669
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Passport to Development? Local Perceptions of the Outcomes of Post-Socialist Tourism Policy and Growth in Nicaragua

Pages 265-279 | Published online: 20 Sep 2011

References

  • Barany , M. E. , Hammett , A. L. , Shillington , L. J. and Murphy , B. R. 2001 . The Role of Private Wildlife Reserves in Nicaragua's Emerging Ecotourism Industry . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 9 ( 2 ) : 95 – 110 .
  • Bebbington , A. 1999 . Capitals and Capabilities: A Framework for Analyzing Peasant Viability, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty . World Development , 27 ( 12 ) : 2021 – 44 .
  • Belsky , J. M. 1999 . Misrepresenting Communities: The Politics of Community-Based Rural Tourism in Gales Point Manatee, Belize . Rural Sociology , 64 ( 4 ) : 641 – 66 .
  • Blaikie , P. and Brookfield , H. 1987 . Land Degradation and Society , London : Methuen .
  • Bryant , R. L. 1997 . Beyond the Impasse: The Power of Political Ecology in Third World Environmental Research . Area , 29 ( 1 ) : 5 – 19 .
  • Campbell , L. 1999 . Ecotourism in Rural Developing Communities . Annals of Tourism Research , 26 ( 3 ) : 534 – 53 .
  • Carbone , M. 2005 . Sustainable Tourism in Developing Countries: Poverty Alleviation, Participatory Planning, and Ethical Issues . European Journal of Development Research , 17 ( 3 ) : 559 – 65 .
  • Carroll , R. 2007 . Ortega Banks on Tourism to Beat Poverty . The Guardian. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/jan/07/rorycarroll.theobserver (accessed 13April 2009)
  • Cater , E. 2006 . Ecotourism as Western Construct . Journal of Ecotourism , 5 ( 1–2 ) : 23 – 39 .
  • Christ , C. , Hillel , O. , Matus , S. and Sweeting , J. 2003 . Tourism and Biodiversity: Mapping Tourism's Global Footprint , Washington, DC : UNEP and Conservation International .
  • Dijkstra , E. 1979 . Tourism: Passport to Development? , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Djikstra , A. G. 1999 . Technocracy Questioned: Assessing Economic Stabilisation in Nicaragua . Bulletin of Latin America Research , 18 ( 3 ) : 295 – 310 .
  • Duffy , R. 2002 . A Trip too Far: Ecotourism, Politics, and Exploitation , London : Earthscan .
  • Durham , W. 1995 . “ Political ecology and environmental destruction in Latin America ” . In The Social Causes of Environmental Destruction in Latin America , Edited by: Painter , M. and Durham , W. 249 – 64 . Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press .
  • Gapminder (2010) Gapminder World. Gapminder Foundation. Available at: http://www.gapminder.org/ (accessed 13August 2010).
  • Gasparini , L. , Gutierrez , F. and Tornarolli , L. 2005 . “ Growth and Income Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean: Evidence from Household Surveys. Centro de Estudios Distributivos, Laborales, y Sociales: Documento de Trabajo Nro. 30 ” . Buenos Aires : Universidad Nacional de La Plata .
  • Gindling , T. H. 2008 . South-South Migration: The Impact of Nicaraguan Immigrants on Earnings, Inequality, and Poverty in Costa Rica . World Development , 37 ( 1 ) : 116 – 26 .
  • Greenwood , D. J. 1989 . “ Culture by the pound: An anthropological perspective on tourism as cultural commodification ” . In Hosts and Guests: The Anthropology of Tourism , Edited by: Smith , V. L. 171 – 86 . Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press .
  • Gwynne , R. N. 2004 . Editor's Introduction: Political Economy, Resource Use and Latin American Environments . Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography , 25 ( 3 ) : 247 – 60 .
  • Hawkesworth , S. and García Pérez , J. D. 2003 . Potentials and Constraints of the Farmer-to Farmer Programme for Environmental Protection in Nicaragua . Land Degradation and Development , 14 : 175 – 88 .
  • Hawkins , D. E. and Maun , S. 2007 . The World Bank's Role in Tourism Development . Annals of Tourism Research , 34 ( 2 ) : 348 – 63 .
  • Hecht , S. and Cockburn , A. 1989 . The Fate of the Forest , New York : Harper Collins .
  • Honey , M. , Vargas , E. and Durham , W. 2010 . Impact of Tourism Related Development on the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica: Summary Report , Stanford and Washington, DC : Center for Responsible Travel .
  • IFPRI . 2009 . Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger: Focus on Financial Crisis and Gender Inequality , Bonn, Washington, DC : Dublin: International Food Policy Research Institute .
  • INIDE . 2007 . Estimaciones y Proyecciones de Población Nacional, Departamental, y Municipal: Revisión 2007. [Estimations and Projections of the National, Departmental, and Municipal Population: 2007 Revision] , Managua, Nicaragua : Instituto Nacional de Información de Desarrollo .
  • INIDE . 2008 . Compendio Estadístico. [Statistical Compendium] , Managua, Nicaragua : Instituto Nacional de Información de Desarrollo .
  • INTUR . 2009a . Boletín de Estadísticas de Turismo. [Bulletin of Tourism Statistics] , Managua, Nicaragua : Instituto Nacional de Turismo .
  • INTUR (2009b) Marco Juridico—Ley No. 306. [Legal Framework-Law No. 306]. Instituto Nacional de Turismo. Available at http://www.intur.gob.ni/ley306.html (accessed 13August 2010)
  • Jafari, J. (1990) Research and Scholarship: The Basis of Tourism Education, The Journal of Tourism Studies, 1(1), pp. 33–41.
  • Janzen , D. H. 1988 . “ Tropical dry forests: The most endangered major tropical ecosystem ” . In Biodiversity , Edited by: Wilson , E. O. 130 – 37 . Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
  • Jonakin , J. 1996 . The Impact of Structural Adjustment and Property Rights Conflicts on Nicaragua Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries . World Development , 24 ( 7 ) : 1179 – 91 .
  • Keeling , D. J. 2004 . Latin American Development and the Globalization Imperative: New Directions, Familiar Crises . Journal of Latin American Geography , 3 ( 1 ) : 1 – 21 .
  • Kent , M. 2003 . Ecotourism, Environmental Preservation and Conflicts Over Natural Resources . Horizontes Antropológicos , 9 ( 20 ) : 185 – 203 .
  • Logan , B. I. and Moseley , W. G. 2002 . The Political Ecology of Poverty Alleviation in Zimbabwe's Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) . Geoforum , 33 ( 1 ) : 1 – 14 .
  • Loker , W. M. 1996 . “Campesinos” and the Crisis of Modernization in Latin America . Journal of Political Ecology , 3 : 69 – 88 .
  • Moran , E. , Ostrom , E. and Randolph , J. C. 1998 . A Multilevel Approach to Studying Global Environmental Change in Forest Ecosystems (unpublished) (Bloomington, IN: Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change)
  • Mowforth , M. and Munt , I. 2008 . Tourism and Sustainability: Development, Globalization, and New Tourism in the Third World , London and New York : Routledge .
  • Myers , N. , Mittermeier , R. A. , Mittermeier , C. G. , da Fonseca , G. A.B. and Kent , J. 2000 . Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities . Nature , 403 : 853 – 58 .
  • Nicklaus, J. (2009) Available at: http://www.nicklaus.com/design/nngc/index7.php (13 August 2010)
  • Painter , M. and Durham , W. H. 1995 . The Social Causes of Environmental Destruction in Latin America , Ann Arbor, MI : University of Michigan Press .
  • Pedersen , D. 1996 . Disease Ecology at a Crossroads: Man-Made Environments, Human Rights and Perpetual Development Utopias . Social Science and Medicine , 43 ( 5 ) : 745 – 58 .
  • Peet , R. and Watts , M. 1996 . Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social Movements , London : Routledge .
  • Pielke , R. A. , Rubiera , J. , Landsea , C. , Fernández , M. L. and Klein , R. 2003 . Hurricane Vulnerability in Latin America and the Caribbean: Normalized Damage and Loss Potentials . Natural Hazards Review , 3 : 101 – 14 .
  • Pisani , M. J. 2003 . The Negative Impact of Structural Adjustment on Sectoral Earnings in Nicaragua . Review of Radical Political Economics , 35 ( 2 ) : 107 – 25 .
  • Place , S. 1998 . “ How sustainable is ecotourism in Costa Rica? ” . In Sustainable Tourism: A Geographical Perspective , Edited by: Hall , C. and Lew , A. 107 – 18 . New York : Addison-Wesley-Longman .
  • Pleumarom , A. 2001 . Campaign on Corporate Power in Tourism (COCPIT) Clearinghouse for Reviewing Ecotourism, no 1. (Bangkok: TIM-Team)
  • Stonich , S. 1995 . “ Development, rural impoverishment, and environmental destruction in Honduras ” . In The Social Causes of Environmental Destruction in Latin America , Edited by: Painter , M. and Durham , W. 63 – 99 . Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press .
  • Stonich , S. C. 1998 . Political Ecology of Tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 25 ( 1 ) : 25 – 54 .
  • Stronza , A. 2001 . The Anthropology of Tourism: Forging New Ground for Ecotourism and Other Alternatives . Annual Review of Anthropology , 30 : 261 – 83 .
  • Stronza , A. 2008 . “ The bold agenda of ecotourism ” . In Ecotourism and Conservation in the Americas , Edited by: Stronza , A. and Durham , W. 3 – 17 . Waltingford, UK : CABI .
  • Tosun , C. 2005 . Stages in the Emergence of a Participatory Tourism Development Approach in the Developing World . Geoforum , 36 : 333 – 52 .
  • Tosun , C. and Jenkins , C. L. 1998 . The Evolution of Tourism Planning in Third World Countries: A Critique . Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research , 4 : 101 – 14 .
  • Townsend , P. K. 2009 . Environmental Anthropology: From Pigs to Policies, 2nd edn , Long Grove, IL : Waveland Press .
  • Trejo , I. and Dirzo , R. 2000 . Deforestation of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest: A National and Local Analysis in Mexico . Biological Conservation , 94 : 133 – 42 .
  • Turner , L. 1976 . The International Division of Leisure: Tourism and the Third World . World Development , 4 ( 3 ) : 253 – 60 .
  • UNDP . 2005 . Human Development Report: International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World , York : ted Nations Development Programme .
  • UNWTO (2010) Tourism—An Economic and Social Phenomenon. (Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organization). Available at: http://www.unwto.org/aboutwto/why/en/why.php?op=1 (accessed 13 August 2010).
  • Weinburg , A. , Bellows , S. and Ekster , D. 2002 . Sustaining Ecotourism: Insights and Implications from Two Successful Case Studies . Society and Natural Resources , 15 : 371 – 80 .
  • West , P. and Carrier , J. 2004 . Ecotourism and Authenticity: Getting Away from It All? . Current Anthropology , 45 ( 4 ) : 483 – 91 .
  • Wolf , E. 1972 . Ownership and Political Ecology . Anthropological Quarterly , 45 ( 3 ) : 201 – 5 .
  • World Bank . 2002 . World Development Indicators , New York : World Bank .
  • WTTC (2008) The 2008 Travel & Tourism Economic Research: Nicaragua. Travel & Tourism—The Winds of Change (London: World Travel and Tourism Council).
  • WTTC (2010) Travel & Tourism Economic Impact: Nicaragua (London: World Travel and Tourism Council).
  • Young, E.H. (1999) Balancing Conservation with Development in Small-Scale Fisheries: Is Ecotourism an Empty Promise?, Human Ecology, 27(4), pp. 581–620.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.