979
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

‘I like the “outernet” stuff:’ girls’ perspectives on physical activity and their environments

ORCID Icon, , & ORCID Icon
Pages 599-617 | Received 29 May 2018, Accepted 18 Dec 2018, Published online: 31 Dec 2018

References

  • Ahmed, S. 2010. “Orientations Matter.” In New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics, edited by D. Coole and S. Frost, 234–257. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. doi:10.1215/9780822392996.
  • Alaimo, S. 2008. “Trans-Corporeal Feminisms and the Ethical Space of Nature.” In Material Feminisms, edited by S. Alaimo and S. Hekman, 237–264, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
  • Allender, S., G. Cowburn, and C. Foster. 2006. “Understanding Participation in Sport and Physical Activity among Children and Adults: A Review of Qualitative Studies.” Health Education Research 21 (6): 826–835. doi:10.1093/her/cyl063.
  • Andrews, G. J., E. Hall, B. Evans, and R. Colls. 2012. “Moving beyond Walkability: On the Potential of Health Geography.” Social Science and Medicine 75 (11): 1925–1932. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.08.013. Elsevier Ltd.
  • Änggård, E. 2011. “Children’s Gendered and Non-Gendered Play in Natural Spaces.” Children, Youth and Environments 21 (2): 5–33. doi:10.7721/chilyoutenvi.21.2.0005.
  • Änggård, E. 2016. “How Matter Comes to Matter in Children’s Nature Play: Posthumanist Approaches and Children’s Geographies.” Children’s Geographies 14 (1): 77–90. doi:10.1080/14733285.2015.1004523. Taylor & Francis.
  • Arvidsen, J. 2018. “Growing Dens. On Re-grounding the Child–nature Relationship Through a New Materialist Approach to Children’s Dens.” Children's Geographies 16 (3): 279-291. doi: 10.1080/14733285.2018.1425371.
  • Atkin, A. J., T. Gorely, S. J. H. Biddle, N. Cavill, and C. Foster. 2011. “Interventions to Promote Physical Activity in Young People Conducted in the Hours Immediately after School: A Systematic Review.” International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 18: 176–187. doi:10.1007/s12529-010-9111-z.
  • Auerbach, C. F., and L. B. Silverstein. 2003. An Introduction to Coding and Analysis: Qualitative Data. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Barad, K. 2003. “Posthumanist Performativity: Toward an Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 28 (3): 801–831. doi:10.1086/345321.
  • Baskin, M. L., A. Dulin-Keita, H. Thind, and E. Godsey. 2015. “Social and Cultural Environment Factors Influencing Physical Activity among African-American Adolescents.” Journal of Adolescent Health 56 (5): 536–542. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.01.012.
  • Baxter, J., and J. Eyles. 1997. “Evaluating Qualitative Research in Social Geography: Establishing ‘Rigour’ in Interview Analysis.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 22 (4): 505–525. doi:10.1111/j.0020-2754.1997.00505.x.
  • Biddle, S. J. H., S. H. Whitehead, T. M. O’Donovan, and M. E. Nevill. 2005. “Correlates of Participation in Physical Activity for Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature.” Journal of Physical Activity & Health 2 (4): 423–434. doi:10.1123/jpah.2.4.423.
  • Blacksher, E., and G. S. Lovasi. 2012. “Place-Focused Physical Activity Research, Human Agency, and Social Justice in Public Health Taking Agency Seriously in Studies of the Built Environment.” Health & Place 18: 172–179. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.08.019.
  • Braun, V., V. Clarke, and P. Weate. 2010. “Using Thematic Analysis in Sport and Exercise Research.” In International Handbook on Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise, edited by B. Smith and A. C. Sparkes, 191–218. London: Routledge.
  • Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2006. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2): 77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
  • Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2014. “What Can ‘Thematic Analysis’ Offer Health and Wellbeing Researchers?” International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Wellbeing 9. doi:10.3402/qhw.v9.26152.
  • Brown, B., R. Mackett, Y. Gong, K. Kitazawa, and J. Paskins. 2008. “Gender Differences in Children’s Pathways to Independent Mobility.” Children’s Geographies 6 (4): 385–401. doi:10.1080/14733280802338080.
  • Camacho-Miñano, M. J., N. M. LaVoi, and D. J. Barr-Anderson. 2011. “Interventions to Promote Physical Activity among Young and Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review.” Health Education Research 26 (6): 1025–1049. doi:10.1093/her/cyr040.
  • Casey, M. M., R. M. Eime, W. R. Payne, and J. T. Harvey. 2009. “Using a Socioecological Approach to Examine Participation in Sport and Physical Activity among Rural Adolescent Girls.” Qualitative Health Research 19 (7): 881–893. doi:10.1177/1049732309338198.
  • Chemero, A. 2003. “An Outline of a Theory of Affordances.” Ecological Psychology 15 (2): 181–195. doi:10.1207/S15326969ECO1502_5.
  • Christensen, J. H., L. Mygind, and P. Bentsen. 2015. “Conceptions of Place: Approaching Space, Children and Physical Activity.” Children’s Geographies 13 (5): 589–603. doi:10.1080/14733285.2014.927052. Taylor & Francis.
  • Clark, M. I., J. C. Spence, and N. L. Holt. 2011. “In the Shoes of Young Adolescent Girls: Understanding Physical Activity Experiences through Interpretive Description.” Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health 3 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/2159676X.2011.572180.
  • Coen, S. 2018. “Connecting Qualitative Research on Exercise and Environment to Public Health Agendas Requires And Equity Lens.” Health & Place 53 (September): 264-267. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.09.005.
  • Coen, S. E., M. W. Rosenberg, and J. Davidson. 2018. ““It’s Gym, like G-Y-M Not J-I-M”: Exploring the Role of Place in the Gendering of Physical Activity.” Social Science and Medicine 196:: 29–36. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.036.
  • Colley, R. C., D. Garriguet, C. L. Ian Janssen, J. C. Craig, and M. S. Tremblay. 2011. “Physical Activity of Canadian Children and Youth: Accelerometer Results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey.” Health Reports 22 (1): 14–23.
  • Connell, R. 2012. “Gender, Health and Theory: Conceptualizing the Issue, in Local and World Perspective.” Social Science & Medicine 74 (11): 1675–1683. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.006.
  • Crespo, N. C., K. Corder, S. Marshall, G. J. Norman, K. Patrick, J. F. Sallis, and J. P. Elder. 2013. “An Examination of Multilevel Factors that May Explain Gender Differences in Children’s Physical Activity.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 10 (7): 982–992.
  • Davison, K. K., and C. T. Lawson. 2006. “Do Attributes in the Physical Environment Influence Children’s Physical Activity? A Review of the Literature.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 3: 19. doi:10.1186/1479-Received.
  • De, V. E., D. T. D. de Ridder, and J. B. F. de Wit. 2011. “Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviours among Young People: A Systematic Review of Reviews.” Obesity Reviews 12 (501): 130–142. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00784.x.
  • Dowda, M., T. L. McKenzie, D. A. Cohen, M. M. Scott, K. R. Evenson, A. L. Bedimo-Rung, C. C. Voorhees, and M. J. C. A. Almeida. 2007. “Commercial Venues as Supports for Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls.” Preventive Medicine 45 (2–3): 163–168. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.001.
  • Dunton, G. F., C. K. Whalen, L. D. Jamner, and J. N. Floro. 2007. “Mapping the Social and Physical Contexts of Physical Activity across Adolescence Using Ecological Momentary Assessment.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine 34 (2): 144–153. doi:10.1007/BF02872669.
  • Dwyer, J. M., K. R. Allison, E. R. Goldenberg, A. J. Fein, K. K. Yoshida, and M. A. Boutilier. 2006. “Adolescent Girls’ Perceived Barriers to Participation in Physical Activity.” Adolescence 41 (161): 75–89.
  • Dyck, I. 1999. “Using Qualitative Methods in Medical Geography: Deconstructive Moments in a Subdiscipline?.” The Professional Geographer 51 (2): 243–253. doi:10.1111/0033-0124.00161.
  • Dyment, J. E., and A. C. Bell. 2007. “Active by Design: Promoting Physical Activity through School Ground Greening.” Children’s Geographies 5 (4): 463–477. doi:10.1080/14733280701631965.
  • Dyment, J. E., A. C. Bell, and A. J. Lucas. 2009. “The Relationship between School Ground Design and Intensity of Physical Activity.” Children’s Geographies 7 (3): 261–276. doi:10.1080/14733280903024423.
  • Evans, B. 2006. “‘I’d Feel Ashamed’: Girls’ Bodies and Sports Participation.” Gender, Place and Culture 13 (5): 547–561. doi:10.1080/09663690600858952.
  • Evenson, K. R., M. M. Scott, D. A. Cohen, and C. C. Voorhees. 2007. “Girls’ Perception of Neighborhood Factors on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and BMI.” Obesity 15 (2): 430–445. doi:10.1038/oby.2007.502.
  • Ferreira, I., K. van der Horst, W. Wendel-Vos, S. Kremers, F. J. Van Lenthe, and J. Brug. 2007. “Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity in Youth - A Review and Update.” Obesity Reviews 8 (2): 129–154. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00264.x.
  • Fleming, P. J., J. G. L. Lee, and S. L. Dworkin. 2014. “‘Real Men Don’t’: Constructions of Masculinity and Inadvertent Harm in Public Health Interventions.” American Journal of Public Health 104 (6): 1029–1035. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301820.
  • Fullagar, S. 2017. “Post-Qualitative Inquiry and the New Materialist Turn: Implications for Sport, Health and Physical Culture Research.” Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health 9 (2): 247–257. doi:10.1080/2159676X.2016.1273896. Routledge.
  • Gibson, J. J. 1979. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Gorely, T., R. Holroyd, and D. Kirk. 2003. “Muscularity, the Habitus and the Social Construction of Gender: Towards a Gender- Relevant Physical Education.” Source British Journal of Sociology of Education 24 (4): 429–448. doi:10.1080/01425690301923.
  • Gray, C., R. Gibbons, R. Larouche, E. B. H. Sandseter, A. Bienenstock, M. Brussoni, G. Chabot, et al. 2015. “What Is the Relationship between Outdoor Time and Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Physical Fitness in Children? A Systematic Review.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 (6): 6455–6474. doi:10.3390/ijerph120606455.
  • Hallal, P. C., L. B. Andersen, F. C. Bull, R. Guthold, W. Haskell, U. Ekelund, J. R. Alkandari, et al. 2012. “Global Physical Activity Levels: Surveillance Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects.” The Lancet 380 (9838): 247–257. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60646-1.
  • Hayball, F., P. Mccrorie, A. Kirk, A. M. Gibson, and A. Ellaway. 2017. “Exploring Children’s Perceptions of Their Local Environment in Relation to Time Spent Outside.” Children and Society. doi:10.1111/chso.12217.
  • Jago, R., J. L. Kyle MacDonald-Wallis, A. S. Thompson, R. B. Page, and K. R. Fox. 2011. “Better with a Buddy: Influence of Best Friends on Children’s Physical Activity.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 43 (2): 259–265. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181edefaa.
  • Klinker, C. D., J. Schipperijn, J. Kerr, A. K. Ersbøll, and J. Troelsen. 2014. “Context-Specific Outdoor Time and Physical Activity among School-Children across Gender and Age: Using Accelerometers and GPS to Advance Methods.” Frontiers in Public Health 2 (March). doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00020.
  • Krueger, R., and M. A. Casey. 2000. Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Kuo, J., K. H. Schmitz, K. R. Evenson, T. L. McKenzie, J. B. Jobe, A. L. Rung, J. Gittelsohn, and R. R. Pate. 2009. “Physical and Social Contexts of Physical Activities among Adolescent Girls.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 6 (2): 144–152. doi:10.1123/jpah.6.2.144
  • Larsen, K., J. Gilliland, and P. M. Hess. 2012. “Route-Based Analysis to Capture the Environmental Influences on a Child’s Mode of Travel between Home and School.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (6): 1348–1365. doi:10.1080/00045608.2011.627059.
  • Lee, J., and R. Abbott. 2009. “Physical Activity and Rural Young People’s Sense of Place.” Children’s Geographies 7 (2): 191–208. doi:10.1080/14733280902798894.
  • Letendre, J., and L. R. Williams. 2014. “‘I Hear You’: Using Focus Groups to Give Voice to Adolescent Girls’ Experiences with Violence.” Social Work with Groups 37 (2): 114–128. doi:10.1080/01609513.2013.823832.
  • Loebach, J., and J. Gilliland. 2010. “Child-Led Tours to Uncover Children’s Perceptions and Use of Neighborhood Environments.” Children Youth and Environments 20 (1): 52–90. doi:10.7721/chilyoutenvi.20.1.0052.
  • Loebach, J. E., and J. A. Gilliland. 2014. “Free Range Kids? Using GPS-Derived Activity Spaces to Examine Children’s Neighborhood Activity and Mobility.” Environment and Behavior 48 (3): 421–453. doi:10.1177/0013916514543177.
  • Mackett, R., B. Brown, Y. Gong, K. Kitazawa, and J. Paskins. 2007. “Children’s Independent Movement in the Local Environment.” Built Environment 33 (4): 454–468. doi:10.2148/benv.33.4.454.
  • Malone, K. 2016. “Theorizing a Child–Dog Encounter in the Slums of La Paz Using Post-Humanistic Approaches in order to Disrupt Universalisms in Current ‘Child in Nature’ Debates.” Children’s Geographies 14 (4): 390–407. doi:10.1080/14733285.2015.1077369. Taylor & Francis.
  • Mannay, D. 2010. “Making the Familiar Strange: Can Visual Research Methods Render the Familiar Setting More Perceptible?.” Qualitative Research 10 (1): 91–111. doi:10.1177/1468794109348684.
  • Mårtensson, F., M. Jansson, M. Johansson, A. Raustorp, M. Kylin, and C. Boldemann. 2014. “The Role of Greenery for Physical Activity Play at School Grounds.” Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 13 (1): 103–113. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.10.003.
  • McGrath, L. J., W. G. Hopkins, and E. A. Hinckson. 2015. “Associations of Objectively Measured Built-Environment Attrbutes with Youth Moderate–Vigorous Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Sports Medicine 45 (6): 841–865. doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0301-3.
  • Mears, R., and R. Jago. 2016. “Effectiveness of after-School Interventions at Increasing Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels in 5- to 18-Year Olds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” British Journal of Sports Medicine 50: 1315–1324. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094976.
  • Merewether, J. 2018. “New Materialisms and Children’s Outdoor Environments: Murmurative Diffractions.” Children’s Geographies: 1–13. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/14733285.2018.1471449.
  • Mitchell, C. A., A. F. Clark, and J. A. Gilliland. 2016. “Built Environment Influences of Children’s Physical Activity: Examining Differences by Neighbourhood Size and Sex.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13: 1. doi:10.3390/ijerph13010130.
  • Moore, J. B., M. W. Beets, A. T. Kaczynski, G. M. Besenyi, S. F. Morris, M. B. Kolbe, and M. B. Kolbe. 2014. “Sex Moderates Associations between Perceptions of the Physical and Social Environments and Physical Activity in Youth.” American Journal of Health Promotion 29 (2): 132–135. doi:10.4278/ajhp.121023-ARB-516.
  • Norman, G., S. Nutter, R. Sherry, J. Sallis, K. Calfas, and K. Patrick. 2006. “Community Design and Access to Recreational Facilities as Correlates of Adolescent Physical Activity and Body-Mass Index.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 3 (Suppl 1): S118–28. doi:10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s118.
  • Pagels, P., A. Raustorp, A. P. De Leon, F. Mårtensson, M. Kylin, and C. Boldemann. 2014. “A Repeated Measurement Study Investigating the Impact of School Outdoor Environment upon Physical Activity across Ages and Seasons in Swedish Second, Fifth and Eighth Graders.” BMC Public Health 14 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-803.
  • Pate, R. R., N. Colabianchi, M. J. Dwayne Porter, F. L. Almeida, and M. Dowda. 2008. “Physical Activity and Neighborhood Resources in High School Girls.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 34 (5): 413–419. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.12.026.
  • Patnode, C. D., L. A. Lytle, D. J. Erickson, J. R. Sirard, D. Barr-Anderson, and M. Story. 2010. “The Relative Influence of Demographic, Individual, Social, and Environmental Factors on Physical Activity among Boys and Girls.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 7: 79. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-79.
  • Pawlowski, C. S., T. Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, J. Schipperijn, and J. Troelsen. 2014. “Barriers for Recess Physical Activity: A Gender Specific Qualitative Focus Group Exploration.” BMC Public Health 14 (1): 639. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-639.
  • Powell, L. M., F. J. Chaloupka, S. J. Slater, L. D. Johnston, and P. M. O’Malley. 2007. “The Availability of Local-Area Commercial Physical Activity-Related Facilities and Physical Activity among Adolescents.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 33 (4 SUPPL): S292–S300. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.002.
  • Rautio, P. 2013. “Children Who Carry Stones in Their Pockets: On Autotelic Material Practices in Everyday Life.” Children’s Geographies 11 (4): 394–408. doi:10.1080/14733285.2013.812278.
  • Rautio, P. 2014. “Mingling and Imitating in Producing Spaces for Knowing and Being: Insights from a Finnish Study of Child–Matter Intra-Action.” Childhood 21 (4): 461–474. doi:10.1177/0907568213496653.
  • Reimers, A. K., M. Wagner, S. Alvanides, A. Steinmayr, M. Reiner, S. Schmidt, and A. Woll. 2014. “Proximity to Sports Facilities and Sports Participation for Adolescents in Germany.” PLoS ONE 9 (3): 1–7. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093059.
  • Ries, A. V., J. Gittelsohn, C. C. Voorhees, K. M. Roche, K. J. Clifton, and N. M. Astone. 2008. “The Environment and Urban Adolescents’ Use of Recreational Facilities for Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study.” American Journal of Health Promotion 23 (1): 43–50. doi:10.4278/ajhp.07043042.
  • Robert, G., and R. Yarwood. 2005. “Growing Up, Going Out and Growing Out of the Countryside: Childhood Experiences in Rural England.” Children’s Geographies 3 (1): 101–114. doi:10.1080/14733280500037331.
  • Rose, G. 1997. “Situating Knowledges: Positionality, Reflexivities and Other Tactics.” Progress in Human Geography 21 (3): 305–320. doi:10.1191/030913297673302122.
  • Sherar, L. B., N. C. Gyurcsik, M. Louise Humbert, R. F. Dyck, S. Fowler-Kerry, D. G. Adam, and A. D. Baxter-Jones. 2009. “Activity and Barriers in Girls (8-16 Yr) Based on Grade and Maturity Status.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 41 (1): 87–95. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818457e6.
  • Slater, A., and M. Tiggemann. 2010. “‘Uncool to Do Sport’: A Focus Group Study of Adolescent Girls’ Reasons for Withdrawing from Physical Activity.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 11 (6): 619–626. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.07.006.
  • Smith, A. L., P. J. Troped, M. H. McDonough, and J. D. DeFreese. 2015. “Youth Perceptions of How Neighborhood Physical Environment and Peers Affect Physical Activity: A Focus Group Study.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 12: 80. doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0246-9.
  • Smith, B., and K. R. McGannon. 2017. “Developing Rigor in Qualitative Research: Problems and Opportunities within Sport and Exercise Psychology.” International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology: 1–21. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/1750984X.2017.1317357.
  • Snow, D., A. Bundy, P. Tranter, S. Wyver, G. Naughton, J. Ragen, and L. Engelen. 2018. “Girls’ Perspectives on the Ideal School Playground Experience: An Exploratory Study of Four Australian Primary Schools.” Children’s Geographies: 1–14. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/14733285.2018.1463430.
  • Statistics Canada. 2015. “Directly Measured Physical Activity of Children and Youth, 2012 and 2013.” Health Fact Sheets (82–625–X). Accessed 8 April 2018 https://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2015001/article/14136-eng.htm
  • Telford, R. M., R. D. Telford, L. S. Olive, T. Cochrane, and R. Davey. 2016. “Why are Girls Less Physically Active than Boys? Findings from the LOOK Longitudinal Study.” PLOS ONE 11 (3): e0150041. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150041.
  • Thien, D. 2009. “Feminist Methodologies.” In International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, edited by, 71–78. London: ScienceDirect (Online service) Elsevier.
  • Tucker, P., J. D. Irwin, J. Gilliland, H. Meizi, K. Larsen, and P. Hess. 2009. “Environmental Influences on Physical Activity Levels in Youth.” Health and Place 15: 357–363. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.07.001.
  • Villanueva, K., B. Giles-Corti, M. Bulsara, A. Timperio, G. McCormack, B. Beesley, G. Trapp, and N. Middleton. 2013. “Where Do Children Travel to and What Local Opportunities are Available? the Relationship between Neighborhood Destinations and Children’s Independent Mobility.” Environment and Behavior 45 (6): 679–705. doi:10.1177/0013916512440705.
  • Vu, M. B., D. Murrie, V. Gonzalez, and J. B. Jobe. 2006. “Listening to Girls and Boys Talk about Girls’ Physical Activity Behaviors.” Health Education and Behavior 33 (1): 81–96. doi:10.1177/1090198105282443.
  • Whitehead, S., and S. Biddle. 2008. “Adolescent Girls’ Perceptions of Physical Activity: A Focus Group Study.” European Physical Education Review 14 (2): 243–262. doi:10.1177/1356336X08090708.
  • Wilk, P., A. F. Clark, A. Maltby, C. Smith, P. Tucker, and J. A. Gilliland. 2018. “Examining Individual, Interpersonal, and Environmental Influences on Children’s Physical Activity Levels.” SSM - Population Health 4: 76–85. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.11.004.
  • Zorzi, R., and M. Gagne. 2018. Youth Engagement with Nature and the Outdoors: A Summary of Survey Findings.” David Suzuki Foundation. Accessed 11 May 2018 https://davidsuzuki.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/youth-engagement-nature-outdoors.pdf

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.