Ultra-strong and strain-hardenable ultrafine-grained medium-entropy alloy via enhanced grain-boundary strengthening

References

• Raabe D, Tasan CC, Olivetti EA. Strategies for improving the sustainability of structural metals. Nature. 2019;575:64–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Pradeep KG, Deng Y, et al. Metastable high-entropy dual-phase alloys overcome the strength-ductility trade-off. Nature. 2016;534:227–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang YJ, Wang L, Wen Y, et al. High-content ductile coherent nanoprecipitates achieve ultrastrong high-entropy alloys. Nat Commun. 2018;9:4063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang H, Li J, Guo T, et al. Fully recrystallized Al0.5CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy strengthened by nanoscale precipitates. Met Mater Int. 2019;25:1145–1150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng Z, Zhou H, Lu Q, et al. Extra strengthening and work hardening in gradient nanotwinned metals. Science. 2018;362:559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathiyamoorthi P, Kim HS. High-entropy alloys with heterogeneous microstructure: processing and mechanical properties. Prog Mater Sci. 2020: 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100709
   Google Scholar
• Lee HH, Hwang KJ, Jung J, et al. Grain size effect on mechanical properties under biaxial stretching in pure tantalum. Met Mater Int. 2019;25:1448–1456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miracle DB. High entropy alloys as a bold step forward in alloy development. Nat Commun. 2019;10:1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang MJ, Kwak H, Lee YW, et al. Plastic deformation behavior of 40Fe–25Ni–15Cr–10Co–10V high-entropy alloy for cryogenic applications. Met Mater Int. 2019;25:277–284.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon J, Park JM, Bae JW, et al. A new strategy for designing immiscible medium-entropy alloys with excellent tensile properties. Acta Mater. 2020;193:71–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JM, Choe J, Kim JG, et al. Superior tensile properties of 1%C-CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy additively manufactured by selective laser melting. Mater Res Lett. 2020;8:1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JM, Choe J, Park HK, et al. Synergetic strengthening of additively manufactured (CoCrFeMnNi)99C1 high-entropy alloy by heterogeneous anisotropic microstructure. Addit Manuf. 2020;35:101333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida S, Bhattacharjee T, Bai Y, et al. Friction stress and Hall-Petch relationship in CoCrNi equi-atomic medium entropy alloy processed by severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing. Scr Mater. 2017;134:33–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon J, Jang MJ, Bae JW, et al. Mechanical behavior and solid solution strengthening model for face-centered cubic single crystalline and polycrystalline high-entropy alloys. Intermetallics. 2018;98:89–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sohn SS, Da Silva AK, Ikeda Y, et al. Ultrastrong medium-entropy single-phase alloys designed via severe lattice distortion. Adv Mater. 2019;31:1807142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo H, Sohn SS, Lu W, et al. A strong and ductile medium-entropy alloy resists hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion. Nat Commun. 2020;11:3081.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sohn SS, Kim DG, Jo YH, et al. High-rate superplasticity in an equiatomic medium-entropy VCoNi alloy enabled through dynamic recrystallization of a duplex microstructure of ordered phases. Acta Mater. 2020;194:106–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asghari-Rad P, Sathiyamoorthi P, Nguyen NTC, et al. Fine-tuning of mechanical properties in V10Cr15Mn5Fe35Co10Ni25 high-entropy alloy through high-pressure torsion and annealing. Mater Sci Eng A. 2020;771:138604.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathiyamoorthi P, Bae JW, Asghari-Rad P, et al. Effect of annealing on microstructure and tensile behavior of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy processed by high-pressure torsion. Entropy. 2018;20:849.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathiyamoorthi P, Bae JW, Asghari-Rad P, et al. Ultra-high tensile strength nanocrystalline CoCrNi equi-atomic medium entropy alloy processed by high-pressure torsion. Mater Sci Eng A. 2018;735:394–397.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun SJ, Tian YZ, Lin HR, et al. Transition of twinning behavior in CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy with grain refinement. Mater Sci Eng A. 2018;712:603–607.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun SJ, Tian YZ, Lin HR, et al. Temperature dependence of the Hall–Petch relationship in CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy. J Alloys Compd. 2019;806:992–998.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su J, Raabe D, Li Z. Hierarchical microstructure design to tune the mechanical behavior of an interstitial TRIP-TWIP high-entropy alloy. Acta Mater. 2019;163:40–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim HS, Estrin Y. Ductility of ultrafine grained copper. Appl Phys Lett. 2001;79:4115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouaziz O, Estrin Y, Bréchet Y, et al. Critical grain size for dislocation storage and consequences for strain hardening of nanocrystalline materials. Scr Mater. 2010;63:477–479.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang M, Devincre B, Monnet G. Effects of the grain size and shape on the flow stress: A dislocation dynamics study. Int J Plast. 2019;113:111–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouaziz O, Barbier D, Embury JD, et al. An extension of the Kocks–Mecking model of work hardening to include kinematic hardening and its application to solutes in ferrite. Phil Mag. 2013;93:247–255.
   Google Scholar
• Zhu Y, Wu X. Perspective on hetero-deformation induced (HDI) hardening and back stress. Mater Res Lett. 2019;7:393–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Y, Ameyama K, Anderson PM, et al. Heterostructured materials: superior properties from hetero-zone interaction. Mater Res Lett. 2021;9:1–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouaziz O, Moon J, Kim HS, et al. Isotropic and kinematic hardening of a high entropy alloy. Scr Mater. 2021;191:107–110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsch E, Ponge D, Hafez Haghighat SM, et al. Strain hardening by dynamic slip band refinement in a high-Mn lightweight steel. Acta Mater. 2016;116:188–199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinclair CW, Poole WJ, Bréchet Y. A model for the grain size dependent work hardening of copper. Scr Mater. 2006;55:739–742.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar