowe B.S. Nevill C., Snow RW.et al. Community Randomised Control Trial of Insecticide Treated Bed Nets for the Prevention of Malaria and Anaemia among Primigravid Women on the Kenyan Coast. Trop-Med-Int-Health. 1998; 3: 197–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown E.N., Maude G.H., Binka F.N. The Impact of Insecticide Treated Bednets on Malaria in Pregnancy, in Kassena—Nankana district: Ghana A Randomised Controlled Trial. Trop. Med. Int. Health. 2001; 6(9): 667–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Hopward PA, et al. Permethrine treated bednets reduce malaria in pregnancy, in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in Western Kenya. Abstracts of the 48th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Trop—Med Hyg. Nov 28-Dec 2, 1999, Abstract II.
   Google Scholar
• Bray R.S, Adderson M.J Falciparum Malaria and Pregnancy. Trans-R-Soc-Trop- Med-Hyg. 1979; 73: 427–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mc Gregor A.I. Epidemiology, malaria and pregnancy. Am.-J-Trop-Med-Hyg. 1984; 33: 517–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steketee R.W., Breman J.G., Paluku K.M, Moore M., Roy J., Ma-Disu M. Malaria Infection in Pregnant Women in Zaire: The effects and the Potential for Intervention. Ann-Trop-Med-Parasitol. 1988; 82: 113–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouvier P., Breslow N, Doumbo O., Robert C.C., Piequest A., Mauris A., et al. Seasonality, Malaria and Impact of Prophylaxis in a West African Village II: Effect on Birth Weight. Am-J-Trop-Med- Hyg. 1997; 56(4): 364–9.
   Google Scholar
• Egwuyenga OA, Ajayi JA, Popova-Duhlinska DD, Nmorsi OP. Malaria infection of the cord and birth weights in Nigerians. Cent—Afr—J—Med 1996; 42(9): 265–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katz David L. Epidemiology Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine Review. U.S.A. W.B. Saunders Company. 1997. 97–101.
   Google Scholar
• Miller AWF, Hanretty K.P. Obstetrics Illustrated, 5th ed. New York. Churchhill Livingstone. 1998: 356.
   Google Scholar
• D'alessandro U., Olaleye B., McGuire W., Langerock P., Benett S., Aikins M. et al. The Gambia National Impregnated Bed Net Programme: Evaluation of Effectiveness by Means of Case Control Studies. Trans- R- Soc-Trop-Med- and Hyg. 1997; 91: 638–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogerson SJ, Chaluluka E, Kanjala M, Mkundika P, Mhango C, et al. (2000) Intermittent sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in pregnancy: Effectiveness against malaria morbidity in Blantyre, Malawi, in 1997–99. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 549–553.
   Google Scholar