1,068
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Commentary

Passive immunization with influenza haemagglutinin specific monoclonal antibodies

& ORCID Icon
Pages 2728-2736 | Received 23 May 2018, Accepted 12 Jun 2018, Published online: 16 Jul 2018

References

  • Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, Muscatello DJ, Palekar R, Tempia S, Cohen C, Gran JM, Schanzer D, Cowling BJ, et al. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: A modelling study. Lancet. 2018;391:1285–1300. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33293-2
  • Horimoto T, Kawaoka Y. Influenza: lessons from past pandemics, warnings from current incidents. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2005;3:591–600. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1208. PMID:16064053.
  • Simmons CP, Bernasconi NL, Suguitan AL, Mills K, Ward JM, Chau NV, Hien TT, Sallusto F, Ha do Q, Farrar J, et al. Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of human monoclonal antibodies against H5N1 influenza. PLoS Med. 2007;4:e178. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040178. PMID:17535101.
  • Yang Q, Shi W, Zhang L, Xu Y, Xu J, Li S, et al. Westward spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N9) virus among humans, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24:1095–98. PMID:29619922.
  • Medina RA, Garcia-Sastre A. Influenza A viruses: new research developments. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9:590–603. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2613. PMID:21747392.
  • Hashem AM. Prospects of HA-based universal influenza vaccine. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:414637. doi:10.1155/2015/414637. PMID:25785268.
  • Xia J, Cui JQ, He X, Liu YY, Yao KC, Cao SJ, Han XF, Huang Y. Genetic and antigenic evolution of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus in domestic chickens in southwestern China, 2013–2016. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0171564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171564. PMID:28158271.
  • Tong S, Li Y, Rivailler P, Conrardy C, Castillo DA, Chen LM, Recuenco S, Ellison JA, Davis CT, York IA, et al. A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:4269–74. doi:10.1073/pnas.1116200109. PMID:22371588.
  • Tong S, Zhu X, Li Y, Shi M, Zhang J, Bourgeois M, Yang H, Chen X, Recuenco S, Gomez J, et al. New world bats harbor diverse influenza A viruses. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9:e1003657. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003657. PMID:24130481.
  • Kim H, Webster RG, Webby RJ. Influenza Virus: Dealing with a Drifting and Shifting Pathogen. Viral Immunol. 2018;31:174–83. doi:10.1089/vim.2017.0141.
  • Smith GJ, Vijaykrishna D, Bahl J, Lycett SJ, Worobey M, Oliver G, Pybus SKM, Cheung CL, Raghwani J, Bhatt S, Malik Peiris JS, Guan Y, Rambaut A Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic. Nature. 2009;459:1122–5. doi:10.1038/nature08182.
  • Caton AJ, Brownlee GG, Yewdell JW, Gerhard W. The antigenic structure of the influenza virus A/PR/8/34 hemagglutinin (H1 subtype). Cell. 1982;31:417–27. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90135-0. PMID:6186384.
  • Wiley DC, Wilson IA, Skehel JJ. Structural identification of the antibody-binding sites of Hong Kong influenza haemagglutinin and their involvement in antigenic variation. Nature. 1981;289:373–8. doi:10.1038/289373a0. PMID:6162101.
  • Moody MA, Zhang R, Walter EB, Woods CW, Ginsburg GS, McClain MT, Denny TN, Chen X, Munshaw S, Marshall DJ, et al. H3N2 influenza infection elicits more cross-reactive and less clonally expanded anti-hemagglutinin antibodies than influenza vaccination. PLoS One. 2011;6:e25797. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025797. PMID:22039424.
  • Okuno Y, Isegawa Y, Sasao F, Ueda S. A common neutralizing epitope conserved between the hemagglutinins of influenza A virus H1 and H2 strains. J Virol. 1993;67:2552–8. PMID:7682624.
  • Sui J, Sheehan J, Hwang WC, Bankston LA, Burchett SK, Huang CY, Liddington RC, Beigel JH, Marasco WA. Wide prevalence of heterosubtypic broadly neutralizing human anti-influenza A antibodies. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:1003–9. doi:10.1093/cid/cir121. PMID:21460314.
  • Dreyfus C, Laursen NS, Kwaks T, Zuijdgeest D, Khayat R, Ekiert DC, Lee JH, Metlagel Z, Bujny MV, Jongeneelen M, et al. Highly conserved protective epitopes on influenza B viruses. Science. 2012;337:1343–8. doi:10.1126/science.1222908. PMID:22878502.
  • Li GM, Chiu C, Wrammert J, McCausland M, Andrews SF, Zheng NY, Lee JH, Huang M, Qu X, Edupuganti S, et al. Pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine induces a recall response in humans that favors broadly cross-reactive memory B cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:9047–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.1118979109. PMID:22615367.
  • Corti D, Suguitan AL, Jr., Pinna D, Silacci C, Fernandez-Rodriguez BM, Vanzetta F, Santos C, Luke CJ, Torres-Velez FJ, Temperton NJ, et al. Heterosubtypic neutralizing antibodies are produced by individuals immunized with a seasonal influenza vaccine. J Clin Invest. 2010;120:1663–73. doi:10.1172/JCI41902. PMID:20389023.
  • Gioia C, Castilletti C, Tempestilli M, Piacentini P, Bordi L, Chiappini R, Agrati C, Squarcione S, Ippolito G, Puro V, et al. Cross-subtype immunity against avian influenza in persons recently vaccinated for influenza. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:121–8. doi:10.3201/eid1401.061283. PMID:18258091.
  • Traggiai E, Becker S, Subbarao K, Kolesnikova L, Uematsu Y, Gismondo MR, Murphy BR, Rappuoli R, Lanzavecchia A. An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus. Nat Med. 2004;10:871–5. doi:10.1038/nm1080. PMID:15247913.
  • Wrammert J, Smith K, Miller J, Langley WA, Kokko K, Larsen C, Zheng NY, Mays I, Garman L, Helms C, et al. Rapid cloning of high-affinity human monoclonal antibodies against influenza virus. Nature. 2008;453:667–71. doi:10.1038/nature06890. PMID:18449194.
  • Wrammert J, Koutsonanos D, Li GM, Edupuganti S, Sui J, Morrissey M, McCausland M, Skountzou I, Hornig M, Lipkin WI, et al. Broadly cross-reactive antibodies dominate the human B cell response against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection. J Exp Med. 2011;208:181–93. doi:10.1084/jem.20101352. PMID:21220454.
  • Henry Dunand CJ, Leon PE, Huang M, Choi A, Chromikova V, Ho IY, Tan GS, Cruz J, Hirsh A, Zheng NY, et al. Both Neutralizing and Non-Neutralizing Human H7N9 Influenza Vaccine-Induced Monoclonal Antibodies Confer Protection. Cell Host Microbe. 2016;19:800–13. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.014. PMID:27281570.
  • Andrews SF, Graham BS, Mascola JR, McDermott AB. Is It Possible to Develop a “Universal” Influenza Virus Vaccine? Immunogenetic Considerations Underlying B-Cell Biology in the Development of a Pan-Subtype Influenza A Vaccine Targeting the Hemagglutinin Stem. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2017. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a029413. PMID:28663207.
  • Ellebedy AH, Krammer F, Li GM, Miller MS, Chiu C, Wrammert J, Chang CY, Davis CW, McCausland M, Elbein R, et al. Induction of broadly cross-reactive antibody responses to the influenza HA stem region following H5N1 vaccination in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:13133–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.1414070111. PMID:25157133.
  • Henry Dunand CJ, Leon PE, Kaur K, Tan GS, Zheng NY, Andrews S, Huang M, Qu X, Huang Y, Salgado-Ferrer M, et al. Preexisting human antibodies neutralize recently emerged H7N9 influenza strains. J Clin Invest. 2015;125:1255–68. doi:10.1172/JCI74374. PMID:25689254.
