Impact of vaccination on meningococcal epidemiology

References

• Stephen DS, Greenwood B, Brandtzaeg P. Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitides. Lancet 2007; 369:2196-210; PMID:17604802; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61016-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urwin R, Maiden MCJ. Multi-locus sequence typing: a tool for global epidemiology. Trends Microbiol 2003; 11:479-487; PMID:14557031; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2003.08.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner KME, Feil EJ. The secret life of the multilocus sequence type. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 29:129-35; PMID:17204401; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison LH, Trotter CL, Ramsay ME. Global epidemiology of meningococcal disease. Vaccine 2009 Jun 24; 27 Suppl 2:B51-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halperin SA, Bettinger JA, Greenwood B, Harrison LH, Jelfs J, Ladhani SN, McIntyre P, Ramsay ME, Sáfadi MA. The changing and dynamic epidemiology of meningococcal disease. Vaccine. 2012; 30 Suppl 2:B26-36; PMID:22178525; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bröker M, Emonet S, Fazio C, Jacobsson S, Koliou M, Kuusi M, Pace D, Paragi M, Pysik A, Simões MJ, Skoczynska A, Stefanelli P, Toropainen M, Taha MK, Tzanakaki G. Meningococcal serogroup Y disease in Europe: Continuation of high importance in some European regions in 2013. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11(9):2281-6; PMID:26036710; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2015.1051276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taha MK, Achtman M, Alonso JM, Greenwood B, Ramsay M, Fox A, Gray S, Kaczmarski E. Serogroup W135 meningococcal disease in Hajj pilgrims. Lancet 2000; 356 (2000):p. 2159; PMID:11191548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladhani S, Beebeejaun K, Lucidarme J, Cambell H, Gray S, Kaczmarski E, Ramsay M, Borrow R. Increase in endemic Neisseria meningitidis capsular group W sequence type 11 complex associated with severe invasive disease in England and Wales. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60:578-85; PMID:25389259; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu881
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong E, Giuliani MM, Deghmane AE, Comanducci M, Brunelli B, Dull P, Pizza M, Taha MK. Could the multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB) control Neisseria meningitidis capsular group X outbreaks in Africa? Vaccine 2013 Feb 4; 31(7):1113-6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.12.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Gay NJ, Edmunds WJ. Dynamic models of meningococcal carriage, and the impact of serogroup C conjugate vaccination. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162:89-100; PMID:15961591; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwi160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Gay NJ, Edmunds WJ. The natural history of meningococcal carriage and disease. Epidemiol Infect 2006; 134:556-66; PMID:16238823; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268805005339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollard AJ, Frasch C. Development of natural immunity to Neisseria meningitidis. Vaccine 2001; 19:1327-48; PMID:11163654; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00333-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartwright K. Meningococcal carriage and disease. In: Cartwright K, ed. Meningococcal disease. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons, 1995: 115-146.
   Google Scholar
• Koutangni T, Mainassara HB, Mueller JE. Incidence, carriage and case-carrier ratios for meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015 feb 6 10(2):e0116725; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MenAfriCar consortium. The Diversity of Meningococcal Carriage Across the African Meningitis Belt and the Impact of Vaccination With a Group A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 15; 212(8):1298-307; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Greenwood BM. Meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt. Lancet Infect Dis 2007; 7:797-803; PMID:18045562; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70288-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller JE, Gessner BD. A hypothetical explanatory model for meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14:e553-559; PMID:20018546; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2009.08.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiden MC, Stuart JM: UK meningococcal carriage group. Carriage of serogroup C meningococcal C conjugate polysaccharide vaccination. Lancet 2002; 359:1829-31; PMID:12044380; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08679-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sàfadi MA, Carvalhanas TR, De Lemos AP, Gorla MC, Salgado M, Fukasawa LO, Gonçalves MG, Higa F, Brandileone MC, Sacchi CT, et al. Carriage rate and effects of vaccination after outbreaks of serogroup C meningococcal disease, Brazil, 2010. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20:806-11; http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2005.130948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Ramsay ME, Kaczmarski EB. Meningococcal serogroup C vaccination in England and Wales: coverage and initial impact of the campaign. Commun Dis Public Health 2002; 5:220-5; PMID:12434692
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Trotter CL, Fox AJ, Ramsay ME, Sadler F, Gray SJ, Mallard R, Kaczmarski EB. Fatal outcome from meningococcal disease – an association with meningococcal phenotype but not with reduced susceptibility to benzylpenicillin. J Med Microbiol 2002; 51:855-60; PMID:12435065; http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-51-10-855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilmore A, Jones G, Barker M, Soltanpoor N, Stuart JM. Meningococcal disease at the University of Southampton: outbreak investigation. Epidemiol Infect 1999; 123:185-92; PMID:10579436; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268899002794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khatami A, Pollard AJ. The epidemiology of meningococcal disease and the impact of vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2010; 9:285-98; PMID:20218857; http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erv.10.3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntyre PB, O'Brien KL, Greenwood B, van de Beek D. Effect of vaccines on bacterial meningitis worldwide. Lancet 2012; 380:1703-11; PMID:23141619; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61187-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vipond C, Care R, Feavers IM. History of meningococcal vaccines and their serological correlates of protection. Vaccine 2012; 30 (5): Suppl:B10-7; PMID:22607894; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell H, Borrow R, Salisbury D, Miller E. Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine: the experience in England and Wales. Vaccine 2009; 27 (suppl 2): B20-9; PMID:19477053; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balmer P, Borrow R, Miller E. Impact of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in UK. J Med Microbiol 2002; 51:717-22; PMID:12358061; http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-51-9-717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrow R, Abad R, Trotter C, van der Klis FRM, Vazquez JA. Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C vaccine programmes. Vaccine 2013; 4477-86; PMID:23933336; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Andrews NJ, Kaczmarski, EB, Miller E, Ramsay ME. Effectiveness of meningococcal serogoup C conjugate vaccine 4 years after immunization. Lancet 2004; 364:365-7; PMID:15276396; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16725-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiden MCJ, Ibarz-Pav∫n AB, Urwin R, Gray SJ, Andrews NJ, Clarke SC, Walker AM, Evans MR, Kroll JS, Neal KR, et al. Impact of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines on carriage and herd immunity. J Infect Dis 2008; 197:737-43; PMID:18271745; http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/527401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Greef SC, de Melker HE, Spanjaard L, Schouls LM, van Derende A. Protection from routine vaccination at the age of 14 months with meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine in the Netherlands. Pediatr Infect Dis 2006; 25:79-80; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000195594.41449.c6
   Google Scholar
• Kaaijk P, van der Ende A, Berbers G, van den Dobbelsteen GP, Rots NY. Is a single dose of meningococcal serogroup C sufficient for protection? Experience from the Netherlands. BMC Infect Dis 2012; 12:35; PMID:22316426; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larrauri A, Cano R, Garcia M, Mateo S. Impact and effectiveness of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine following its introduction in Spain. Vaccine 2005; 23:4097-100; PMID:15908059; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Wals P, Deceuninck G, Boulianne N, de Serres G. Effectiveness of a mass immunization campaign using serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine. JAMA 2004; 292:2491-4; PMID:15562128; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.20.2491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bettinger JA, Scheifele DW, Le Saux N, Halperin SA, Vaudry W, Tsang R; Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, Active (IMPACT). The impact of childhood meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine program in Canada. Pediatr Infec Dis 2009; 28:220-4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e31819040e7
   Google Scholar
• de Waure C, Miglietta A, Nedovic D, Mereu G, Ricciardi W. Reduction in Neisseria meningitidis infection in Italy after Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine introduction: a time trend analysis of 1994-2012 series. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015 Aug 26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2015.1078951
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Cantuaria Tauil M, de Carvalho CSR, Vieira AC, Waldman EA. Meningococcal disease before and after the introduction of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine. Federal District, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2014; 18:379-86; PMID:24698710; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2013.11.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay ME, Andrews N, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E. Efficacy of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine in teenagers and toddlers in England. Lancet 2001; 357:195-6; PMID:11213098; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03594-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay ME, Andrews NJ, Trotter CL, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E. Herd immunity from meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination in England. BMJ 2003; 326:365-6; PMID:12586669; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7385.365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay ME, Andrews N, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E, Ramsay ME. Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines four years after introduction. Lancet 2004; 364:365-7; PMID:15276396; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16725-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibarz-Pav∫n AB, MacLennan J, Andrews NJ, Gray SJ, Urwin R, Clarke SC, Walker AM, Evans MR, Kroll JS, Neal KR, et al. Changes in serogroup and genotype prevalence among carried meningococci in United Kingdom during vaccine implementation. J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1046-53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL, Borrow R, Findlow J, Holland A, Frankland S, Andrews NJ, Miller E. Seroprevalence of antibodies against serogroup C meningococci in England in the postvaccination era. Clin Vacc Immunol 2008; 15:1694-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00279-08
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kupferschmidt K. A new vaccine vanquishes meningitis A in Africa. Science 2014; 345:1265; PMID:25214605; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.345.6202.1265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine coverage after the first national mass immunization campaign-Burkina Faso, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012; 61:1022-4; PMID:23254256
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyer SA, Kambou JL, Cohn A, Goodson JL, Flannery B, Medah I, Messonnier N, Novak R, Diomande F, Djingarey MH, Clark TA, Yameogo I, Fall A, Wannemuehler K. Serogroup A meningococcal conjugate (PsA-TT) vaccine coverage and measles vaccine coverage in Burkina Faso–implications for introduction of PsA-TT into the Expanded Programme on Immunization. Vaccine. 2015; 33:1492-8; PMID:25636915; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daugla DM, Gami JP, Gamougam K, Naibei N, Mbainadji L, Narbé M, Toralta J, Kodbesse B, Ngadoua C, Coldiron ME, et al. Effect of a serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT) on serogroup A meningococcal meningitis and carriage in Chad: a community study. Lancet 2013; 383:40-7; PMID:24035220; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61612-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamougam K, Daugla DM, Toralta J, Ngadoua C, Fermon F, Page AL, Djingarey MH, Caugant DA, Manigart O, Trotter CL, et al. Continuing effectiveness of serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, Chad, 2013. Em Infect Dis 2015; 21:115-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2101.140256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurice J. Vaccine shortage threatens spread of meningitis in Niger. Lancet 2015; 385:2241; PMID:26088485; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61050-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiden MCJ, MacLennan JM. Fifteen years of protection by meningococcal C conjugate vaccines: lessons from disease surveillance. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59:1222-4; PMID:25069870; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu599
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar