Testing the impact of geopolitics on European democratic countries’ soft power use

References

• Babst, D.V., 1972. A force for peace. Industrial Research, 14, 55–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri, K. and Omar, M.G.K., 2016. Correlates of war project trade data set codebook. Version 4.0. Online. http://correlatesofwar.org
   Google Scholar
• Boschee, E., et al., 2015, ICEWS coded event data. doi:10.7910/DVN/28075. Harvard Dataverse, V21.
   Google Scholar
• Browning, C.S., 2002. Coming home or moving home? Westernizing’ narratives in Finnish foreign policy and the reinterpretation of past identities. Cooperation and Conflict, 37 (1), 47–72. doi:10.1177/0010836702037001691
   Google Scholar
• Clerc, L., 2015. Gaining recognition and understanding on her own terms: the Bureaucracy of Finland’s image policy, 1948–66ʹ. Histories of Public Diplomacy and Nation Branding in the Nordic and Baltic Countries: Representing the Periphery, 145–171.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, J.W., 2000. Threats and promises: the pursuit of international influence. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• De Mesquita, B.B., Morrow, J.D., and Zorick, E.R., 1997. Capabilities, perception, and escalation. American Political Science Review, 91 (1), 15–27. doi:10.2307/2952256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, M.W., 1986. Liberalism and world politics revisited. American Political Science Review, 80, 1151–1169. doi:10.2307/1960861
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fearon, J.D., 1994. Signaling versus the balance of power and interests an empirical test of a crisis bargaining model. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 38 (2), 236–269.s. doi:10.1177/0022002794038002004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallarotti, G.M. 2010. Cosmopolitan Power in International Relations: a Synthesis of Realism, Neoliberalism, and Constructivism. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gallarotti, G.M., 2011. Soft power: what it is, why it’s important, and the conditions for its effective use. Journal of Political Power, 4 (1), 25–47. doi:10.1080/2158379X.2011.557886
   Google Scholar
• Gallarotti, G., 2018. How to measure soft power. Polis, 2020 (1), 89–103.
   Google Scholar
• Gibler, D.M., 2008. International Military Alliances, 1648-2008. Washington DC: CQ Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gilpin, R., 2011. Global political economy: understanding the international economic order. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hiers, W., Soehl, T., and Wimmer, A., 2017. National Trauma and the fear of foreigners: how past geopolitical threat heightens anti-immigration sentiment today. Social Forces, 96 (1), 361–388. doi:10.1093/sf/sox045
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huth, P., 1996. Enduring rivalries and territorial disputes, 1950–1990. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 15, 7–41. doi:10.1177/073889429601500102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inglehart, R., 1999. Trust, well-being and democracy. In: M.E. Warren, ed. Democracy and trust. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 88–120.
   Google Scholar
• Inglehart, R. and Baker, W.E., 2000. Modernization, cultural change, and the persistence of traditional values. American Sociological Review, 65 (1), 19–51. doi:10.2307/2657288
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ipatti, L., 2019. At the ROOTS of the ‘FINLAND BOOM’ the Implementation of Finnish Image Policy in Japan in the 1960s. Scandinavian Journal of History, 44 (1), 103–130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain, B.M., 2017. China’s soft power diplomacy in South Asia. Myth or reality? Lanham, Boulder, New York, London: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Landes, D., 1998. Wealth and poverty of nations. New York: NY. W.W. Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Langer, W.L., 1950. European alliances and alignments. 2nd ed. New York: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• La Porta, R., et al., 1999. The quality of government. The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 15 (1), 222–279. doi:10.1093/jleo/15.1.222
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurence, E.J., 1990. Events data and policy analysis. Policy Sciences, 23 (2), 111–132.
   Google Scholar
• Leetaru, K. and Schrodt, P.A., 2013. Global data on events, location, and tone, 1979–2012. ISA Annual Convention, 2 (4), 1–49. Citeseer.
   Google Scholar
• Levine, R.A. and Campbell, D.T., 1972. Ethnocentrism: theories of conflict, ethnic attitudes, and group behavior. New York: John Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Maoz, Z. and Abdolali, N., 1989. Regime types and international conflict, 1816–1976. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 33 (1), 3–35. doi:10.1177/0022002789033001001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maoz, Z. and Henderson, E.A., 2013. The world religion dataset, 1945-2010: logic, estimates, and trends. International Interactions, 39, 265–291. doi:10.1080/03050629.2013.782306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall, M.G. and Gurr, T.R., 2020. Polity V project. Political regime characteristics and transitions; 1800-2018. Dataset users’ manual. Center for Systemic Peace.
   Google Scholar
• McClory, J., 2012. The new persuaders II: an international ranking of soft power. By Institute for Government GB.
   Google Scholar
• McClory, J., 2015. The soft power 30. A global ranking of soft power. Portland.
   Google Scholar
• McClory, J., 2016. The soft power 30. A global ranking of soft power. Portland.
   Google Scholar
• McClory, J., 2017 The soft power 30. A global ranking of soft power. Portland.
   Google Scholar
• Mc Clory, J., 2018. The soft power 30. A global ranking of soft power. Portland.
   Google Scholar
• McClory, J., 2019. The soft power 30. A global ranking of soft power. Portland.
   Google Scholar
• Mearsheimer, J.J., 2001. The tragedy of great power politics. New York: Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Education and Culture. (2019) EU and International Cooperation in Art sand Culture. <https://minedu.fi/en/EU-and-international-cooperation-culture> date accessed 11/14/19
   Google Scholar
• Moisio, S., 1998. Finland, geopolitical image of threat and the post‐cold war confusion. Geopolitics, 3 (3), 104–124. doi:10.1080/14650049808407630
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, T.C. and Campbell, S.H., 1991. Domestic structure, decisional constraints, and war so why Kant democracies fight? Journal of Conflict Resolution, 35 (2), 187–211. doi:10.1177/0022002791035002003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, T.C. and Palmer, G., 2000. A model of foreign policy substitutability selecting the right tools for the job (s). Journal of Conflict Resolution, 44 (1), 11–32. doi:10.1177/0022002700044001002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrow, J.D., 1985. A continuous-outcome expected utility theory of war. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 29, 473–502. doi:10.1177/0022002785029003005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrow, J.D., 1997. A rational choice approach to international conflict. In: N. Geva and A. Mintz, eds. Decision making on war and peace: the cognitive-rational debate. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Press.
   Google Scholar
• Naim, M., 2014. The end of power: from boardrooms to battlefields and churches to states, why being in charge isn't what it used to be. Hachette UK.
   Google Scholar
• Nye, J., 1990. Bound to lead. The changing nature of American power. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Nye, J.S., 2011. Future of power. New York: Public Affairs.
   Google Scholar
• Oneal, J.R. and Russett, B., 1999. The Kantian peace: the pacific benefits of democracy, interdependence, and international organizations, 1885–1992. World Politics, 52 (1), 1–37. doi:10.1017/S0043887100020013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer, G. and Morgan, T.C., 2006. A theory of foreign policy. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parmar, I. and Cox, M., 2010. Soft power and US foreign policy. In: Theoretical, Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Przeworski, A., Limongi, F., and Giner, S., 1995. Political regimes and economic growth. In: Democracy and development. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 3–27.
   Google Scholar
• Rummel, R., 1983. Libertarianism and international violence. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 27 (1), 27–71. doi:10.1177/0022002783027001002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russett, B., 1993. Grasping the democratic peace. NJ: Princeton. Prince ton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sberro, S., 2007. Finnish soft power 1975-2006. Conference Paper at ISA Annual Conference. Chicago, Illinois.
   Google Scholar
• Sherif, M., 1966. Group conflict and co-operation: their social psychology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, J.D., 1987. Reconstructing the correlates of war dataset on material capabilities of states, 1816-1985. International Interactions, 14, 115–132. doi:10.1080/03050628808434695
   Google Scholar
• Singer, J.D., Bremer, S., and Stuckey, J., 1972. Capability distribution, uncertainty, and major power war, 1820-1965. In: B. Russett, ed. Peace, war and numbers. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 19–48.
   Google Scholar
• Sun, H.H., 2008. International political marketing: a case study of United States soft power and public diplomacy. Journal of Public Affairs, 8 (3), 165–183. doi:10.1002/pa.301
   Google Scholar
• Trunkos, J., 2021. Comparing Russian, Chinese and American soft power use: a new approach. Global Society 35 (3) , 395–418.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentino, B., Huth, P.K., and Croco, S.E., 2010. bear any burden? How democracies minimize the costs of war. The Journal of Politics, 72 (2), 528–544. doi:10.1017/S0022381609990831
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walt, S.M., 1985. Alliance formation and the balance of world power. International Security, 9 (4), 3–43. doi:10.2307/2538540
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waltz, K.N., 1979. Theory of international politics. New York: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Wimmer, A., 2002. Nationalist exclusion and ethnic conflict: shadows of modernity. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar