Factors influencing innovation among small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs) in marginalized settings: evidence from South Africa

References

• Acs, Z. J., and D. B. Audretsch. 1988. “Innovation in Large and Small Firms: An Empirical Analysis.” The American Economic Review 78 (4): 678–690.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adeyeye, A. D., O. O. Jegede, A. J. Oluwadare, and F. S. Aremu. 2016. “Micro-Level Determinants of Innovation: Analysis of the Nigerian Manufacturing Sector.” Innovation and Development 6 (1): 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Avenyo, E. K., and E. Kraemer-Mbula. 2021. “Innovation and the Performance of Informal Enterprises in Developing Countries: A Gender Perspective.” International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. doi:10.1108/IJGE-11-2020-0174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battersby, J., M. Marshak, and N. Mngqibisa. 2016. Mapping the Invisible: The Informal Food Economy of Cape Town, South Africa. Cape Town: Southern African Migration Programme. doi:10.2307/j.ctvh8r2fq.
   Google Scholar
• Booyens, I. 2011. “Are Small, Medium- and Micro-Sized Enterprises Engines of Innovation? The Reality in South Africa.” Science and Public Policy 38 (1): 67–78. doi:10.3152/030234211X12834251302445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booyens, I., T. G. Hart, and K. H. Ramoroka. 2018. “Local Innovation Networking Dynamics: Evidence from South Africa.” The European Journal of Development Research 30 (4): 749–767.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booyens, I., and C. M. Rogerson. 2016. “Tourism Innovation in the Global South: Evidence from the Western Cape, South Africa.” International Journal of Tourism Research 18 (5): 515–524. doi:10.1002/jtr.v18.5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassiolato, J. E., and H. M. M. Lastres. 2020. “The Framework of ‘Local Productive and Innovation Systems’ and Its Influence on STI Policy in Brazil.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 29 (7): 784–798. doi:10.1080/10438599.2020.1719650.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CeSTII (Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators). 2021. “Innovation in the South African Informal Sector Survey – Statistical Report Baseline Survey in Sweetwaters, KwaZulu-Natal 2017–2018.” Cape Town: Human Sciences Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Charmes, J. 2016. “The Informal Economy: Definitions, Size, Contribution and Main Characteristics.” In The Informal Economy in Developing Nations: Hidden Engine of Innovation?, edited by E. Kraemer-Mbula, and S. Wunsch-Vincent, 13–52. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Charmes, J., F. Gault, and S. Wunsch-Vincent. 2016. “Measuring Innovation in the Informal Economy – Formulating an Agenda.” Journal of Intellectual Capital 19 (3): 1–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S. 2017. “Research on the Characteristics of Innovation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: A Comparative Analysis of Large Enterprises.” Advances in Computer Science Research. Conference on Social Network, Communication and Education.
   Google Scholar
• Cozzens, S., and J. Sutz. 2014. “Innovation in Informal Settings: Reflections and Proposals for a Research Agenda.” Innovation and Development 4: 5–31.
   Google Scholar
• De Beer, J., and C. Armstrong. 2015. “Open Innovation and Knowledge Appropriation in African Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs).” The African Journal of Information and Communication, 16: 60–71.
   Google Scholar
• De Fuentes, C., G. Dutrénit, N. Gras, and F. Santiago. 2020. “Determinants of Innovation and Productivity Across Manufacturing and Services Sectors: Micro Evidence from Mexico.” Innovation and Development 10 (3): 323–345. doi:10.1080/2157930X.2019.1622248.
   Google Scholar
• DSI (Department of Science and Innovation). 2019. White Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation. Pretoria: Department of Science and Innovation.
   Google Scholar
• Egbetokun, A., R. Atta-Ankomah, O. Jegede, and E. Lorenz. 2016. “Firm-level Innovation in Africa: Overcoming Limits and Constraints.” Innovation and Development 6 (2): 161–174. doi:10.1080/2157930X.2016.1224619.
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, F. 2018. “Analysing the Informal Sector in South Africa: Knowledge and Policy Gaps, Conceptual and Data Challenges.” In The South African Informal Sector: Creating Jobs, Reducing Poverty, edited by F. Fourie, 3–25. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fu, X. 2020. Innovation Under the Radar: The Nature and Sources of Innovation in Africa. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781316869482.
   Google Scholar
• Furrawo, T., and C. A. Scheepers. 2018. “Factors Impacting Innovative Capacity of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Cape Town.” Journal of Management and Administration 2: 31–59.
   Google Scholar
• Ganotakis, P., and J. H. Love. 2012. “The Innovation Value Chain in New Technology-Based Firms: Evidence from the U.K.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 29 (5): 839–860.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gault, F. 2018. “Defining and Measuring Innovation in all Sectors of the Economy.” Research Policy 47 (3): 617–622.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gómez, J., I. Salazar, P. Vargas, and N. Georgantzis. 2016. “Sources of Information as Determinants of Product and Process Innovation.” PLOS ONE 11 (4): e0152743. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong, H., L. Nie, Y. Peng, S. Peng, and Y. Liu. 2020. “The Innovation Value Chain of Patents: Breakthrough in the Patent Commercialization Trap in Chinese Universities.” PLoS One 15 (3): e0230805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hage, J., and J. R. Hollingsworth. 2000. “A Strategy for the Analysis of Idea Innovation Networks and Institutions.” Organization Studies 21 (5): 971–1004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, M. T., and J. Birkinshaw. 2007. “The Innovation Value Chain.” Harvard Business Review 85 (6): 121–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, T., and P. Jacobs. 2013. “RIAT Pilot Methodology: A Practical Approach.” RIAT Concept Paper # 8. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, T., P. Jacobs, and H. Mangqalaza. 2012. “Key Concepts in Innovation Studies – Towards Working Definitions.” RIAT Concept Paper # 2. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, T. G., K. H. Ramoroka, P. T. Jacobs, B. A. Letty, and T. Hart. 2015. “Revealing the Social Face of Innovation.” South African Journal of Science 111 (9/10): 1–6. doi:10.17159/sajs.2015/20140126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartmann, M. R. K., and R. K. Hartmann. 2016. “Informal Innovation: A Hidden Source of Improvement in Work and Organizations.” Paper presented at 14th International Open and User Innovation Conference 2016, Boston, United States. Accessed 6 June 2022. https://oui2016.exordo.com/files/papers/15/initial_draft/OUI_2016.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Heeks, R., C. Foster, and Y. Nugroho. 2014. “New Models of Inclusive Innovation for Development.” Innovation and Development 4: 175–185.
   Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J., J. A. Garrigos, and I. Gil-Pechuan. 2011. “Making Sense of Innovation by R&D and Non-R&D Innovators in Low Technology Contexts: A Forgotten Lesson for Policymakers.” Technovation 31 (9): 427–446. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2011.06.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HSRC (Human Sciences Research Council). 2020. “Innovation Performance in South African Businesses, 2014-2016: Activities, Outcomes, Enablers, Constraints.” Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (CeSTII). Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Kahn, K. B. 2018. “Understanding Innovation.” Business Horizons 61 (3): 453–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, A., M. Sithole, and Y. Buchana. 2022. “An Analysis of the Impact of Technological Innovation on Productivity in South African Manufacturing Firms using Direct Measures of Innovation.” South African Journal of Economics 90 (1): 37–56. doi:10.1111/saje.v90.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasongo, A., M. Sithole, and Y. Buchana. 2021. “Empirical Analysis of Innovation and Productivity in Services Firms: The Case of South Africa.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 25: 1–13. doi:10.1080/20421338.2021.2001207.
   Google Scholar
• Kasseeah, H. 2013. “Innovation and Performance in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Evidence from Mauritius.” Innovation and Development 3 (2): 259–275. doi:10.1080/2157930X.2013.825069.
   Google Scholar
• Kraemer-Mbula, E., and W. Wamae. 2010. Innovation and the Development Agenda. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and International Development Research Centre (IDRC).
   Google Scholar
• Kraemer-Mbula, E., and S. Wunsch-Vincent, eds. 2016. The Informal Economy in Developing Nations: Hidden Engine of Innovation? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lema, R., E. Kraemer-Mbula, and M. Rakas. 2021. “Innovation in Developing Countries: Examining Two Decades of Research.” Innovation and Development 11 (2-3): 189–210. doi:10.1080/2157930X.2021.1989647.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorentzen, J. 2010. “Low Income Countries and Innovation Studies: A Review of Recent Literature.” African Journal of Science and Technology, Innovation and Development 2 (3): 46–81.
   Google Scholar
• Lukhele, N., and O. Soumonni. 2020. “Modes of Innovation Used by SMMEs to Tackle Social Challenges in South Africa.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 1–9. doi:10.1080/20421338.2020.1834960.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manyati, T. K., and M. Mustau. 2019a. “Solving Local Needs Through Innovation Small and Medium Enterprises in Harare, Zimbabwe.” Africa Insight 49 (1): 1–17.
   Google Scholar
• Manyati, T. K., and M. Mutsau. 2019b. “Exploring Technological Adaptation in the Informal Economy: A Case Study of Innovations in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Zimbabwe.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 11 (2): 253–259. doi:10.1080/20421338.2018.1552650.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mhula-Links, A. L., T. Hart, and P. Jacobs. 2014. “The Dynamics of Local Innovations Among Formal and Informal Enterprises: Stories from Rural South Africa.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 6 (3): 175–184. doi:10.1080/20421338.2014.940168.
   Google Scholar
• Mkalama, B., B. Ndemo, J. Maalu, and G. Pokhariyal. 2021. “Determinants of Innovativeness in Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya: Unpacking Entrepreneurial Orientation.” Archives of Business Research 9 (3): 1–27.
   Google Scholar
• Mulibana, L., and R. Rena. 2020. “Innovation Activities of Informal Micro-Enterprises in Gauteng, South Africa: A Systematic Review of the Literature.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 13 (4): 425–435.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Planning Commission. 2012. Our Future - Make it Work: National Development Plan 2030. Pretoria: NPC (National Planning Commission). Accessed 11 September 2021. https://www.gov.za/issues/national-development-plan-2030.
   Google Scholar
• Ndesaulwa, A. P., and J. Kikula. 2016. “The Impact of Innovation on Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania: A Review of Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Business and Management Sciences 4 (1): 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Nieman, G. 2006. Small Business Management: A South African Approach. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• OECD/Eurostat. 2018. Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation. The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities. 4th ed. Paris: OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Oerlemansa, L., K. Chan, J. Knobenc, and P. Vermeulend. 2021. “Keep it Simple: External Resource Utilisation and Incremental Product Innovation in Resource-Challenged South African Manufacturing Firms.” Industry and Innovation 29 (1): 102–130. doi:10.1080/13662716.2021.1997724.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkerson, C., F. Mabusela, M. Silevu, C. Persensie, T. Maseko, M. Mchunu, Z. Vazi, K. Mullagie, and C. Madell. 2018. Karoo Regional Small Town Regeneration Initiative. Concept Document. Pretoria: South African Local Government Association.
   Google Scholar
• Ramoroka, K. 2018. The Rural Innovation Assessment Toolbox (RIAT) Manual. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Restrepo-Morales, J. A., O. L. Loaiza, and J. G. Vanegas. 2019. “Determinants of Innovation: A Multivariate Analysis in Colombian Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises”. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science 24 (47): 97–112. doi:10.1108/JEFAS-09-2018-0095.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, C. 2004. “The Impact of the South African Government’s SMME Programmes: A Ten-Year Review.” Development Southern Africa 21: 765–784.
   Google Scholar
• Roper, S., and S. Arvanitis. 2012. “From Knowledge to Added Value: A Comparative, Panel-Data Analysis of the Innovation Value Chain in Irish and Swiss Manufacturing Firms.” Research Policy 41 (6): 1093–1106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roper, S., J. Du, and J. H. Love. 2008. “Modelling the Innovation Value Chain.” Research Policy 37 (6–7): 961–977.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shefer, D., and A. Frenkel. 2005. “R&D, Firm Size and Innovation: An Empirical Analysis.” Technovation 25 (1): 25–32. doi:10.1016/S0166-4972(03)00152-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh, F. A. 2018. “Undervaluation of Informal Sector Innovations: Making a Case for Revisiting Methodology.” African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 11 (4): 505–512. doi:10.1080/20421338.2018.1532630.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh, F. A., and S. Bhaduri. 2020. “Grassroots Innovations in the Informal Economy: Insights from Value Theory.” Oxford Development Studies 48 (1): 85–99. doi:10.1080/13600818.2020.1717453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, S., and B. Bhowmick. 2015. “An Exploratory Study for Conceptualization of Rural Innovation in Indian Context.” Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 207: 807–815. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.171.
   Google Scholar
• Small Enterprise Development Agency. 2016. “The Small Medium and Micro Enterprises Sector of South Africa.” Research Note #1. Pretoria: Small Enterprise Development Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Walter, C. E., C. M. Veloso, and P. O. Fernandes. 2019. “The Determinants of Innovation in Micro and Small Enterprises in the Northeast of Brazil.” Quality Management 20 (172): 84–88.
   Google Scholar