References
- Vernon H, Mior S. The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14(7):409–415.
- Hudak PL, Amadio PC, Bombardier C, et al. Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand). Am J Ind Med. 1996;29(6):602–608.
- Mottram S, Blandford L. Assessment of movement coordination strategies to inform health of movement and guide retraining interventions. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2020;45:102100.
- Riemann BL, Lephart SM. The sensorimotor system, part I: the physiologic basis of functional joint stability. J Athl Train. 2002;37(1):71–79.
- Roijezon U, Clark NC, Treleaven J. Proprioception in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Part 1: basic science and principles of assessment and clinical interventions. Man Ther. 2015;20(3):368–377.
- Treleaven J, Jull G, Sterling M. Dizziness and unsteadiness following whiplash injury: characteristic features and relationship with cervical joint position error. J Rehabil Med. 2003;35(1):36–43.
- Sandlund J, Djupsjobacka M, Ryhed B, et al. Predictive and discriminative value of shoulder proprioception tests for patients with whiplash-associated disorders. J Rehabil Med. 2006;38(1):44–49.
- Juul-Kristensen B, Lund H, Hansen K, et al. Poorer elbow proprioception in patients with lateral epicondylitis than in healthy controls: a cross-sectional study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008;17(1):72S–81S.
- Sandlund J, Roijezon U, Bjorklund M, et al. Acuity of goal-directed arm movements to visible targets in chronic neck pain. J Rehabil Med. 2008;40(5):366–374.
- Sjolander P, Michaelson P, Jaric S, et al. Sensorimotor disturbances in chronic neck pain-range of motion, peak velocity, smoothness of movement, and repositioning acuity. Man Ther. 2008;13(2):122–131.
- de Vries J, Ischebeck BK, Voogt LP, et al. Joint position sense error in people with neck pain: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2015;20(6):736–744.
- Reddy RS, Tedla JS, Dixit S, et al. Cervical proprioception and its relationship with neck pain intensity in subjects with cervical spondylosis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(1):447.
- Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice. Philadelphia (PA): Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.
- van Beers RJ, Wolpert DM, Haggard P. When feeling is more important than seeing in sensorimotor adaptation. Curr Biol. 2002;12(10):834–837.
- Elsig S, Luomajoki H, Sattelmayer M, et al. Sensorimotor tests, such as movement control and laterality judgment accuracy, in persons with recurrent neck pain and controls. A case-control study. Man Ther. 2014;19(6):555–561.
- Sahrmann SA. Diagnosis and treatment of movement impairment syndromes. St. Louis (MO): Mosby; 2002.
- Sahrmann S. Movement system impairment syndromes of the extremities, cervical and thoracic spines. St. Louis (MO): Elsevier Mosby; 2011.
- Comerford M, Mottram S. Kinetic control: the management of uncontrolled movement. St. Louis (MO): Elsevier; 2012.
- Caldwell C, Sahrmann S, Van Dillen L. Use of a movement system impairment diagnosis for physical therapy in the management of a patient with shoulder pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37(9):551–563.
- Aasa B, Lundström L, Papacosta D, et al. Do we see the same movement impairments? The inter-rater reliability of movement tests for experienced and novice physiotherapists. Euro J Physiother. 2014;16(3):173–182.
- Patroncini M, Hannig S, Meichtry A, et al. Reliability of movement control tests on the cervical spine. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:402.
- Segarra V, Duenas L, Torres R, et al. Inter-and intra-tester reliability of a battery of cervical movement control dysfunction tests. Man Ther. 2015;20(4):570–579.
- Sahrmann S, Azevedo DC, Dillen LV. Diagnosis and treatment of movement system impairment syndromes. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(6):391–399.
- Adamovich SV, Archambault PS, Ghafouri M, et al. Hand trajectory invariance in reaching movements involving the trunk. Exp Brain Res. 2001;138(3):288–303.
- Kapandji I. The physiologoy of the joints: the trunk and the vertebral column. Volume 3. London (UK): Churchill Livingstone; 1974.
- Huskisson EC. Measurement of pain. Lancet. 1974;304(7889):1127–1131.
- Kori S, Miller R, Todd D. Kinesiophobia: a new view of chronic pain behaviour. Pain Management. 1990;3:35–43.
- Fitts PM. The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. J Exp Psychol. 1954;47(6):381–391.
- Connor R. Sample size for testing differences in proportions for the paired-sample design. Biometrics. 1987;209(1):207–211.
- Falla D, Farina D. Neural and muscular factors associated with motor impairment in neck pain. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007;9(6):497–502.
- Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Translations of the humerus in persons with shoulder impingement symptoms. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002;32(6):248–259.
- Wilk KE, Meister K, Andrews JR. Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the overhead throwing athlete. Am J Sports Med. 2002;30(1):136–151.
- Luomajoki H, Kool J, de Bruin ED, et al. Movement control tests of the low back; evaluation of the difference between patients with low back pain and healthy controls. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008;9(1):170.
- Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther. 2000;80(3):276–291.
- Ludewig PM, Lawrence RL, Braman JP. What’s in a name? Using movement system diagnoses versus pathoanatomic diagnoses. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013;43(5):280–283.
- Falla D, Bilenkij G, Jull G. Patients with chronic neck pain demonstrate altered patterns of muscle activation during performance of a functional upper limb task. Spine. 2004;29(13):1436–1440.
- Falla D, Farina D. Neuromuscular adaptation in experimental and clinical neck pain. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008;18(2):255–261.
- Falla DL, Jull GA, Hodges PW. Patients with neck pain demonstrate reduced electromyographic activity of the deep cervical flexor muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion test. Spine. 2004;29(19):2108–2114.
- Jull G, Falla D. Does increased superficial neck flexor activity in the craniocervical flexion test reflect reduced deep flexor activity in people with neck pain? Man Ther. 2016;25:43–47.
- Brown CA. The role of paradoxical beliefs in chronic pain: a complex adaptive systems perspective. Scand J Caring Sci. 2007;21(2):207–213.