Unsatisfactory testicular position after inguinal orchidopexy: Is there a role for upfront laparoscopy?

References

• Kolon TF, Patel RP, Huff DS. Cryptorchidism: diagnosis, treatment, and long-term prognosis. Urol Clin North Am. 2004;31:469–480.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smolko MJ, Kaplan GW, Brock WA. Location and fate of the nonpalpable testis in children. J Urol. 1983;129:1204–1206.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurz D, Tasian G. Current management of undescended testes. Curr Treat Options Pediatr. 2016;2:43–51.
   Google Scholar
• Galvin DJ, Bredin H. The role of laparoscopy in the management of the impalpable testicle. Ir J Med Sci. 2002;171:73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cortesi N, Ferrari P, Zambarda E, et al. Diagnosis of bilateral abdominal cryptorchidism by laparoscopy. Endoscopy. 1976;8:33–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam S, Radhakrishnan J. Laparoscopy for nonpalpable testes. J Pediatr Surg. 2003;38:1534–1536.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haseeb AA, Okasha S, Elbarawy A. Anterior abdominal wall ectopic testes: A report of two cases. Ann Pediatr Surg. 2016;12:25–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noseworthy J. Recurrent undescended testes. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2003;12:90–93.
   Google Scholar
• Baillie CT, Fearns G, Kitteringham L, et al. Management of the impalpable testis: the role of laparoscopy. Arch Dis Child. 1998;79:419–422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesce C, d’Agostino S, Costa L, et al. Reoperative orchiopexy: surgical aspects and functional outcome. Pediatr Surg Int. 2001;17:62–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redman JF. Inguinal reoperation for undescended testis and hernia: approach to the spermatic cord through the cremaster fascia. J Urol. 2000;164:1705–1707.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farikullah J, Ehtisham S, Nappo S, et al. Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome: lessons learned from managing a series of eight patients over a 10-year period and review of literature regarding malignant risk from the Müllerian remnants. BJU Int. 2012;110:E1084–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steven M, O’Toole S, Lam JP, et al. Laparoscopy versus ultrasonography for the evaluation of Mullerian structures in children with complex disorders of sex development. Pediatr Surg Int. 2012;28:1161–1164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dessanti A, Falchetti D, Iannuccelli M, et al. Cryptorchidism with short spermatic vessels: staged orchiopexy preserving spermatic vessels. J Urol. 2009;182:1163–1167.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudley AG, Sweeney DD, Docimo SG. Orchiopexy after prior inguinal surgery: A distal approach. J Urol. 2011;185:2340–2343.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riquelme M, Aranda A, Rodarte-Shade M, et al. Totally laparoscopic approach for failed conventional orchiopexy. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech. 2012;22:514–517.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sfoungaris D, Mouravas V. A combined preperitoneal and inguinal approach for redo orchiopexy. J Pediatr Urol. 2016;12:43.e1–43.e6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tseng CS, Huang KH, Kuo MC, et al. The impact of primary location and age at orchiopexy on testicular atrophy for congenital undescended testis. Sci Rep. 2019;9:9489.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Plas EM, Zijp GW, Froeling FM, et al. Long-term testicular volume after orchiopexy at diagnosis of acquired undescended testis. J Urol. 2013;190:257–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sijstermans K, Hack WW, van der Voort-doedens LM, et al. Long-term testicular growth and position after orchidopexy for congenital undescended testis. Urol Int. 2009;83:438–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marret JB, Ravasse P, Guleryuz K, et al. Experience of the single scrotal approach for recurrent undescended testis after primary orchiopexy or inguinal surgery [Article in French]. Prog Urol. 2017;27:93–97.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maizels M, Gomez F, Firlit CF. Surgical correction of the failed orchiopexy. J Urol. 1983;130:955–957.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung MW, Chao NS, Wong BP, et al. Laparoscopic mobilization of testicular vessels: an adjunctive step in orchidopexy for impalpable and redo undescended testis in children. Pediatr Surg Int. 2005;21:767–769.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong Q, Zheng L, Tang S, et al. Laparoscopy-assisted orchiopexy for recurrent undescended testes in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2009;44:806–810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar