Ranking policies to achieve sustainable stocking rates in Inner Mongolia

References

• Briske, D. D., M. Zhao, G. Han, C. Xiu, D. R. Kemp, W. Willms, K. Havstad, et al. 2015. “Strategies to Alleviate Poverty and Grassland Degradation in Inner Mongolia: Intensification vs Production Efficiency of Livestock Systems.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 152: 177–182. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.036.
   Google Scholar
• Hilker, T., E. Natsagdorj, R. H. Waring, A. Lyapustin, and Y. Wang. 2014. “Satellite Observed Widespread Decline in Mongolian Grasslands Largely due to Overgrazing.” Global Change Biology 20: 418–428. doi:10.1111/gcb.12365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, P. 2001. “Rangeland Degradation in North China Revisited? A Preliminary Statistical Analysis to Validate non-Equilibrium Range Ecology.” The Journal of Development Studies 37: 99–133. doi:10.1080/00220380412331321991.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, C., M. Giese, U. Dickhoefer, H. Wan, Y. Bai, M. Steffens, C. Liu, K. Butterbach-Bahl, and X. Han. 2016. “Effects of Grazing and Climate Variability on Grassland Ecosystem Functions in Inner Mongolia: Synthesis of a 6-Year Grazing Experiment.” Journal of Arid Environments 135: 50–63. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.08.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou, X., Y. Yin, D. Michalk, X. Yun, Y. Ding, X. Li, and J. Ren. 2014. “Herders’ Opinions about Desirable Stocking Rates and Overstocking in the Rangelands of Northern China.” The Rangeland Journal 36: 601–610. doi:10.1071/RJ13040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou, X., Y. Yin, and T. Wang. 2015. “Herders’ Desirable Stocking Rates and Methods for Implementing a Sustainable Animal Balance in the Rangeland Regions of Northern China.” Acta Ecologica Sinica 35: 8036–8045. doi:10.5846/stxb201406051160.
   Google Scholar
• Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Department. 2016. Implementation Scheme of Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy Incentive Policy in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. http://www.nmg.gov.cn/art/2017/2/4/art_1571_169755.html.
   Google Scholar
• Inner Mongolia Government. 2015. Grass-Livestock Balance Rule. http://www.nmg.gov.cn/art/2015/12/14/art_1686_137389.html.
   Google Scholar
• Jakoby, O., M. F. Quaas, B. Müller, S. Baumgärtner, and K. Frank. 2014. “How do Individual Farmers’ Objectives Influence the Evaluation of Rangeland Management Strategies Under a Variable Climate?” Journal of Applied Ecology 51: 483–493. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12216.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemp, D., G. Han, F. Hou, X. Hou, Z. Li, Y. Sun, Z. Wang, et al. 2018. “Sustainable Management of Chinese Grasslands-Issues and Knowledge.” Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 5: 9–23. doi:10.15302/J-FASE-2018204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J. 2015. “The Problems and Strategy Analysis of Grassland Ecological Compensation System—A Case of Gansu Province.” Pratacultural Science 32: 1027–1032. (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Li, P., and J. Bennett. 2019. “Understanding Herders’ Stocking Rate Decisions in Response to Policy Initiatives.” Science of the Total Environment 672: 141–149. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y., T. Wei, and L. Jin. 2014. “Herdspeople Attitudes Towards Grassland Eco-Compensation Policies in Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia.” Resources Science 36:2442–2450. (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Li, A., J. Wu, X. Zhang, J. Xue, Z. Liu, X. Han, and J. Huang. 2018. “China’s new Rural ‘Separating Three Property Rights’ Land Reform Results in Grassland Degradation: Evidence from Inner Mongolia.” Land Use Policy 71: 170–182. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.11.052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y. Y., J. P. Evans, M. F. McCabe, R. A. M. de Jeu, A. I. J. M. van Dijk, A. J. Dolman, and I. Saizen. 2013. “Changing Climate and Overgrazing are Decimating Mongolian Steppes.” PLoS One 8: 4–9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National livestock station, China. 2018. China Grass Industry Statistics 2017, 76. Beijing: China Agriculture Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mullan, K., P. Gropsjean, and A. Kontoleon. 2011. “Land Tenure Arrangements and Rural-Urban Migration in China.” World Development 39 (1): 123–133. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.08.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, R., and M. C. Gavin. 2015. “Degradation and Re-Emergence of the Commons: The Impacts of Government Policies on Traditional Resource Management Institutions in China.” Environmental Science & Policy 52: 89–98. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thwaites, R., T. De Lacy, L. Y. Hong, and L. X. Hua. 1998. “Property Rights, Social Change, and Grassland Degradation in Xilingol Biosphere Reserve, Inner Mongolia, China.” Society and Natural Resources 11: 319–338. doi:10.1080/08941929809381085.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong, C., J. Wu, S. Yong, J. Yang, and W. Yong. 2004. “A Landscape-Scale Assessment of Steppe Degradation in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia, China.” Journal of Arid Environments 59: 133–149. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.01.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, N. P., C. J. Stokes, and N. A. Marshall. 2013. “Integrating Biophysical and Socio-Economic Evaluations to Improve the Efficacy of Adaptation Assessments for Agriculture.” Global Environmental Change 23: 1164–1177. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.04.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiesmeier, M., M. Steffens, A. Kölbl, I. Kögel-Knabner, I. Ko, M. Wiesmeier, M. Steffens, et al. 2009. “Degradation and Small-Scale Spatial Homogenization of Topsoils in Intensively-Grazed Steppes of Northern China.” Soil & Tillage Research 104: 299–310. doi:10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, Y., Y. Hou, C. Langford, H. Bai, and X. Hou. 2019. “Herder Stocking Rate and Household Income Under the Grassland Ecological Protection Award Policy in Northern China.” Land Use Policy 82: 120–129. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yong-Zhong, S., L. Yu-Lin, C. Jian-Yuan, and Z. Wen-Zhi. 2005. “Influences of Continuous Grazing and Livestock Exclusion on Soil Properties in a Degraded Sandy Grassland, Inner Mongolia, Northern China.” Catena 59: 267–278. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2004.09.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, B., J. Bennett, and G. Qiao. 2019. “Estimating non-Market Environmental Values for Grassland Protection in Inner Mongolia.” Environment and Development Economics 24: 1–15. doi: 10.1017/S1355770X19000056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong, L., S. lu, R. Yang, J. Duan, and X. Liang. 2016. “Phase Analysis of Compensation and Rewards Policy for Grassland Protection: An Empirical Survey of Three Regions in Xilinguole League, Inner Mongolia.” Forward Position (9): 105–112. (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, W., C. Gang, L. Zhou, Y. Chen, J. Li, W. Ju, and I. Odeh. 2014. “Dynamic of Grassland Vegetation Degradation and Its Quantitative Assessment in the Northwest China.” Acta Oecologica 55: 86–96. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2013.12.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar