Oral hypoglycaemic drugs and newer agents use in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

References

• Joshi P, Joshi S. Management of type 2 diabetes: Treating targets and strategies. SAPJ 2008; 75(8): 36–43.
   Google Scholar
• DeFronzo RA. Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 131: 281–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2002; 287: 360–372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saenz A, Fernandez-Esteban I, Mataix A, et al. Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Rev 2005;(3): CD002966.
   Google Scholar
• Wulffele MG, Kooy A, De Zeeuw D, et al. The effect of metformin on blood pressure, plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. J Intern Med. 2004; 256: 1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. Implications of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26 (suppl 1): S28–S32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson JA, Simpson SH, Toth EL, et al. Reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with metformin use in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2005; 22: 497–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirpichnikov D, McFarlane SI, Sowers JR. Metformin: An update. Ann Intern Med. 2002; 137: 25–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, et al. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2003; 163: 2594–2602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glucophage In: Physicians' Desk Reference [electronic version]. Greenwood Village, Colo: Thomson Micromedex; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng AY, Fantus IG. Oral antihyperglycaemic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. CMAJ 2005; 172: 213–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein BJ, Miller JL, et al. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of The Patient With Type 2 Diabetes. 1st ed. 2008; HHC Books; 54–55.
   Google Scholar
• UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 1998; 352: 854–865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenman S, Melander A, Groop PH, et al. What is the benefit of increasing sulfonylurea dose? Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 169–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aguilar-Bryan L, Nichols CG, Wechsler SW, et al. Cloning of the beta cell high affinity sulfonylurea receptor: a regulator of insulin secretion. Science 1995; 268: 423–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Laar FA, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, et al. Alpha glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane database Syst Rev 2005; (2): CD003639.
   Google Scholar
• Iwamoto Y, Kosaka K, Kuzuya T, et al. Effects of troglitazone: a new hypoglycaemic agent in patients with NIDDM poorly controlled by diet therapy. Diabetes care 1996; 19: 151–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn SE, Haffner SM, Heise MA, et al. and the ADOPT study group: Glycaemic durability of rosiglitazone, metformin, or glyburide monotherapy. N Eng J Med 2006; 355: 2427–2443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob AN, Salinas K, Adamd-Huet B, et al. Weight gain in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9: 386–393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granberry MC, Hawkins JB, Franks AM. Thiazolidinediones in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007; 64: 931–936.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruder K. Type 2 drug up risk of fractures. Diabetes forecast 2007; 60: 29–30.
   Google Scholar
• Davis SN. Insulin, hypoglycaemic agents, and the pharmacology of the endocrine pancreas. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL, et al, eds: Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ed. McGraw Hill, New York, NY 2006: 1613–1646.
   Google Scholar
• Chiquette E, Ramirez G, DeFronzo R. A metaanalysis comparing the effect of thiazolidinediones on cardiovascular risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164: 2097–2104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmann AJ, Riddle MC. Current oral agents for type 2 diabetes: many options, but which one to choose when? Postgrad Med. 2002; 111: 32–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJA, et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2005; 366: 1279–1289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi D, Kim SK, Choi SH, et al. Preventative effects of rosiglitazone on restenosis after coronary stent implantation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27: 2654–2660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aschner P, Williams-Herman DE, Lunceford JK, et al. and the Sitagliptin Study 012 Group: Effect of the Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor sitagliptin as monotherapy on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 2632–2637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amori ER, Lau J, Pittas AG. Efficacy and safety of incretin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007; 298: 194–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misbin RI, Green L, Stadel B V et al. Lactic acidosis in patients with diabetes treated with metformin. N Eng J Med 1998; 338: 265–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman BR. Sulphonylureas. Endocrin Metab Clin North Am 1997; 26: 511–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey CJ, Turner RC. Metformin. N Eng J Med 1996; 334: 574–579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cusi K, De Fronzo RA. Metformin: a review of its metabolic effects. Diabetes Rev 1999; 6: 89–130.
   Google Scholar
• Halimi S. DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues: for whom? Which place for incretins in the management of type 2 diabetic patients? Diabetes Metab Feb 2008; 34 Suppl 2: S91–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nauck MA, Wollschlager D, Werner J, Holst JJ, Orskov C, Creutzfeldt W, Willms B. Effects of subcutaneous glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1 [7-36amide] in patients with NIDDM. Diabetologia 1996; 39: 1546–1553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tourrel C, Bailbe D, Lacorne M, Kergoat M, Portha B. Persistent improvement of typ 2 diabetes in the Goto-Kakizaki rat model by expansion of beta-cell mass during the prediabetic period with glucagonlike peptide-1 or exendin-4. Diabetes 2002; 51: 1443–1452.
   Google Scholar
• Zander M, Madsbad S, Madsen JL, Holst JJ. Effect of 6-week course of glucagon-like peptide-1 on glycaemic control, Insullnsensltlvlty, andbðcell function in type 2 diabetes: A parallel-group study. Lancet 2002; 359: 824–830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar