References
- Olusanya OA, Bednarczyk RA, Davis RL, Shaban-Nejad A. Addressing parental vaccine hesitancy and other barriers to childhood/adolescent vaccination uptake during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Front Immunol. 2021;12:1. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.663074.
- Anderson EJ, Campbell JD, Creech CB, Frenck R, Kamidani S, Munoz FM, Nachman S, Spearman P. Warp speed for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) vaccines: why are children stuck in neutral? Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73:336–8 doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1425.
- Klass P, Ratner AJ. Vaccinating children against Covid-19 - the lessons of measles. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:589–91 doi:10.1056/NEJMp2034765.
- Food and Drug Administration. FDA authorizes Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use in children 5 through 11 years of age; 2021 Oct 29 [accessed 2022 Mar 16]. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-children-5-through-11-years-age.
- European Medicines Agency. Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine: EMA recommends approval for children aged 5 to 11; 2021 Nov 25 [accessed 2022 Apr 11]. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/comirnaty-covid-19-vaccine-ema-recommends-approval-children-aged-5-11.
- Walter EB, Talaat KR, Sabharwal C, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Paulsen GC, Barnett ED, Muñoz FM, Maldonado Y, Pahud BA, et al. Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in children 5 to 11 years of age. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(1):35–46. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2116298.
- Ripabelli G, Tamburro M, Buccieri N, Adesso C, Caggiano V, Cannizzaro F, Di Palma MA, Mantuano G, Montemitro VG, Natale A, et al. Active surveillance of adverse events in healthcare workers recipients after vaccination with COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNtech, Comirnaty): a cross-sectional study. J Community Health. 2022;47(2):211–25. doi:10.1007/s10900-021-01039-3.
- Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, Rezza G, D’Amico A, De Dona R, Iafigliola M, Parente A, Samprati N, Santagata A, Adesso C, et al. A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak among nursing home residents vaccinated with a booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. J Community Health. 2022;47(4):598–603. doi:10.1007/s10900-022-01082-8.
- Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco. AIFA approva il vaccino Comirnaty per la fascia di età 5-11 anni; 2021 Dec 1 [ accessed 2022 Mar 3]. https://www.aifa.gov.it/-/aifa-approva-il-vaccino-comirnaty-per-la-fascia-di-età-5-11-anni.
- Menni C, Klaser K, May A, Polidori L, Capdevila J, Louca P, Sudre CH, Nguyen LH, Drew DA, Merino J, et al. Vaccine side-effects and SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination in users of the COVID symptom study app in the UK: a prospective observational study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(7):939–49. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00224-3.
- Grasso GM, Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, Manfredi Selvaggi TM, Quaranta A. Vaccine storage in the community: a study in central Italy. Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77:352–55.
- Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez JL, Pérez Marc G, Moreira ED, Zerbini C, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27):2603–15. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2034577.
- Eberhardt CS, Siegrist CA, Kalaycı Ö. Is there a role for childhood vaccination against COVID-19? Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021;32(1):9–16. doi:10.1111/pai.13401.
- Comar M, Benvenuto S, Lazzerini M, Fedele G, Barbi E, Amaddeo A, Risso FM, Strajn T, Di Rocco P, Stefanelli P, et al. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study. Ital J Pediatr. 2021;47(1):131. doi:10.1186/s13052-021-01074-9.
- Bassi F, Doria M. Diffusion of COVID-19 among children and adolescents during the second and third waves of the pandemic in Italy. Eur J Pediatr. 2022;181(4):1619–32. doi:10.1007/s00431-021-04330-6.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Potential rapid increase of omicron variant infections in the United States; 2021 Dec 20 [accessed 2022 Mar 26]. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/forecasting/mathematical-modeling-outbreak.html.
- Lombardi N, Crescioli G, Bettiol A, Tuccori M, Rossi M, Bonaiuti R, Ravaldi C, Levi M, Mugelli A, Ricci S, et al. Vaccines safety in children and in general population: a pharmacovigilance study on adverse events following anti-infective vaccination in Italy. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:948. doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00948.
- Weber SK, Schlagenhauf P. Childhood vaccination associated adverse events by sex: a literature review. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2014;12(5):459–80. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.01.008.
- Hause AM, Baggs J, Marquez P, Myers TR, Gee J, Su JR, Zhang B, Thompson D, Shimabukuro TT, Shay DK. COVID-19 vaccine safety in children aged 5-11 years - United States, November 3-December 19, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(5152):1755–60. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm705152a1.
- Xu W, Tang J, Chen C, Wang C, Wen W, Cheng Y, Zhou M, Wu Q, Zhang X, Feng Z, et al. Safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in children and/or adolescents: a meta-analysis. J Infect. 2022;84(5):722–46. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.032.
- European Medicines Agency. Comirnaty: ePAR - product information; 2022 May 6 [accessed 2022 May 12]. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/comirnaty.
- Italian Medicines Agency. Report on pharmacovigilance on COVID-19 vaccines, n. 11, 27/12/2020-26/03/2022; [accessed 2022 May 15]. https://www.aifa.gov.it/web/guest/farmacovigilanza-vaccini-covid-19.
- Green MS, Peer V, Magid A, Hagani N, Anis E, Nitzan D. Gender differences in adverse events following the Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(2):233. doi:10.3390/vaccines10020233.
- Larkin K, Sharma A, Drachtman R, Salaru G. Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 vaccination. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2022;69(5):e29516. doi:10.1002/pbc.29516.
- Felices-Farias JM, Martínez-Martínez JF, Guzmán-Aroca F. Unusual lymphadenopathies secondary to the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. Med Clin (Engl Ed). 2022;158(7):343–44. doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2021.06.018.
- Cocco G, Delli Pizzi A, Taraschi AL, Boccatonda A, Corvino A, Ucciferri C, Falasca K, Caulo M, Vecchiet J. Atypical sites of lymphadenopathy after Anti-COVID-19 vaccine: ultrasound features. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(2):197. doi:10.3390/medicina58020197.
- Frenck RW Jr, Klein NP, Kitchin N, Gurtman A, Absalon J, Lockhart S, Perez JL, Walter EB, Senders S, Bailey R, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(3):239–50. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2107456.
- Keshavarz P, Yazdanpanah F, Rafiee F, Mizandari M. Lymphadenopathy following COVID-19 vaccination: imaging findings review. Acad Radiol. 2021;28(8):1058–71. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2021.04.007.
- Goraya JS, Virdi VS. Bacille Calmette-Guérin lymphadenitis. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78(920):327–29. doi:10.1136/pmj.78.920.327.
- European Medicines Agency. EMA recommends approval of Spikevax for children aged 6 to 11; 2022 Feb 24 [accessed 2022 May 11]. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-approval-spikevax-children-aged-6-11.
- Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation. ATAGI recommendations on the use of Spikevax (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 6 to 11 years. Australian Government Department of Health; 2022 Feb 23 [accessed 2022 May 11]. https://www.health.gov.au/news/atagi-recommendations-on-the-use-of-spikevax-moderna-covid-19-vaccine-in-children-aged-6-to-11-years.
- Health Canada. Health Canada authorizes use of the Moderna Spikevax (50 mcg) COVID-19 vaccine in children 6 to 11 years of age; 2022 Mar 17 [accessed 2022 May 11]. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2022/03/health-canada-authorizes-use-of-the-moderna-spikevax-50-mcg-covid-19-vaccine-in-children-6-to-11-years-of-age.html .
- Creech CB, Anderson E, Berthaud V, Yildirim I, Atz AM, Melendez Baez I, Finkelstein D, Pickrell P, Kirstein J, Yut C, et al. Evaluation of mRNA-1273 Covid-19 vaccine in children 6 to 11 years of age. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(21):2011–23. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2203315.