Abstinence and faithfulness programmes for prevention of HIV/AIDS among young people: What are the current debates?

References

• Green EC. Rethinking AIDS prevention: Learning from successes in developing countries. Greenwood Press. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Muhangi D. Documentation study of the responses by religious organizations to orphans and vulnerable children: Uganda country study report. Kampala: UNICEF. World Conference on Religions for Peace and the Inter-Religious Council of Uganda. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Family Health International. Abstinence: An option for adolescents: Counselling of adolescents should include both abstinence and the use of contraceptive methods. Network. 2002; 22, (1) http://www.fhi.org/en/RH/Pubs/Network/v22_1/index.htm (Accessed 18/5/2007).
   Google Scholar
• Remez L. Oral sex among adolescents: Is it sex or is it abstinence? Family Planning Perspectives. 2000; 32(6): 298–304.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen S. Beyond slogans: lessons from Uganda's experience with ABC and HIV/AIDS. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004 May; 12(23): 132–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanc AK and Way AA. Sexual behaviour and contraceptive knowledge and use among adolescents in developing countries. Studies in Family Planning. 1998; 29(2): 106–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mensch B, Bruce J and Greene M. The uncharted passage: Girls' adolescence in the developing world. New York: Population Council. 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Forrest JD and Cates W. Stages of women's reproductive life: Impact on contraceptive choice. In Hazeltine FP and LaGuardia K, eds. Opportunities in contraception: Research and development. Washington: American Association for the Advancement of Science. 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Singh S, Darroch JE and Bankole A. A, B and C in Uganda: The roles of abstinence, monogamy and condom use in HIV decline. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004 May; 12(23): 129–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessinger R, Akwara P and Halperin D. Sexual behaviour, HIV, and fertility trends. A comparative analysis of six countries. Phase I of the ABC study. Washington, DC: U.S. Agency for International Development and Measure Evaluation. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Green EC. The new AIDS fight: A plan as simple as ABC. New York Times. 2003 March 1.
   Google Scholar
• Okware S, Opio A, Musinguzi J and Waibale P. Fighting HIV/AIDS: Is success possible? Bulletin of the WHO. 2001; 79(12): 1113–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Bank. Uganda: The Sexually Transmitted Infections project. Findings. Washington: World Bank. 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Asiimwe-Okiror G, Opio AA, Musinguzi J, Madraa E, Tembo G, Carael M. Change in sexual behaviour and decline in HIV infection among young pregnant women in urban Uganda. Aids 1997; 11(14): 1757–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green EC. HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria: Combating a global pandemic. Presentation to the Subcommittee on Health. 2003 March 20. http://energycommerce.house.gov/108/Hearings/03202003hearing832/Green1379.htm (Accessed 16/5/2007)
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. Uganda: The Sexually Transmitted Infections project. Findings. Washington: World Bank. 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Green EC. Rethinking AIDS prevention: Learning from successes in developing countries. Greenwood Press. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Asiimwe-Okiror G, Opio AA, Musinguzi J, Madraa E, Tembo G, Carael M. Change in sexual behaviour and decline in HIV infection among young pregnant women in urban Uganda. Aids 1997; 11(14): 1757–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green EC. AIDS in Africa: a betrayal. The one success story is now threatened by U.S. aid bureaucrats. The Weekly Standard. 2005 January 31; 10(19). http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Protected/Articles/000/000/005/172wwqzc.asp?pg=2 (Accessed 2/5/2007)
   Google Scholar
• Green EC. AIDS in Africa: a betrayal. The one success story is now threatened by U.S. aid bureaucrats. The Weekly Standard. 2005 January 31; 10(19). http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Protected/Articles/000/000/005/172wwqzc.asp?pg=2 (Accessed 2/5/2007)
   Google Scholar
• Brown L. Impact of life skills on adolescent behaviour transitions study results. The transitions team. Horizons. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• McCauley A. Teaching abstinence in schools: Findings from Horizons studies. Horizons. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Liebowitz J. FBOs and HIV/AIDS in Uganda and KZN: Final report. Health Economics and AIDS Research Division. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• USAID. Mobilizing youth for life. Abstinence and be faithful programs make inroads with youth. 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Stoneburner RL and Low-Beer D. Population-level HIV declines and behavioural risk avoidance in Uganda. Science. 2004 April 30; 304(5671): 714–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Darroch JE and Bankole A. A, B and C in Uganda: The roles of abstinence, monogamy and condom use in HIV decline. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004 May; 12(23): 129–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebowitz J. FBOs and HIV/AIDS in Uganda and KZN: Final report. Health Economics and AIDS Research Division. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Bessinger R, Akwara P and Halperin D. Sexual behaviour, HIV and fertility trends. A comparative analysis of six countries. Phase I of the ABC study. Washington, DC: U.S. Agency for International Development and Measure Evaluation. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Grunseit A, Kippax S, Aggleton P, Baldo M and Slutkin G. Sexuality education and young people's sexual behaviour: a review of studies. Journal of Adolescent Research. 1997; 12(4): 421–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dailard C. Abstinence promotion and teen family planning: the misguided drive for equal funding. Guttmacher Report. 2002; 5(1): 1–3.
   Google Scholar
• Trenholm C, Devaney B, Fortson K, Quay L, Wheeler J and Clark M (2007). Impacts of Four Title V, Section 510 Abstinence Education Programs. Final Report. Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. 2007 April.
   Google Scholar
• Blum RW. Uganda AIDS prevention: A, B, C and politics. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004 May; 34(5): 428–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellows B. New Study: Uganda's HIV incidence drops due to condoms, not abstinence or faithfulness. Politics and Policy of HIV/AIDS. 2005
   Google Scholar
• Liebowitz J. FBOs and HIV/AIDS in Uganda and KZN: Final report. Health Economics and AIDS Research Division. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Blum RW. Uganda AIDS prevention: A, B, C and politics. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004 May; 34(5): 428–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinding SW. Does ‘CNN’ (Condoms, Needles, Negotiation) work better than ‘ABC’ (Abstinence, Being Faithful and Condom Use) in attacking the AIDS epidemic? International Family Planning Perspectives. 2005 March; 31(1). http://www.agi-usa.org/pubs/journals/3103805.html (Accessed 20/5/2007)
   Google Scholar
• The Synergy Project. JHU/CCP Namibia research shows most youth don't understand the terms “Abstinence” or “Faithfulness” for HIV prevention. http://www.synergyaids.com/show.asp?id=4023&type=11 (Accessed 2/5/2007)
   Google Scholar
• Brody S. Declining HIV rates in Uganda: Due to cleaner needles, not abstinence or condoms. International Journal of STD/AIDS. 2004 July; 15(7): 440–1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Censo A, Guyatt G, Wilan A and Griffith L. Interventions to reduce unintended pregnancies among adolescents: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials. British Medical Journal. 2002; 324(7351): 1426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipsitz A, Bishop PD and Robinson C. Virginity pledges: Who takes them and how well do they work? Presentation at the annual convention of the American Psychological Society. Atlanta GA. 2003 May 31.
   Google Scholar
• Alan Guttmacher Institute. Beyond slogans: lessons from Uganda's ABC experience. Issues Brief, 2004 February; (2): 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Schleifer R. ABC approach not enough, reports show. Policy Law Review. 2003 December; 8(3):42–3.
   Google Scholar