Anti-VEGFR2-interferon-α2 regulates the tumor microenvironment and exhibits potent antitumor efficacy against colorectal cancer

References

• Spill F, Reynolds DS, Kamm RD, Zaman MH. Impact of the physical microenvironment on tumor progression and metastasis. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 40:41-8; PMID:26938687; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2016.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joyce JA, Fearon DT. T cell exclusion, immune privilege, and the tumor microenvironment. Science 2015; 348(6230):74-80; PMID:25838376; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pittet MJ. Behavior of immune players in the tumor microenvironment. Curr Opin Oncol 2009; 21(1):53-9; PMID:19125019; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0b013e32831bc38a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchbinder EI, McDermott DF. Interferon, interleukin-2, and other cytokines. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2014; 28(3):571-83; PMID:24880948; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2014.02.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borden EC, Sen GC, Uze G, Silverman RH, Ransohoff RM, Foster GR, Stark GR. Interferons at age 50: past, current and future impact on biomedicine. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007; 6(12):975-90; PMID:18049472; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd2422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farkas A, Kemeny L. Interferon-alpha in the generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells: recent advances and implications for dermatology. Br J Dermatol 2011; 165(2):247-54; PMID:21410666; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10301.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuertes MB, Kacha AK, Kline J, Woo SR, Kranz DM, Murphy KM, Gajewski TF. Host type I IFN signals are required for antitumor CD8+ T cell responses through CD8{alpha}+ dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2011; 208(10):2005-16; PMID:21930765; http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20101159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paolini R, Bernardini G, Molfetta R, Santoni A. NK cells and interferons. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26(2):113-20; PMID:25443799; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizza P, Moretti F, Capone I, Belardelli F. Role of type I interferon in inducing a protective immune response: perspectives for clinical applications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26(2):195-201; PMID:25466627; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.10.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parmar S, Platanias LC. Interferons: mechanisms of action and clinical applications. Curr Opin Oncol 2003; 15(6):431-9; PMID:14624225; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001622-200311000-00005
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gresser I. Antitumour effects of interferons: past, present and future. Br J Haematol 1991; 79 Suppl 1:1-5; PMID:1718388; http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/OH.2013.29718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabbour E, Kantarjian H, Cortes J, Thomas D, Garcia-Manero G, Ferrajoli A. PEG-IFN-alpha-2b therapy in BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative disorders: final result of a phase 2 study. Cancer 2007; 110(9):2012-8; PMID:17849460; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23018
   Google Scholar
• Flisiak R, Flisiak I. Albinterferon-alpha 2b: a new treatment option for hepatitis C. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10(10):1509-15; PMID:20828335; http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.2010.521494
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones TD, Hanlon M, Smith BJ, Heise CT, Nayee PD, Sanders DA, Hamilton A, Sweet C, Unitt E, Alexander G et al. The development of a modified human IFN-alpha2b linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1 as a novel potential therapeutic for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2004; 24(9):560-72; PMID:15450132; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jir.2004.24.560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xuan C, Steward KK, Timmerman JM, Morrison SL. Targeted delivery of interferon-alpha via fusion to anti-CD20 results in potent antitumor activity against B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2010; 115(14):2864-71; PMID:20139095; http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-10-250555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trinh KR, Vasuthasawat A, Steward KK, Yamada RE, Timmerman JM, Morrison SL. Anti-CD20-interferon-beta fusion protein therapy of murine B-cell lymphomas. J Immunother 2013; 36(5):305-18; PMID:23719241; https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0b013e3182993eb9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiselyov A, Balakin KV, Tkachenko SE. VEGF/VEGFR signalling as a target for inhibiting angiogenesis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16(1):83-107; PMID:17155856; http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.16.1.83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibuya M. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) signaling in angiogenesis: a crucial target for anti- and pro-angiogenic therapies. Genes Cancer 2011; 2(12):1097-105; PMID:22866201; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947601911423031
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saharinen P, Eklund L, Pulkki K, Bono P, Alitalo K. VEGF and angiopoietin signaling in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17(7):347-62; PMID:21481637; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2011.01.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu WZ, Sun HC, Shen YF, Chen J, Wang L, Tang ZY, Iliakis G, Liu KD. Interferon alpha 2a down-regulates VEGF expression through PI3 kinase and MAP kinase signaling pathways. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2005; 131(3):169-78; PMID:15662525; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-004-0615-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Li G, Wang Y, Tang S, Sun X, Feng X, Li Y, Bao G, Li P, Mao X et al. Suppression of tumor angiogenesis by metformin treatment via a mechanism linked to targeting of HER2/HIF-1alpha/VEGF secretion axis. Oncotarget 2015; 6(42):44579-92; PMID:26625311; http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summers J, Cohen MH, Keegan P, Pazdur R. FDA drug approval summary: bevacizumab plus interferon for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Oncologist 2010; 15(1):104-11; PMID:20061402; http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2009-0250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith NR, Baker D, Farren M, Pommier A, Swann R, Wang X, Mistry S, McDaid K, Kendrew J, Womack C et al. Tumor stromal architecture can define the intrinsic tumor response to VEGF-targeted therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19(24):6943-56; PMID:24030704; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-1637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grignol VP, Olencki T, Relekar K, Taylor C, Kibler A, Kefauver C, Wei L, Walker MJ, Chen HX, Kendra K et al. A phase 2 trial of bevacizumab and high-dose interferon alpha 2B in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother 2011; 34(6):509-15; PMID:21654521; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0b013e31821dcefd
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rini BI, Halabi S, Rosenberg JE, Stadler WM, Vaena DA, Ou SS, Archer L, Atkins JN, Picus J, Czaykowski P et al. Bevacizumab plus interferon alfa compared with interferon alfa monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: CALGB 90206. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26(33):5422-8;PMID:18936475; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.16.9847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poole RM, Vaidya A. Ramucirumab: first global approval. Drugs 2014; 74(9):1047-58; PMID:24916147; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40265-014-0244-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casak SJ, Fashoyin-Aje I, Lemery SJ, Zhang L, Jin R, Li H, Zhao L, Zhao H, Zhang H, Chen H et al. FDA approval summary: ramucirumab for gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21(15):3372-6; PMID:26048277; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burkholder B, Huang RY, Burgess R, Luo S, Jones VS, Zhang W, Lv ZQ, Gao CY, Wang BL, Zhang YM et al. Tumor-induced perturbations of cytokines and immune cell networks. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1845(2):182-201; PMID:24440852; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.01.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie W, Liu F, Wang Y, Ren X, Wang T, Chen Z, Tang M, Sun F, Li Z, Wang M et al. VEGFR2 targeted antibody fused with MICA stimulates NKG2D mediated immunosurveillance and exhibits potent anti-tumor activity against breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7(13):16445-61; PMID:26909862; http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren X, Xie W, Wang Y, Xu M, Liu F, Tang M, Li C, Wang M, Zhang J. VEGFR2-targeted fusion antibody improved NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance against K562 cells. Immunol Res 2016; 64(4):1060-70; PMID:27154226; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-016-8800-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuire S. World Cancer Report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO Press, 2015. Adv Nutr 2016; 7(2):418-9; PMID:26980827; http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.116.012211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriarity A, O'Sullivan J, Kennedy J, Mehigan B, McCormick P. Current targeted therapies in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: a review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8(4):276-93; PMID:27482287; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758834016646734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Board RE, Valle JW. Metastatic colorectal cancer: current systemic treatment options. Drugs 2007; 67(13):1851-67; PMID:17722954; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200767130-00004
   Google Scholar
• Deng T, Zhang L, Liu XJ, Xu JM, Bai YX, Wang Y, Han Y, Li YH, Ba Y. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as the second-line therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, a multicenter study. Med Oncol 2013; 30(4):752; PMID:24174316; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12032-013-0752-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruenberger B, Tamandl D, Schueller J, Scheithauer W, Zielinski C, Herbst F, Gruenberger T. Bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with potentially curable metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26(11):1830-5; PMID:18398148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.13.7679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ban HS, Uto Y, Won M, Nakamura H. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors: a patent survey (2011-2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26(3):309-22; PMID:26882240; http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543776.2016.1146252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi EA, Rossi DL, Cardillo TM, Stein R, Goldenberg DM, Chang CH. Preclinical studies on targeted delivery of multiple IFNalpha2b to HLA-DR in diverse hematologic cancers. Blood 2011; 118(7):1877-84; PMID:21680794; http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-03-343145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin D, Harari D, Schreiber G. Stochastic receptor expression determines cell fate upon interferon treatment. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31(16):3252-66; PMID:21690295; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.05251-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fayad L, Offner F, Smith MR, Verhoef G, Johnson P, Kaufman JL, Rohatiner A, Advani A, Foran J, Hess G et al. Safety and clinical activity of a combination therapy comprising two antibody-based targeting agents for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a phase I/II study evaluating the immunoconjugate inotuzumab ozogamicin with rituximab. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31(5):573-83; PMID:23295790; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2012.42.7211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurvitz SA, Dirix L, Kocsis J, Bianchi GV, Lu J, Vinholes J, Guardino E, Song C, Tong B, Ng V et al. Phase II randomized study of trastuzumab emtansine versus trastuzumab plus docetaxel in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31(9):1157-63; PMID:23382472; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2012.44.9694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinman RM. Decisions about dendritic cells: past, present, and future. Ann Rev Immunol 2012; 30:1-22; PMID:22136168; http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-100311-102839
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo EM, Trinh KR, Tran D, Vasuthasawat A, Zhang J, Hoang B, Lichtenstein A, Morrison SL. Anti-CD138-targeted interferon is a potent therapeutic against multiple myeloma. J Interf Cytokine Res 2015; 35(4):281-91; PMID:25353626; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jir.2014.0125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar