Who are Citizen Journalists in the Social Media Environment?

References

• Allan, Stuart. 2006. Online News: Journalism And The Internet: Journalism and the Internet. New York: McGraw-Hill International.
   Google Scholar
• Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, Pierre, and Loïc J. D. Wacquant. 1992. An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bruns, Axel. 2005. Gatewatching: Collaborative Online News Production. New York: Peter Lang Pub Incorporated.
   Google Scholar
• Bruns, Axel. 2008. Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From Production to Produsage. New York: Peter Lang Pub Incorporated.
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter, Serena. 2010. “A Study of Content Diversity in Online Citizen Journalism and Online Newspaper Articles.” New Media & Society 12 (7): 1064–1084.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, James. S. 1988. “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.” American Journal of Sociology 94: 95–120.10.1086/ajs.1988.94.issue-s1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deuze, Mark. 2005. “What is Journalism? Professional Identity and Ideology of Journalists Reconsidered.” Journalism 6 (4): 442–464.10.1177/1464884905056815
   Google Scholar
• Domingo, David, and Ari Heinonen. 2008. “Weblogs and Journalism.” Nordicom Review 29 (1): 3–15.
   Google Scholar
• Ellison, Nicole B., Charles Steinfield, and Cliff Lampe. 2007. “The Benefits of Facebook ‘Friends:’ Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Social Network Sites.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 12 (4): 1143–1168.10.1111/jcmc.2007.12.issue-4
   Google Scholar
• Flew, Terry, and Jason Wilson. 2010. “Journalism as Social Networking: The Australian Youdecide Project and the 2007 Federal Election.” Journalism 11 (2): 131–147.10.1177/1464884909355733
   Google Scholar
• Gilbert, Eric, and Karrie Karahalios. 2009. “Predicting Tie Strength with Social Media.” Paper presented at the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Boston, MA, April 4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Gillmor, Dan. 2004. “We the Media: The Rise of Citizen Journalists.” National Civic Review 93 (3): 58–63.
   Google Scholar
• Goode, Luke. 2009. “Social News, Citizen Journalism and Democracy.” New Media & Society 11 (8): 1287–1305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida, Alfred. 2009. “THE BLOGGING BBC: Journalism Blogs at “the World's most Trusted News Organization”.” Journalism Practice 3 (3): 268–284.
   Google Scholar
• Hess, Kristy. 2013. “Breaking Boundaries: Recasting the ‘Local’ Newspaper as ‘Geo-Social’ News in a Digital Landscape.” Digital Journalism 1 (1): 48–63.10.1080/21670811.2012.714933
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins, Henry. 2006. Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: NYU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, Thomas J., and David D. Perlmutter. 2010. “Introduction: The Facebook Election.” Mass Communication and Society 13 (5): 554–559.10.1080/15205436.2010.517490
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joyce, Mary. 2007. “The Citizen Journalism Web Site ‘Ohmynews’ and the 2002 South Korean Presidential Election.” Berkman Center Research Publication 2007 (15): 1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Kaufhold, Kelly, Sebastian Valenzuela, and Homero Gil De Zúñiga. 2010. “Citizen Journalism and Democracy: How User-generated News Use Relates to Political Knowledge and Participation.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 87 (3–4): 515–529.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirlin, Mary. 2002. “Civic Skill Building: The Missing Component in Service Programs?” PS-WASHINGTON 35 (3): 571–576.
   Google Scholar
• Kperogi, Farooq A. 2011. “Cooperation with the Corporation? CNN and the Hegemonic Cooptation of Citizen Journalism through IReport. Com.” New Media & Society 13 (2): 314–329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, Seth C., Kelly Kaufhold, and Dominic L. Lasorsa. 2010. “Thinking about Citizen Journalism.” Journalism Practice 4 (2): 163–179.10.1080/14616700903156919
   Google Scholar
• Lin, Nan. 2002. Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lowrey, Wilson. 2006. “Mapping the Journalism–Blogging Relationship.” Journalism 7 (4): 477–500.10.1177/1464884906068363
   Google Scholar
• Lowrey, Wilson. 2012. “Journalism Innovation and the Ecology of News Production Institutional Tendencies.” Journalism & Communication Monographs 14 (4): 214–287.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, Brian L., and Tanni Haas. 2002. “Does Making Journalism More Public Make a Difference? A Critical Review of Evaluative Research on Public Journalism.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 79 (3): 559–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDevitt, Michael, Bob M. Gassaway, and Frank G. Pérez. 2002. “The Making and Unmaking of Civic Journalists: Influences of Professional Socialization.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 79 (1): 87–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nip, Joyce Y. M. 2006. “Exploring the Second Phase of Public Journalism.” Journalism Studies 7 (2): 212–236.10.1080/14616700500533528
   Google Scholar
• Pease, Edward C. 1990. “Ducking the Diversity Issue: Newspapers’ Real Failure is Performance.” NewspaperResearch Journal 11 (3): 24–37.
   Google Scholar
• Porter, Joshua. 2009. “Relationship Symmetry in Social Networks: Why Facebook Will Go Fully Asymmetric.” Bokardo.Com, March 29. http://quibb.com/links/relationship-symmetry-in-social-networks-why-facebook-will-go-fully-asymmetric/view.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, Robert D. 1995. “Tuning In, Tuning Out: The Strange Disappearance of Social capital in America.” Political science & politics 28 (4): 664–683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, Robert D., and K. A. Goss. 2002. “Democracies Influx.” In The Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary Society, edited by Robert Putnam, 1–19. New York: Oxford University.
   Google Scholar
• Richards, Ian. 2013. “Beyond City Limits: Regional Journalism and Social Capital.” Journalism 14 (5): 627–642.10.1177/1464884912453280
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, Sue. 2007. “Someone’s Gotta Be in Control Here.” Journalism Practice 1 (3): 305–321.10.1080/17512780701504856
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, Sue. 2009. “‘If You had been with us’: Mainstream Press and Citizen Journalists Jockey for Authority over the Collective Memory of Hurricane Katrina.” New Media & Society 11 (5): 795–814.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, Sue, and Cathy DeShano. 2011. “'Anyone can know': Citizen Journalism and the Interpretive Community of the Mainstream Press.” Journalism 12 (8): 1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen, Jay. 2008. “A Most Useful Definition of Citizen Journalism.” PressThink, July 14. http://archive.pressthink.org/2008/07/14/a_most_useful_d.html
   Google Scholar
• Salawu, Abiodun. 2011. “Citizen Journalism off-Line: The (Nigerian) Punch’s Model.” Journal of Communication 9: 185–196.
   Google Scholar
• Shoemaker, Pamela J., and Tim P. Vos. 2009. Gatekeeping Theory. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Shoemaker, Pamela J., Tim P. Vos, and Stephen D. Reese. 2008. “Journalists as Gatekeepers.” In Handbook of Journalism Studies, edited by Karin Wahl-Jorgensen and Thomas Hanitzsch, 73–87. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, Jane B. 2003. “Who Are These Guys? The Online Challenge to the Notion of Journalistic Professionalism.” Journalism 4 (2): 139–163.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, Jane B. 2005. “The Political J-Blogger ‘Normalizing’ a New Media Form to Fit Old Norms and Practices.” Journalism 6 (2): 173–198.10.1177/1464884905051009
   Google Scholar
• Social Networking Fact Sheet. 2014. Pew Research Internet Project. http://www.pewinternet.org/fact-sheets/social-networking-fact-sheet/.
   Google Scholar
• SPJ Code of Ethics. 2013. Society of Professional Journalists. Report for the Society of Professional Journalists, June 6. http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp.
   Google Scholar
• Steinfield, Charles, Nicole B. Ellison, and Cliff Lampe. 2008. “Social Capital, Self-esteem, and Use of Online Social Network Sites: A Longitudinal Analysis.” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 29 (6): 434–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thurman, Neil. 2008. “Forums for Citizen Journalists? Adoption of User Generated Content Initiatives by Online News Media.” New Media & Society 10 (1): 139–157.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremayne, Mark. 2006. Blogging, Citizenship, and the Future of Media. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Valenzuela, Sebastián, Namsu Park, and Kerk F. Kee. 2009. “Is There Social Capital in a Social Network Site?: Facebook Use and College Students’ Life Satisfaction, Trust, and Participation.” Journal of Computer-mediated Communication 14 (4): 875–901.10.1111/jcmc.2009.14.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, Dmitri. 2006. “On and off The’Net: Scales for Social Capital in an Online Era.” Journal of Computer-mediated Communication 11 (2): 593–628.10.1111/jcmc.2006.11.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, Bruce A., and Michael X. Delli Carpini. 2004. “Monica and Bill All the Time and Everywhere the Collapse of Gatekeeping and Agenda Setting in the New Media Environment.” American Behavioral Scientist 47 (9): 1208–1230.10.1177/0002764203262344
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolcock, M., and A. T. Sweetser. 2002. “Bright Ideas: Social Capital—The Bonds That Connect.” Asian Development Bank Review 34 (2): 26–27.
   Google Scholar
• Woolley, Julia K., Anthony M. Limperos, and Mary Beth Oliver. 2010. “The 2008 Presidential Election, 2.0: A Content Analysis of User-generated Political Facebook Groups.” Mass Communication and Society 13 (5): 631–652.10.1080/15205436.2010.516864
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar