Ephedrine alleviates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced neurological deficits and hippocampal neuronal damage in rats by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

References

• Gao XJ, Xie GN, Liu L, et al. Sesamol attenuates oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med. 2017;14:841–847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Li Y, Ning N, et al. Decreased autophagy induced by β(1)-adrenoceptor autoantibodies contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9:406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lei J, Chen Q. Resveratrol attenuates brain damage in permanent focal cerebral ischemia via activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rats. Neurol Res. 2018;40:1014–1020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dogan E, Inglesi-Lotz R. The impact of economic structure to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis: evidence from European countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020;27:12717–12724.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sioud F, Ben Toumia I, Lahmer A, et al. Methanolic extract of Ephedra alata ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity through reducing oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020;27:12792–12801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei W, Du H, Shao C, et al. Screening of antiviral components of Ma Huang Tang and investigation on the ephedra alkaloids efficacy on influenza virus type A. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Z, Kong X, Zhang T, et al. Pseudoephedrine/ephedrine shows potent anti-inflammatory activity against TNF-α-mediated acute liver failure induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;724:112–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li SZ, Xiao N, Zhang XP. Effect of ephedrine on neuronal plasticity in neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2007;32:1684–1687.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jin JZ, Li HY, Jin J, et al. Exogenous pancreatic kininogenase protects against renal fibrosis in rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020;41:1597–1608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Y, Ren C, Zhang M, et al. Perilipin 5 reduces oxidative damage associated with lipotoxicity by activating the PI3K/ERK-mediated Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Li Z, Wu Y, et al. Euscaphic acid and Tormentic acid protect vascular endothelial cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis via PI3K/AKT or ERK 1/2 signaling pathway. Life Sci. 2020;252:117666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao M, Hou S, Feng L, et al. Vinpocetine protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting astrocytic connexin43 via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braidy N, Grant R, Adams S, et al. Neuroprotective effects of naturally occurring polyphenols on quinolinic acid-induced excitotoxicity in human neurons. Febs J. 2010;277:368–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Xiao N, Lin L, et al. Ephedrine and naloxone promote nerve remodeling after cerebral ischemia. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2009;34:1852–1856.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tu XK, Yang WZ, Chen JP, et al. Repetitive ischemic preconditioning attenuates inflammatory reaction and brain damage after focal cerebral ischemia in rats: involvement of PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. J Mol Neurosci. 2015;55:912–922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng H, Hu L, Zhu H, et al. Repurposing antimycotic ciclopirox olamine as a promising anti-ischemic stroke agent. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2020;10:434–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu D, Wang H, Zhang Y, et al. Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury rats by regulating oxidative stress-related Nrf2 pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020;14:51–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ya BL, Liu Q, Li HF, et al. Uric acid protects against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress via activating Nrf2 and regulating neurotrophic factor expression. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018;2018:6069150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Chen C, Zhan X, et al. R13 preserves motor performance in SOD1(G93A) mice by improving mitochondrial function. Theranostics. 2021;11:7294–7307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Yang X, Han F, et al. Propofol improves brain injury induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9:2801–2809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escobar ML, Echeverria OM, Palacios-Martínez S, et al. Beclin 1 interacts with active caspase-3 and bax in oocytes from atretic follicles in the rat ovary. J Histochem Cytochem. 2019;67:873–889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigo R, Fernández-Gajardo R, Gutiérrez R, et al. Oxidative stress and pathophysiology of ischemic stroke: novel therapeutic opportunities. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2013;12:698–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu L, Xiong X, Wu X, et al. Targeting oxidative stress and inflammation to prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Mol Neurosci. 2020;13:28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu J, Wang WN, Matei N, et al. Ezetimibe attenuates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via the AMPK/Nrf2/TXNIP pathway after MCAO in rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020;2020:4717258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen S, Liao T. Ephedrine causes liver toxicity in SD rats via oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2021;40:16–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho M, Carmo H, Costa VM, et al. Toxicity of amphetamines: an update. Arch Toxicol. 2012;86:1167–1231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller DK, McMahon LR, Green TA, et al. Repeated administration of ephedrine induces behavioral sensitization in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998;140:52–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wellman PJ, Miller DK, Livermore CL, et al. Effects of (-)-ephedrine on locomotion, feeding, and nucleus accumbens dopamine in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998;135:133–140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andraws R, Chawla P, Brown DL. Cardiovascular effects of ephedra alkaloids: a comprehensive review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2005;47:217–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Y, Yang Y, Li Y, et al. Ephedrine hydrochloride inhibits PGN-induced inflammatory responses by promoting IL-10 production and decreasing proinflammatory cytokine secretion via the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. Cell Mol Immunol. 2013;10:330–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Wang R, Wang K, et al. Upregulated long noncoding RNA Snhg1 promotes the angiogenesis of brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment by targeting miR-199a. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018;96:909–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erfani S, Moghimi A, Aboutaleb N, et al. Protective effects of nucleobinding-2 after cerebral ischemia via modulating Bcl-2/Bax ratio and reducing glial fibrillary acid protein expression. Basic Clin Neurosci. 2019;10:451–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen S, Xiao N, Zhang X. Effect of combined therapy with ephedrine and hyperbaric oxygen on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Neurosci Lett. 2009;465:171–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Shen R, Shu Z, et al. S100A12 promotes inflammation and apoptosis in ischemia/reperfusion injury via ERK signaling in vitro study using PC12 cells. Pathol Int. 2020;70:403–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao J, Chen N, Li N, et al. Neuroprotective effects of trilobatin, a novel naturally occurring Sirt3 agonist from lithocarpus polystachyus rehd., mitigate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: involvement of TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2020;33:117–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali A, Shah FA, Zeb A, et al. NF-κB inhibitors attenuate MCAO induced neurodegeneration and oxidative stress-A reprofiling approach. Front Mol Neurosci. 2020;13:33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Y, Guo Z, He W, et al. Ephedrine hydrochloride protects mice from LPS challenge by promoting IL-10 secretion and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol. 2012;13:46–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoe I, Kobayashi H. Impact of biological treatment on left ventricular dysfunction determined by global circumferential, longitudinal and radial strain values using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis. 2020;23:1363–1371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang K, Yang Y, Ge H, et al. Artesunate promotes the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells and alleviates Ischemia-reperfusion Injury through PI3K/Akt/FOXO-3a/p27(kip1) signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY). 2020;12:8029–8048.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen J, Zhang X, Liu X, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes cerebral angiogenesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in ischemic mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019;856:172418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng C, Wan H, Zhang Y, et al. Neuroprotective effect of danhong injection on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Song Y, Feng C. Improvement of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by daucosterol palmitate-induced neuronal apoptosis inhibition via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis. 2020;35:1035–1044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang F, Lee JT, Navolanic PM, et al. Involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and neoplastic transformation: a target for cancer chemotherapy. Leukemia. 2003;17:590–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toli A, Mystrioti C, Xenidis A, et al. Continuous flow process for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions using resin supported zero-valent iron. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2020;106:409–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li G, Liu S, Wang H, et al. Ligustrazine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide‑induced neurocognitive impairment by activating autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2020;45:1711–1720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He W, Ma J, Chen Y, et al. Ephedrine hydrochloride protects mice from staphylococcus aureus-induced peritonitis. Am J Transl Res. 2018;10:670–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar