Ivabradine protects rats against myocardial infarction through reinforcing autophagy via inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway

References

• Buja LM, Entman ML. Modes of myocardial cell injury and cell death in ischemic heart disease. Circulation. 1998;98(14):1355–1357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. (2011) Heart disease and stroke statistics–2011 update: a report from the American heart association, Circulation. 123, e18–e209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdallah MH, Arnaout S, Karrowni W, et al. The management of acute myocardial infarction in developing countries. Int J Cardiol. 2006;111(2):189–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, Minicucci MF, et al. Cardiac remodeling: concepts, clinical impact, pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacologic treatment. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016;106:62–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chew DS, Heikki H, Schmidt G, et al. Change in left ventricular ejection fraction following first myocardial infarction and outcome. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;4:672–682.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu Z, Zai W, Chen W, et al. Curdione ameliorated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through suppressing oxidative stress and activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2019;74:118–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen G, Song X, Lin D, et al. Isofraxidin alleviates myocardial infarction through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Inflammation. 2020;43:712–721.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koruth JS, Lala A, Pinney S, et al. The clinical use of Ivabradine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:1777–1784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ide T, Ohtani K, Higo T, et al. Ivabradine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Circ J. 2019;83:252–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vilaine JP, Bidouard JP, Lesage L, et al. Anti-ischemic effects of ivabradine, a selective heart rate-reducing agent, in exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in pigs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003;42(5):688–696.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew ST, Po SS, Thadani U. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia-symptom and heart rate reduction with ivabradine: a pooled analysis of prospective studies. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15(2):240–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marciszek M, Paterek A, Oknińska M, et al. Ivabradine is as effective as metoprolol in the prevention of ventricular arrhythmias in acute non-reperfused myocardial infarction in the rat. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):15027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Zhang W, Zhong X, et al. Effect of early use of ivabradine on left ventricular remodeling after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a pilot test. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2021;26(2):e12816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu X, You W, Wu Z, et al. Ivabradine promotes angiogenesis and reduces cardiac hypertrophy in mice with myocardial infarction. Anatol J Cardiol. 2018;20(5):266–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatica D, Lahiri V, Klionsky DJ. Cargo recognition and degradation by selective autophagy. Nat Cell Biol. 2018;20(3):233–242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galluzzi L, Pietrocola F, Levine B, et al. Metabolic control of autophagy. Cell. 2014;159(6):1263–1276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sciarretta S, Maejima Y, Zablocki D, et al. The Role of Autophagy in the Heart. Annu Rev Physiol. 2018;80(1):1–26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nakai A, Yamaguchi O, Takeda T, et al. The role of autophagy in cardiomyocytes in the basal state and in response to hemodynamic stress. Nat Med. 2007;13(5):619–624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsui Y, Takagi H, Qu X, et al. Distinct roles of autophagy in the heart during ischemia and reperfusion: roles of AMP-activated protein kinase and Beclin 1 in mediating autophagy. Circ Res. 2007;100(6):914–922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sciarretta S, Yee D, Nagarajan N, et al. Trehalose-induced activation of autophagy improves cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(18):1999–2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bocchi EA, Salemi VMC. Ivabradine for treatment of heart failure. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2019;18(5):393–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niccoli G, Borovac JA, Vetrugno V, et al. Ivabradine in acute coronary syndromes: protection beyond heart rate lowering. Int J Cardiol. 2017;236:107–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackiewicz U, Gerges JY, Chu S, et al. Ivabradine protects against ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction in the rat. J Cell Physiol. 2014;26(6):813–823.
   Google Scholar
• Barillà F, Pannarale G, Torromeo C, et al. Ivabradine in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: a preliminary randomized prospective study. Clin Drug Investig. 2016;36(10):849–856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milliez P, Messaoudi S, Nehme J, et al. Beneficial effects of delayed ivabradine treatment on cardiac anatomical and electrical remodeling in rat severe chronic heart failure. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2009;20(2):H435–41.
   Google Scholar
• Maczewski M, Mackiewicz U. Effect of metoprolol and ivabradine on left ventricular remodelling and Ca2+ handling in the post-infarction rat heart. Cardiovasc Res. 2008;13(1):42–51.
   Google Scholar
• Suffredini S, Stillitano F, Comini L, et al. Long-term treatment with ivabradine in post-myocardial infarcted rats counteracts f-channel overexpression. Br J Pharmacol. 2012;165(5):1457–1466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Song Y, Liu L, et al. miR-199a impairs autophagy and induces cardiac hypertrophy through mTOR activation. Cell Death Differ. 2017;24(7):1205–1213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang J, He J, Ismail M, et al. HDAC inhibition induces autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis during cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019;130:36–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ba L, Gao J, Chen Y, et al. Allicin attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting autophagy via activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK/mTOR signaling pathways. Phytomedicine. 2019;58:152765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Lei H, Shi Y, et al. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine alleviates overload-exercise-induced cardiac injury in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2017;38(7):990–997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie Y-P, Lai S, Lin Q-Y, et al. CDC20 regulates cardiac hypertrophy via targeting LC3-dependent autophagy. Theranostics. 2018;8(21):5995–6007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wesselborg S, Stork B. Autophagy signal transduction by ATG proteins: from hierarchies to networks. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015;72:4721–4757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Castro GS, Simoes E, Lima J, et al. Human cachexia induces changes in mitochondria, autophagy and apoptosis in the skeletal muscle. Cancers. 2019;11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z, Gong L, Zhang P, et al. Epigenetic down-regulation of sirt 1 via DNA methylation and oxidative stress signaling contributes to the gestational diabetes mellitus-induced fetal programming of heart ischemia-sensitive phenotype in late life. Int J Biol Sci. 2019;15:1240–1251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maejima Y, Isobe M, Sadoshima J. Regulation of autophagy by Beclin 1 in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;95:19–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang T, Harder B, Rojo DLV, et al. p62 links autophagy and Nrf2 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015;88:199–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lv X, Zhu Y, Deng Y, et al. Glycyrrhizin improved autophagy flux via HMGB1-dependent Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to prevent Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Toxicology. 2020;441:152508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang J, Xu J, Han X, et al. Lysophosphatidic acid is associated with cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy by suppressing autophagy via the LPA3/AKT/mTOR pathway. Front Physiol. 2018;9:1315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y, Hu Z, Li B, et al. Ivabradine improved left ventricular function and pressure overload-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a transverse aortic constriction mouse model. Mol Cell Biochem. 2019;450:25–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng H, Zhang Y, An ST, et al. Annexin A3 gene silencing promotes myocardial cell repair through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rats with acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:10535–10546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei YX, Dong SM, Wang YY, et al. Autophagy participates in the protection role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in acute myocardial infarction via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Cell biology international. 2020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang E, Zhao X, Zhang L, et al. Minocycline promotes cardiomyocyte mitochondrial autophagy and cardiomyocyte autophagy to prevent sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by Akt/mTOR signaling. Apoptosis. 2019;24:369–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu P, Zhou H, Lu M, et al. Autophagy plays a protective role in advanced glycation end product-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;37:697–706.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yao H, Zhou L, Tang L, et al. Protective effects of luteolin-7-O-glucoside against starvation-induced injury through upregulation of autophagy in H9c2 Cells. Biosci Trends. 2017;11:557–564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar