Indirect costs of adult pneumococcal disease and the productivity-based rate of return to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults in Turkey

References

• Plotkin SL, Plotkin SA. A short history of vaccination. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, editors. Vaccines. 4th ed. Philadelphia (PA): W.B. Saunders Company; 2004. p. 1–15.
   Google Scholar
• Neumann PJ, Sanders GD, Russell LB, Siegel JE, Ganiats TG, editors. Cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. 2nd ed. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Bleichrodt H, Quiggin J. Life-cycle preferences over consumption and health: when is cost-effectiveness analysis equivalent to cost-benefit analysis? J Health Econ. 1999;18:681–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammitt J. Admissible utility functions for health, longevity, and wealth: integrating monetary and life-year measures. J Risk Uncertain. 2013;47:311–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brouwer WB, Koopmanschap MA, Rutten FF. Productivity costs in cost-effectiveness analysis: numerator or denominator: a further discussion. Health Econ. 1997;6:511–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tilling C, Krol M, Tsuchiya A, Brazier J, Brouwer W. In or out? Income losses in health state valuations: a review. Value Health. 2010;13:298–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiroiwa T, Fukuda T, Ikeda S, Shimozuma K. QALY and productivity loss: empirical evidence for “double counting.”. Value Health. 2013;6:581–87.
   Google Scholar
• The World Bank. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate). Database: The World Development Indicators Database; 2017. [accessed 2020 Jan 9]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.FM.ZS.
   Google Scholar
• Becker G. A theory of the allocation of time. Econ J. 1965;75:493–517.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgenson D. Production and welfare: Progress in Economic Measurement. J Econ Lit. 2018;65(3):867–919. doi:10.1257/jel.20171358.
   Google Scholar
• Stiglitz J, Sen A, Fitoussi J. Report by the commission on the measurement of economic performance and social progress; 2009. p. 14, 35.
   Google Scholar
• Kraicer-Melamed H, O’Donnell S, Quach C. The effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPV23) in the general population of 50 years of age and older: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2016;34(13):1540–50. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonten M, SM H, Bolkenbaas M, Webber C, Patterson S, Gault S, CH VW, AMM VD, EAM S, TJM V, et al. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(12):1114–25. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1408544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Medicines Agency. European public assessment report for Prevenar 13; 2015. [accessed 2020 Jan 9]. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Summary_for_the_public/human/001104/WC500057248.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ceyhan M. Recent improvements in the Turkish childhood national immunization program. Turk J Pediatr. 2010;52:563–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akin L, Kaya M, Altinel S, Durand L. Cost of pneumococcal infections and cost-effectiveness analysis of pneumococcal vaccination at risk adults and elderly in Turkey. Hum Vaccin. 2011;7(4):441–50. doi:10.4161/hv.7.4.14188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health, Turkey Public Health Agency. Circular on Risk Group Vaccination. No. 21001706; [ accessed 2018 Dec 20]. http://asirehberi.saglik.gov.tr/genelgeler/risk-grubu-genelgesi#.
   Google Scholar
• Treskova M, Scholz SM, Kuhlmann A. Cost-effectiveness of elderly pneumococcal vaccination in the presence of higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate childhood vaccination: systematic literature review with focus on methods and assumptions. Pharmacoeconomics. 2019;37:1093–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirmesropian S, Wood JG, MacIntyre CR, Newall AT. A review of economic evaluations of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in adults and the elderly. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2015; 11(4):818–25. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4514194/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Hoek A, Miller E. Cost-effectiveness of vaccinating immunocompetent ≥65 year olds with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in England. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0149540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blommaert A, Bilcke J, Willem L, Verhaegen J, Goossens H, Beutels P. The cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in healthy adults over 50: exploration of influential factors in Belgium. Vaccine. 2016; 34(18):2106–12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26988257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willem L, Blommaert A, Hanquet G, Thiry N, Bilcke J, Theeten H, Verhaegen J, Goossens H, Beutels P. Economic evaluation of pneumococcal vaccines for adults aged over 50 years in Belgium. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018; 14(5):1218–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5989887/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoecker C, Kim L, Gierke R, Pilishvili T. Incremental cost-effectiveness of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults aged 50 years and older in the United States. J Gen Intern Med. 2016; 31(8):901–08. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26976292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ö T, Kisa A, McIntosh EDG, Bakir M. Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) in Turkey. Value Health. 2013;16:755–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakir M, Türel Ö, Topachevskyi O. Cost-effectiveness of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Turkey: a decision analytical model. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012;12:386. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/12/386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangen MJ, Rozenbaum MH, Huijts SM, van Werkhoven CH, Postma DF, Atwood M, Van Deursen AMM, van der Ende A, Grobbee DE, Sanders EAM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the Netherlands. Eur Respir J. 2015;46(5):1407–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heo JY, Seo YB, Choi WS, Lee J, Noh JY, Jeong HW, Kim WJ, Kim MJ, Lee HY, Song JY. Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination strategies for the elderly in Korea. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0177342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Bureau of Labor Statistics. American Time Use Survey: Handbook of Methods; 2018. [accessed 2020 Jan 9]. https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/atus/pdf/atus.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy KM, Topel RH. The value of health and longevity. J Polit Econ. 2006;114:871–904.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammitt JK, Robinson LA. The income elasticity of the value per statistical life: transferring estimates between high and low income populations. J Benefit Cost Anal. 2011;2:1–29.
   Google Scholar
• Sonnenberg FA, Beck JR. Markov models in medical decision making: a practical guide. Med Decis Making. 1993;13:322–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santoni G, Angleman S, Weimer AK, Mangialasche F, Marengoni A, Fratiglioni L. Age-related variation in health status after 60. PLoS One. 2015;10(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120077#sec011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission, Eurostat. Life table (demo_mlifetable) [dataset]. Database: mortality; 2014.  [accessed 2016 Jul 11]. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.
   Google Scholar
• Huijts SM, Bonten MJM Diagnosis and prevention of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia [Doctoral dissertation]. Utrecht University; 1981. https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/313163.
   Google Scholar
• Global Burden of Disease. IHME; 2017.  [accessed 2019 May 4]. http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2017
   Google Scholar
• GBD 2016 LRI Collaborators. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2018;18(11):1193–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oksuz L, Gurler N. Serotype Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pnemoniae Strains Isolated from the Adult Patients in a Turkish University Hospital. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2017:195–208. doi:10.5578/mb.48638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance Atlas of infectious diseases; 2016.  [accessed 2019 May 1]. https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (GBD 2015) Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) 1980–2015. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME); 2016. http://ghdx.healthdata.org/sites/default/files/record-attached-files/IHME_GBD_2015_SDI_1980_2015.zip.
   Google Scholar
• Harboe ZB, Dalby T, Weinberger DM, Benfield T, Mølbak K, Slotved HC, Suppli CH, Konradsen HB, Valentiner-Branth P. Impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence and mortality. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59:1066–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waight PA, Andrews NJ, Ladhani SN, Sheppard CL, Slack MPE, Miller E. Effect of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in England and Wales 4 years after its introduction: An observational cohort study. Lancet. 2015; 15(5):535–43. https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S1473-3099%2815%2970044-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Werkhoven CH, Huijts SM, Bolkenbaas M, Webber C, Schmoele-Thoma B, Patterson SD, Gruber W, Grobbee DE, Bonten M. 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine efficacy is declining with old age: results from an exploratory analysis of the CAPITA trial. Poster presented at ID Week, Philadelphia, PA. Oct 10 2014. https://idsa.confex.com/idsa/2014/webprogram/Paper47255.html.
   Google Scholar
• Akyil FT, Yalcinsoy MA, Hazar A, Cilli B, Celenk O, Kilic A, Sayiner N, Kokturk A, Sakar CA, Filiz E, et al. Prognosis of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Pulmonology. 2018;24(3):164–69. ISSN 2531-0437. doi:10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.07.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van de Beek D, de Gans J, Spanjaard L, Weisfelt M, Reitsma JB, Vermeulen M. Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1849–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krol M, Brouwer W. How to estimate productivity costs in economic evaluations. Pharmacoeconomics. 2014;32:335–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Multi-Society Task Force on PVS. Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state. N Engl J Med. 1994;330(21):1499–508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balia S, Brau R. A country for old men? Long–term home care utilization in Europe. Health Econ. 2014;23:1185–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission, Eurostat. Mean hourly earnings by sex, age and occupation – NACE Rev. 2, B-S excluding O (earn_ses14_14) [dataset]. Database: the structure of earnings survey; 2014. [accessed 2016 Aug 18]. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.
   Google Scholar
• Weisfelt M, van de Beek D, Hoogman M, Hardeman C, de Gans J, Schmand B. Cognitive outcome in adults with moderate disability after pneumococcal meningitis. J Infect. 2006;52:433–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmand B, de Bruin E, de Gans J, van de Beek D. Cognitive functioning and quality of life nine years after bacterial meningitis. J Infect. 2010;61:330–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission, Eurostat. Employment rates by sex, age and citizenship (%) (lfsa_ergan) [dataset]. Database: The European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS); 2015.  [accessed 2016 Oct 11]. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission, Eurostat. Average number of usual weekly hours of work in main job, by sex, professional status, full-time/part-time and economic activity (from 2008 onwards, NACE Rev. 2) – hours (lfsa_ewhun2) [dataset]. Database: The European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS); 2015 [accessed 2018 Aug 15]. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.
   Google Scholar
• Turkish Statistical Institute (Turkstat). Average activity time per person by type of activity, sex and age group [dataset]. Database: time use survey; 2016.  [accessed 2016 Nov 2]. http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1009.
   Google Scholar
• Wyrwich KW, Yu H, Sato R, Powers JH. Observational longitudinal study of symptom burden and time for recovery from community-acquired pneumonia reported by older adults surveyed nationwide using the CAP Burden of Illness Questionnaire. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2015;6:215–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang Y, Gauthier A, Annemans L, van der Linden M, Nicolas-Spony L, Bresse X. Cost-effectiveness of vaccinating adults with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in Germany. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2012;12:645–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations. World population prospects: the 2015 revision; Population by age groups – both sexes [dataset]. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2015. https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/SpecialAggregates/Ecological/.
   Google Scholar
• Kocabaş A. Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastaliği epidemiyolojisi ve risk faktörleri. TTD Toraks Cerrahisi Bülteni. 2010;1:105–13.
   Google Scholar
• Derneği TT. Bölüm 1.1: Astim tanim ve epıdemıyolojısı. In: Derneği TT, editor. Türk Turaks Derneği Astim Tani ve Tedavı Rehberı. Ankara  (TR): Türk Turaks Derneği; 2009. p. 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, Kalaca S, Gedik S, Dinccag N, Karsidag K, Genc S, Telci A, Canbaz B, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013;28(2):169–80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3604592/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ateş K Türkiye’de diyabet ve kronik böbrek hastalığı: CREDIT çalışması. Presentation by Türk Nefrologı Derneğı; slides 18, 21, and 48. n.d.. http://www.nefroloji.org.tr/folders/file/hekimlik/salon2/Kenan_Ates.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Değertekin M, Erol C, Ergene O, Tokgözoğlu L, Aksoy M, Erol MK, Eren M, Şahin M, Eroğlu E, Mutlu B, et al. Türkite’deki kalp yetersizliği prevalansı ve öngördürücüleri: HAPPY çalışması. Türk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2012;40(4):298–308.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The Global Cancer Observatory. World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer. Turkey: Summary statistics; 2018. http://globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/fact_sheets_population.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD.stat. Economic outlook no. 101 – June 2017 [dataset]. Database: economic outlook; 2017.  [accessed 2019 Jan 1]. http://stats.oecd.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US). U.S./Euro foreign exchange rate (EXUSEU) [dataset]. Database: FRED Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Data; 2017.  [accessed 2020 Jan 9]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/EXUSEU.
   Google Scholar
• Ceyhan M, Dagan R, Sayiner A, Chernyshova L, Dinleyici EC, Hryniewicz W, Kulcsar A, Mad’arova L, Pazdiora P, Sidorenko S, et al. Surveillance of pneumococcal diseases in Central and Eastern Europe. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(8):2121–34. doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1159363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkish Statistical Institute (Turkstat). Per capita gross domestic product, 1998–2017 [dataset]. Database: annual gross domestic product; 2017.  [accessed 2019 Jan 8]. http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/Start.do.
   Google Scholar
• Montenegro CE, Patrinos HA. Comparable estimates of returns to schooling around the world. World Bank Group Education Global Practice Group Policy Research Working Paper 7020; 2014. Annex Table 1.
   Google Scholar
• Bloom DE, Canning D, Weston M. The value of vaccination. World Econ. 2005;6:15–39.
   Google Scholar
• Bloom DE, Canning D, Shenoy ES. The effect of vaccination on children’s physical and cognitive development in the Phillippines. Appl Econ. 2012;44:2777–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammitt LL, Bruden DL, Butler JC, Baggett HC, Hurlburt DA, Reasonover A, Hennessy TW. Indirect effect of conjugate vaccine on adult carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: an explanation of trends in invasive pneumococcal disease. J Infect Dis. 2006;193:1487–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tramuto F, Amodio E, Calamusa G, Restivo V, Costantino C, Vitale F. Pneumococcal Colonization in the Familial Context and Implications for Anti-Pneumococcal Immunization in Adults: Results from the BINOCOLO Project in Sicily. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(1):1–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Said MA, Johnson HL, Nonyane BAS, Deloria-Knoll M, O’Brien KL. Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques. PLoS One. 2013;8:e60273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amodio E, Costantino C, Boccalini S, Tramuto F, Maida CM, Vitale F. Estimating the burden of hospitalization for pneumococcal pneumonia in a general population aged 50 years or older and implications for vaccination strategies. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10:1337–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Europe, 2010. Stockholm  (SE): EDCD; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission, Information Society and Media Directorate-General. Innovation for active & healthy ageing. Final report for European Summit on Innovation for Active and Healthy Ageing, Brussels, 9–10 March 2015. https://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/pdf/active-healthy-ageing/ageing_summit_report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. World report on ageing and health; 2015. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/186463/1/9789240694811_eng.pdf?us=1.
   Google Scholar
• Sevilla JP, Stawasz A, Burnes D, Poulsen PB, Sato R, Bloom DE. Indirect costs of adult pneumococcal disease and productivity-based rate of return to PCV13 vaccination for older adults and elderly diabetics in Denmark. J econ Ageing. 2019;14:1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jeoa.2019.100203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pneumococcal disease: drug resistance; [accessed 2015 Jun 10]. https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/drug-resistance.html.
   Google Scholar