A qualitative interview study with parents to identify barriers and drivers to childhood vaccination and inform public health interventions

References

• Institute for Public Health of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Annual report on infectious diseases and immunization in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2019. Sarajevo/Mostar: Institute for Public Health of Federation BiH, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2020.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. European vaccine action plan 2015–2020. 2014 [accessed 12 Nov 2020]. http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/vaccines-and-immunization/publications/2014/european-vaccine-action-plan-20152020-2014.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. WHO EpiData, No. 10/2019, October 2018—September 2019. 2019 [accessed 4 Dec 2020]. http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/vaccines-and-immunization/publications/surveillance-and-data/who-epidata/who-epidata,-no.-102019.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Report of the 31st meeting of the European regional certification commission for poliomyelitis eradication (RCC). Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization; 2017 [accessed 12 Nov 2020]. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/communicable-diseases/poliomyelitis/publications/2017/31st-meeting-of-the-regional-certification-commission-for-poliomyelitis-eradication-2017.
   Google Scholar
• Cobos Munoz D, Monzon Llamas L, Bosch-Capblanch X. Exposing concerns about vaccination in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Int J Public Health. 2015;60:767–80. doi:10.1007/s00038-015-0715-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith LE, Amlot R, Weinman J, Yiend J, Rubin GJ. A systematic review of factors affecting vaccine uptake in young children. Vaccine. 2017;35:6059–69. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Tauil MC, Dato AP, Waldman EA. Factors associated with incomplete or delayed vaccination across countries: a systematic review. Vaccine. 2016;34:2635–43. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy Report. 2014 [accessed 4 Dec 2020]. https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/1_Report_WORKING_GROUP_vaccine_hesitancy_final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Hukic M, Hajdarpasic A, Ravlija J, Ler Z, Baljic R, Dedeic Ljubovic A, Moro A, Salimović-Besic I, Sausy A, Muller CP, et al. Mumps outbreak in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with large cohorts of susceptibles and genetically diverse strains of genotype G, Bosnia and Herzegovina, December 2010 to September 2012. Euro Surveill. 2014;19:20879. doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES2014.19.33.20879.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hukic M, Hubschen JM, Seremt M, Salimović-Besic I, Mulaomerović M, Mehinovic N, Karakas S, Charpentier E, Muller CP. An outbreak of rubella in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina between December 2009 and May 2010 indicates failure to vaccinate during wartime (1992–1995). Epidemiol Infect. 2012;140:447–53. doi:10.1017/S0950268811000707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musa S, Mulaomerović M. Impact of immunization on epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Cent Eur J Paediatr. 2017;13:46–54. doi:10.5457/p2005-114.169.
   Google Scholar
• The Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federal Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of the Republic of Srpska and the Institute for Public Health of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia and Herzegovina multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) 2011–2012. 2013 [accessed 26 Feb 2021]. Final Report. https://mics.unicef.org/surveys.
   Google Scholar
• The Ministry for Human Rights and Refugees of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) 2011–2012, Bosnia and Herzegovina: Roma Survey. 2013 [accessed 26 Feb 2021]. Final Report. https://mics.unicef.org/surveys.
   Google Scholar
• Larson HJ, De Figueiredo A, Xiahong Z, Schulz WS, Verger P, Johnston IG, Cook AR, Jones NS. The state of vaccine confidence 2016: global insights through a 67-country survey. EBioMedicine. 2016;12:295–301. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forster AS, Rockliffe L, Chorley AJ, Marlow LAV, Bedford H, Smith SG, Waller J. A qualitative systematic review of factors influencing parents’ vaccination decision-making in the United Kingdom. Soc Sci Med. 2016;2:603–12.
   Google Scholar
• Yaqub O, Castle-Clarke S, Sevdalis N, Chataway J. Attitudes to vaccination: a critical review. Soc Sci Med. 2014;112:1–11. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.04.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Tailoring immunization programmes to reach underserved groups – the TIP approach. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization; 2019 [accessed 12 Nov 2020]. http://www.euro.who.int/tip.
   Google Scholar
• Bach Habersaat K, Jackson C. Understanding vaccine acceptance and demand—and ways to increase them. Bundesgesundheitsblatt. 2020;63:32–39. doi:10.1007/s00103-019-03063-0.
   Google Scholar
• Michie S, Atkins L, West R. The behaviour change wheel. A guide to designing interventions. Bream (UK): Silverback Publishing; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Musa S, Skrijelj V, Kulo A, Bach Habersaat K, Smjecanin M, Primorac E, Becirovic D, Jackson C. Identifying barriers and drivers to vaccination: a qualitative interview study with health workers in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Vaccine. 2020;38:1906–14. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musa S, Habersaat KB, Jackson C, Kulo A, Primorac E, Smjecanin M, Funk S. Tailoring immunization programmes: using patient file data to explore vaccination uptake and associated factors. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2020;23:1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Elo S, Kyngas H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2018;62:107–15. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen SM, Franklin BAK, Jackson C, Ceban A, Shishniashvili M, Sahakyan G, Mosina L, Habersaat K. New vaccine introduction: strengthening health literacy to increase health equity. Panorama. 2019;5:123–29.
   Google Scholar
• UNICEF. Knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to immunization of children in Serbia. 2018 [accessed 12 Nov 2020]. https://www.unicef.org/serbia/media/9146/file/Knowledge,%20attitudes%20and%20practices.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Hrvat F, Osman H, Selmac C, Aminad A. Vaccination awareness among population in Canton Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Int J Sci Basic Appl Res. 2020;51:179–90.
   Google Scholar
• Byström E, Lindstrand A, Likhite N, Butler R, Emmelin M. Parental attitudes and decision-making regarding MMR vaccination in an anthroposophic community in Sweden – a qualitative study. Vaccine. 2014;32:6752–57. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godoy-Ramirez K, Byström E, Lindstrand A, Butler AR, Ascher H, Kulane A. Exploring childhood immunization among undocumented migrants in Sweden – following qualitative study and the World Health Organizations guide to Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP). Public Health. 2019;171:97–105. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.04.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letley L, Rew V, Ahmed R, Habersaat KB, Paterson P, Chantler T, Saavedra-Campos M, Butler R. Tailoring immunisation programmes: using behavioural insights to identify barriers and enablers to childhood immunisations in a Jewish community in London, UK. Vaccine. 2018;36:4687–92. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakab Z. A road to equity: health literacy from a public health perspective. Public Health Panorama. 2019;5:127–29.
   Google Scholar
• Frascella B, Oradini-Alacreu A, Balzarini F, Signoreilli C, Lopalco PL, Odone A. Effectiveness of email-based reminders to increase vaccine uptake: a systematic review. Vaccine. 2020;38:433–43. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz Crescitelli ME, Ghirotto L, Sisson H, Sarli L, Artioli G, Bassi MC, Appicciutoli G, Hayter M. A meta-synthesis study of the key elements in childhood vaccine hesitancy. Public Health. 2020;180:38–45. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubé E, Gagnon D, MacDonald N, Bocquier A, Peretti-Watel P. Underlying factors impacting vaccine hesitancy in high income countries: a review of qualitative studies. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018;17:989–1004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubé E, Gagnon D, MacDonald N; The SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: review of published reviews. Vaccine. 2015;33:4191–203. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ames HMR, Glenton C, Lewin S. Parents’ and informal caregivers’ views and experiences of communication about routine childhood vaccination: a synthesis of qualitative evidence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;2:CD011787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry NJ, Danchin M, Trevena L, Witteman HO, Kinnersley P, Snelling T, Robinson P, Leask J. Sharing knowledge about immunisation (SKAI): an exploration of parents’ communication needs to inform development of a clinical communication support intervention. Vaccine. 2018;36:6480–90. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leask J, Kinnersley P, Jackson C, Cheater F, Bedford H, Rowle G. Communicating with parents about vaccination: a framework for health professionals. BMC Pediatr. 2012;12:154. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karafillakis E, Dinca I, Apfel F, Cecconi S, Wurz A, Takacs J, Suk J, Pastore Celentano L, Kramarz P, Larson HJ. Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Europe: a qualitative study. Vaccine. 2016;34:5103–5020. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman J, Ryan R, Walsh L, Horey D, Leask J, Robinson P, Hill S. Face‐to‐face interventions for informing or educating parents about early childhood vaccination. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;5:CD010038. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010038.pub3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leask J, Willaby HW, Kaufman J. The big picture in addressing vaccine hesitancy. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2014;10:2600–02. doi:10.4161/hv.29725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. Interpersonal communication for immunization package. 2018 [accessed 9 Feb 2021]. https://ccp.jhu.edu/projects/interpersonal-communication-for-immunization-package/.
   Google Scholar
• McKee C, Bohannon K. Exploring the reasons behind parental refusal of vaccines. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2016;21:104–09. doi:10.5863/1551-6776-21.2.104.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Betsch C, Korn L, Hotlmann C. Don’t try to convert the antivaccinators, instead target the fence-sitters. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112:E6725–E6726. doi:10.1073/pnas.1516350112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radovanovic Z. Anti-vaccinationists and their arguments in the Balkan countries that share the same language. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2017;145:199–204. doi:10.2298/SARH161214046R.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trifunovic V. Framing vaccination in post-socialist Serbia: an anthropological perspective. Issues Ethnol Anthropol. 2019;14:507–29. doi:10.21301/eap.v14i2.5.
   Google Scholar
• Ritchie J, Lewis J, McNaughton Nicholls C, Ormston R. Qualitative research practice. London (UK): SAGE; 2014.
   Google Scholar