  • Kashyap AK, Steel J, Oner AF, Dillon MA, Swale RE, Wall KM, Perry KJ, Faynboym A, Ilhan M, Horowitz M, et al. Combinatorial antibody libraries from survivors of the Turkish H5N1 avian influenza outbreak reveal virus neutralization strategies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:5986–91. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801367105. PMID:18413603.
  • Hoa le NM, Mai le Q, Bryant JE, Thai PQ, Hang Nle K, Yen NT, Duong TN, Thoang DD, Horby P, Werheim HF, et al. Association between Hemagglutinin Stem-Reactive Antibodies and Influenza A/H1N1 Virus Infection during the 2009 Pandemic. J Virol. 2016;90:6549–56. doi:10.1128/JVI.00093-16. PMID:27170747.
  • Nachbagauer R, Choi A, Izikson R, Cox MM, Palese P, Krammer F. Age Dependence and Isotype Specificity of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Stalk-Reactive Antibodies in Humans. MBio. 2016;7:e01996–15. doi:10.1128/mBio.01996-15. PMID:26787832.
  • Miller MS, Gardner TJ, Krammer F, Aguado LC, Tortorella D, Basler CF, Palese P. Neutralizing antibodies against previously encountered influenza virus strains increase over time: a longitudinal analysis. Sci Transl Med. 2013;5:198ra07. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3006637.
  • Raymond DD, Bajic G, Ferdman J, Suphaphiphat P, Settembre EC, Moody MA, Schmidt AG, Harrison SC. Conserved epitope on influenza-virus hemagglutinin head defined by a vaccine-induced antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018;115:168–73. doi:10.1073/pnas.1715471115. PMID:29255041.
  • Whittle JR, Zhang R, Khurana S, King LR, Manischewitz J, Golding H, Dormitzer PR, Haynes BF, Walter EB, Moody MA, et al. Broadly neutralizing human antibody that recognizes the receptor-binding pocket of influenza virus hemagglutinin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108:14216–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1111497108. PMID:21825125.
  • Lee PS, Ohshima N, Stanfield RL, Yu W, Iba Y, Okuno Y, Kurosawa Y, Wilson IA. Receptor mimicry by antibody F045-092 facilitates universal binding to the H3 subtype of influenza virus. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3614. doi:10.1038/ncomms4614. PMID:24717798.
  • Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I, Jezek Z, Ladnyi ID. World Health Organization. Smallpox and its eradication. 1988:1371–1409.
  • WHO. Global Polio Eradication Initiative: annual report 2016. Geneva, Switzerland (WHO/Polio/17.03). 2017.
  • Kallewaard NL, Corti D, Collins PJ, Neu U, McAuliffe JM, Benjamin E, Wachter-Rosati L, Palmer-Hill FJ, Yuan AQ, Walker PA, et al. Structure and Function Analysis of an Antibody Recognizing All Influenza A Subtypes. Cell. 2016;166:596–608. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.073. PMID:27453466.
  • Paules CI, Lakdawala S, McAuliffe JM, Paskel M, Vogel L, Kallewaard NL, Zhu Q, Subbarao K. The Hemagglutinin A Stem Antibody MEDI8852 Prevents and Controls Disease and Limits Transmission of Pandemic Influenza Viruses. J Infect Dis. 2017;216:356–65. doi:10.1093/infdis/jix292. PMID:28633457.
  • O'Donnell CD, Vogel L, Wright A, Das SR, Wrammert J, Li GM, McCausland M, Zheng NY, Yewdell JW, Ahmed R, et al. Antibody pressure by a human monoclonal antibody targeting the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus hemagglutinin drives the emergence of a virus with increased virulence in mice. MBio. 2012;3. doi:10.1128/mBio.00120-12. PMID:22647789.
  • Bangaru S, Nieusma T, Kose N, Thornburg NJ, Finn JA, Kaplan BS, King HG, Singh V, Lampley RM, Sapparapu G, et al. Recognition of influenza H3N2 variant virus by human neutralizing antibodies. JCI Insight. 2016;1. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.86673. PMID:27482543.
  • Hong M, Lee PS, Hoffman RM, Zhu X, Krause JC, Laursen NS, Yoon SI, Song L, Tussey L, Crowe JE, Jr., et al. Antibody recognition of the pandemic H1N1 Influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding site. J Virol. 2013;87:12471–80. doi:10.1128/JVI.01388-13. PMID:24027321.
  • Xu R, Krause JC, McBride R, Paulson JC, Crowe JE, Jr., Wilson IA. A recurring motif for antibody recognition of the receptor-binding site of influenza hemagglutinin. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013;20:363–70. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2500. PMID:23396351.
  • Lang S, Xie J, Zhu X, Wu NC, Lerner RA, Wilson IA. Antibody 27F3 Broadly Targets Influenza A Group 1 and 2 Hemagglutinins through a Further Variation in VH1-69 Antibody Orientation on the HA Stem. Cell Rep. 2017;20:2935–43. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.084. PMID:28930686.
  • Tan GS, Lee PS, Hoffman RM, Mazel-Sanchez B, Krammer F, Leon PE, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Palese P. Characterization of a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody that targets the fusion domain of group 2 influenza A virus hemagglutinin. J Virol. 2014;88:13580–92. doi:10.1128/JVI.02289-14. PMID:25210195.
  • Lee PS, Wilson IA. Structural characterization of viral epitopes recognized by broadly cross-reactive antibodies. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2015;386:323–41. PMID:25037260.
  • Lee J, Boutz DR, Chromikova V, Joyce MG, Vollmers C, Leung K, Horton AP, DeKosky BJ, Lee CH, Lavinder JJ, et al. Molecular-level analysis of the serum antibody repertoire in young adults before and after seasonal influenza vaccination. Nat Med. 2016;22:1456–64. doi:10.1038/nm.4224. PMID:27820605.
  • Joyce MG, Wheatley AK, Thomas PV, Chuang GY, Soto C, Bailer RT, Druz A, Georgiev IS, Gillespie RA, Kanekiyo M, et al. Vaccine-Induced Antibodies that Neutralize Group 1 and Group 2 Influenza A Viruses. Cell. 2016;166:609–23. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.043. PMID:27453470.
  • Sui J, Hwang WC, Perez S, Wei G, Aird D, Chen LM, Santelli E, Stec B, Cadwell G, Ali M, et al. Structural and functional bases for broad-spectrum neutralization of avian and human influenza A viruses. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009;16:265–73. doi:10.1038/nsmb.1566. PMID:19234466.
  • Harris AK, Meyerson JR, Matsuoka Y, Kuybeda O, Moran A, Bliss D, Das SR, Yewdell JW, Sapiro G, Subbarao K, et al. Structure and accessibility of HA trimers on intact 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus to stem region-specific neutralizing antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:4592–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.1214913110. PMID:23460696.
  • Tran EE, Podolsky KA, Bartesaghi A, Kuybeda O, Grandinetti G, Wohlbold TJ, Tan GS, Nachbagauer R, Palese P, Krammer F, et al. Cryo-electron Microscopy Structures of Chimeric Hemagglutinin Displayed on a Universal Influenza Vaccine Candidate. MBio. 2016;7:e00257. doi:10.1128/mBio.00257-16. PMID:27006464.
  • Verbonitz MW, Ennis FA, Hicks JT, Albrecht P. Hemagglutinin-specific complement-dependent cytolytic antibody response to influenza infection. J Exp Med. 1978;147:265–70. doi:10.1084/jem.147.1.265. PMID:627837.
  • Quinnan GV, Ennis FA, Tuazon CU, Wells MA, Butchko GM, Armstrong R, McLaren C, Manischewitz JF, Kiley S. Cytotoxic lymphocytes and antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity induced by administration of influenza vaccine. Infect Immun. 1980;30:362–9. PMID:7439982.
  • Terajima M, Cruz J, Co MD, Lee JH, Kaur K, Wrammert J, Wilson PC, Ennis FA. Complement-dependent lysis of influenza a virus-infected cells by broadly cross-reactive human monoclonal antibodies. J Virol. 2011;85:13463–7. doi:10.1128/JVI.05193-11. PMID:21994454.
  • Bournazos S, DiLillo DJ, Ravetch JV. The role of Fc-FcgammaR interactions in IgG-mediated microbial neutralization. J Exp Med. 2015;212:1361–9. doi:10.1084/jem.20151267. PMID:26282878.
  • DiLillo DJ, Tan GS, Palese P, Ravetch JV. Broadly neutralizing hemagglutinin stalk-specific antibodies require FcgammaR interactions for protection against influenza virus in vivo. Nat Med. 2014;20:143–51. doi:10.1038/nm.3443. PMID:24412922.
  • DiLillo DJ, Palese P, Wilson PC, Ravetch JV. Broadly neutralizing anti-influenza antibodies require Fc receptor engagement for in vivo protection. J Clin Invest. 2016;126:605–10. doi:10.1172/JCI84428. PMID:26731473.
  • He W, Tan GS, Mullarkey CE, Lee AJ, Lam MM, Krammer F, Henry C, Wilson PC, Ashkar AA, Palese P, et al. Epitope specificity plays a critical role in regulating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against influenza A virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113:11931–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.1609316113. PMID:27698132.
  • Nachbagauer R, Wohlbold TJ, Hirsh A, Hai R, Sjursen H, Palese P, Cox RJ, Krammer F. Induction of broadly reactive anti-hemagglutinin stalk antibodies by an H5N1 vaccine in humans. J Virol. 2014;88:13260–8. doi:10.1128/JVI.02133-14. PMID:25210189.
  • Kirchenbaum GA, Carter DM, Ross TM. Sequential Infection in Ferrets with Antigenically Distinct Seasonal H1N1 Influenza Viruses Boosts Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Antibodies. J Virol. 2015;90:1116–28. doi:10.1128/JVI.02372-15. PMID:26559834.
  • Wang TT, Tan GS, Hai R, Pica N, Petersen E, Moran TM, Palese P. Broadly protective monoclonal antibodies against H3 influenza viruses following sequential immunization with different hemagglutinins. PLoS Pathog. 2010;6:e1000796. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000796. PMID:20195520.
  • Wang TT, Tan GS, Hai R, Pica N, Ngai L, Ekiert DC, Wilson IA, Garcia-Sastre A, Moran TM, Palese P. Vaccination with a synthetic peptide from the influenza virus hemagglutinin provides protection against distinct viral subtypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:18979–84. doi:10.1073/pnas.1013387107. PMID:20956293.
  • Koday MT, Nelson J, Chevalier A, Koday M, Kalinoski H, Stewart L, Carter L, Nieusma T, Lee PS, Ward AB, et al. A Computationally Designed Hemagglutinin Stem-Binding Protein Provides In Vivo Protection from Influenza Independent of a Host Immune Response. PLoS Pathog. 2016;12:e1005409. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005409. PMID:26845438.
  • Mallajosyula VV, Citron M, Ferrara F, Lu X, Callahan C, Heidecker GJ, Sarma SP, Flynn JA, Temperton NJ, Liang X, et al. Influenza hemagglutinin stem-fragment immunogen elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies and confers heterologous protection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:E2514–23. doi:10.1073/pnas.1402766111. PMID:24927560.
  • Boon AC, deBeauchamp J, Hollmann A, Luke J, Kotb M, Rowe S, Finkelstein D, Neale G, Lu L, Williams RW, et al. Host genetic variation affects resistance to infection with a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus in mice. J Virol. 2009;83:10417–26. doi:10.1128/JVI.00514-09. PMID:19706712.
  • Goff PH, Eggink D, Seibert CW, Hai R, Martinez-Gil L, Krammer F, Palese P. Adjuvants and immunization strategies to induce influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk antibodies. PLoS One. 2013;8:e79194. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079194. PMID:24223176.
  • Bossart KN, Zhu Z, Middleton D, Klippel J, Crameri G, Bingham J, McEachern JA, Green D, Hancock TJ, Chan YP, et al. A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects against lethal disease in a new ferret model of acute nipah virus infection. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5:e1000642. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000642. PMID:19888339.
  • Nesspor TC, Scallon B. Chimeric antibodies with extended half-life in ferrets. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2014;8:596–604. doi:10.1111/irv.12273. PMID:25074755.
  • Sutton TC, Lamirande EW, Bock KW, Moore IN, Koudstaal W, Rehman M, Weverling GJ, Goudsmit J, Subbarao K. In Vitro Neutralization Is Not Predictive of Prophylactic Efficacy of Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies CR6261 and CR9114 against Lethal H2 Influenza Virus Challenge in Mice. J Virol. 2017;91:e01603–17.
  • Czako R, Vogel L, Lamirande EW, Bock KW, Moore IN, Ellebedy AH, Ahmed R, Mehle A, Subbarao K. In Vivo Imaging of Influenza Virus Infection in Immunized Mice. MBio. 2017;8:pii: e00714–17.
  • Throsby M, van den Brink E, Jongeneelen M, Poon LL, Alard P, Cornelissen L, Bakker A, Cox F, van Deventer E, Guan Y, et al. Heterosubtypic neutralizing monoclonal antibodies cross-protective against H5N1 and H1N1 recovered from human IgM+ memory B cells. PLoS One. 2008;3:e3942. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003942. PMID:19079604.
  • Ekiert DC, Bhabha G, Elsliger MA, Friesen RH, Jongeneelen M, Throsby M, Goudsmit J, Wilson IA. Antibody recognition of a highly conserved influenza virus epitope. Science. 2009;324:246–51. doi:10.1126/science.1171491. PMID:19251591.
  • Koudstaal W, Koldijk MH, Brakenhoff JP, Cornelissen LA, Weverling GJ, Friesen RH, Goudsmit J. Pre- and postexposure use of human monoclonal antibody against H5N1 and H1N1 influenza virus in mice: viable alternative to oseltamivir. J Infect Dis. 2009;200:1870–3. doi:10.1086/648378. PMID:19911992.
  • Friesen RH, Koudstaal W, Koldijk MH, Weverling GJ, Brakenhoff JP, Lenting PJ, Stittelaar KJ, Osterhaus AD, Kompier R, Goudsmit J. New class of monoclonal antibodies against severe influenza: prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in ferrets. PLoS One. 2010;5:e9106. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009106. PMID:20161706.
  • Nilsson UR, Muller-Eberhard HJ. Deficiency of the fifth component of complement in mice with an inherited complement defect. J Exp Med. 1967;125:1–16. doi:10.1084/jem.125.1.1. PMID:4959665.
  • Takai T, Li M, Sylvestre D, Clynes R, Ravetch JV. FcR gamma chain deletion results in pleiotrophic effector cell defects. Cell. 1994;76:519–29. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90115-5. PMID:8313472.
  • Brandenburg B, Koudstaal W, Goudsmit J, Klaren V, Tang C, Bujny MV, Korse HJ, Kwaks T, Otterstrom JJ, Juraszek J, et al. Mechanisms of hemagglutinin targeted influenza virus neutralization. PLoS One. 2013;8:e80034. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080034. PMID:24348996.
  • Sautto GA, Kirchenbaum GA, Ross TM. Towards a universal influenza vaccine: different approaches for one goal. Virol J. 2018;15:17. doi:10.1186/s12985-017-0918-y. PMID:29370862.
  • Krause JC, Tsibane T, Tumpey TM, Huffman CJ, Basler CF, Crowe JE, Jr. A broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that recognizes a conserved, novel epitope on the globular head of the influenza H1N1 virus hemagglutinin. J Virol. 2011;85:10905–8. doi:10.1128/JVI.00700-11. PMID:21849447.
  • He F, Kumar SR, Syed Khader SM, Tan Y, Prabakaran M, Kwang J. Effective intranasal therapeutics and prophylactics with monoclonal antibody against lethal infection of H7N7 influenza virus. Antiviral Res. 2013;100:207–14. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.08.003.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.