References
- 2010 Census of Population and Housing. Vol. 11: National Descriptive Tables. 2012 . Lusaka: Central Statistical Office. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/report/Census/2010/National/Zambia%20National%20Descriptive%20Population%20Tables.pdf.
- Akanji, Olajide, and Marc Epprecht. 2013. “Human Rights Challenge in Africa: Sexual Minority Rights and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights.” In Sexual Diversity in Africa: Politics, Theory, Citizenship, edited by S. N. Nyeck and Marc Epprecht, 19–36. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
- Amnesty International. 2014. “Zambia: End State-Sponsored Persecution as Same-Sex Trial Reaches Verdict.” February 21. Accessed August 18, 2014. http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/zambia-end-state-sponsored-persecution-same-sex-trial-reaches-verdict-2014-02-21.
- Awondo, Patrick, Peter Geschiere, and Graeme Reid. 2012. “Homophobic Africa? Toward A More Nuanced View.” African Studies Review 55 (3): 145–168. doi:10.1017/S0002020600007241.
- Ban Ki-moon. 2012. “Remarks to the National Assembly of the Republic of Zambia.” United Nations. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.un.org/sg/statements/index.asp?nid=5881.
- Ban Ki-moon. 2013. “Struggle for LGBT Right One of the Great, Neglected Human Rights Challenges of Our Time.” Video message at the International Conference on Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Oslo, April 15–16. Accessed August 17, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uaHZWCgGss.
- Banchoff, Thomas, and Robert Wuthnow, eds. 2011. Religion and the Global Politics of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- BBC. 2013. “Zambia Gay Rights Activist Paul Kasonkomona Arrested.” April 8. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22069904.
- Bhabha, Homi K. 2010. The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.
- Bompani, Barbara, and S. Terreni Brown. 2015. “A ‘Religious Revolution’? Print Media, Sexuality, and Religious Discourse in Uganda.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 9 (1): 110–126. doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2014.987507 doi: 10.1080/17531055.2014.987507
- Bosia, Michael J., and Meredith L. Weis. 2013. “Political Homophobia in Comparative Perspective.” In Global Homophobia: States, Movements, and the Politics of Oppression, edited by Meredith L. Weiss and Michael J. Bosia, 1–29. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
- Boyd, Lydia. 2013. “The Problem with Freedom: Homosexuality and Human Rights in Uganda.” Anthropological Quarterly 86 (3): 697–724. doi:10.1353/anq.2013.0034.
- Burgess, Richard. 2015. “Pentecostals and Politics in Nigeria and Zambia: An Historical Perspective.” In Pentecostalism in Africa: Presence and Impact of Pneumatic Christianity in Postcolonial Societies, edited by Martin Lindhardt, 291–321. Leiden: Brill.
- Carlucci, Paul. 2014. “Zambia: How Much Can a New Constitution Really Change?” ThinkAfricaPress, February 21. Accessed August 15, 2014. http://thinkafricapress.com/zambia/how-much-can-new-constitution-really-change.
- Chanda, Ernest. 2010. “NCC to Adopt Clause That Forbids Same Sex Marriage.” February 18. Accessed September 20, 2014. http://maravi.blogspot.co.uk/2010/02/ncc-to-adopt-clause-that-forbids-same.html.
- Cheney, Kristen. 2012. “Locating Neocolonialism, ‘Tradition,’ and Human Rights in Uganda's ‘Gay Death Penalty.’” African Studies Review 55 (2): 77–95. doi:10.1353/arw.2012.0031.
- Cheyeka, Austin. 2008. “Towards a History of the Charismatic Churches in Post-Colonial Zambia.” In One Zambia, Many Histories. Towards a History of Post-Colonial Zambia, edited by Jan-Bart Gewald, Marja Hinfelaar, and Giacomo Macola, 144–163. Leiden: Brill.
- Cheyeka, Austin, Marja Hinfelaar, and Bernhard Udelhoven. 2014. “The Changing Face of Zambia's Christianity and Its Implications for the Public Sphere: A Case Study of Bauleni Township, Lusaka.” Journal of Southern African Studies 40 (5): 1031–1045. doi:10.1080/03057070.2014.946228.
- Comaroff, John L., and Jean Comaroff. 2006. “Law and Disorder in the Postcolony: An Introduction.” In Law and Disorder in the Postcolony, edited by Jean Comoaroff and John L. Comaroff, 1–56. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Couvara, Jean. 2013. “Criminological Evaluation of Gay Rights Under the Zambian Criminal Justice System: A Comparative Human Rights View.” MA diss., University of Zambia. http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/3235.
- Ellis, Stephen, and Gerrie ter Haar. 2007. “Religion and Politics: Taking African Epistemologies Seriously.” Journal of Modern African Studies 45 (3): 385–401. doi:10.1017/S0022278X07002674.
- Engelke, Matthew. 1999. “We Wondered What Human Rights He Was Talking About’: Human Rights, Homosexuality and the Zimbabwe International Book Fair.” Critique of Anthropology 19 (3): 289–314. doi:10.1177/0308275X9901900305.
- Englund, Harri. 2013. “Zambia at 50: The Rediscovery of Liberalism.” Africa: The Journal of the International African Institute 83 (4): 670–689. doi:10.1017/S0001972013000508.
- Epprecht, Marc. 2006. “LEGATRA.” In Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture, edited by David A. Gerstner, 683. Oxon: Routledge.
- Epprecht, Marc. 2013. Sexuality and Social Justice in Africa: Rethinking Homophobia and Forging Resistance. London: Zed Books.
- Epprecht, Marc. 2012. “Sexual Minorities, Human Rights and Public Health Strategies in Africa.” African Affairs 111 (443): 223–243. doi:10.1093/afraf/ads019.
- EFZ (Evangelical Fellowship of Zambia). 2013. “Letter to the Head of the Delegation of the European Union, Lusaka, Re: Call for Proposals in Support of Homosexuality.” Accessed February 5, 2015. http://www.efzsecretariat.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=108%3Acall-for-proposals-in-support-of-homosexuality&catid=14%3Arecent&Itemid=61&limitstart=1.
- First Draft Constitution of the Republic of Zambia. 2012. “Lusaka: Technical Committee on Drafting the Zambian Constitution.” Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.parliament.gov.zm/dmdocuments/First%20Draft%20Constitution.pdf.
- Friends of Rainka. 2013. “LGBTI Community Under Attack.” 76Crimes. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://76crimes.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/zambia-lgbti-activists-under-attack.doc.
- Gifford, Paul. 1998. African Christianity: Its Public Role. London: Hurst.
- Gordon, David M. 2012. Invisible Agents: Spirits in a Central African History. Ohio: Ohio University Press.
- Gordon, David M., Bizeck Jube Phiri, Giacomo Macola, and James Ferguson. 2014. “Debating ‘The Rediscovery of Liberalism’ in Zambia: Responses to Harri Englund.” Africa 84 (4): 658–667. doi:10.1017/S0001972014000527.
- HeloZambia. 2012. “Ban Ki-moon Reveals Real Reasons He is in Zambia; Tells Zambia to Respect Homosexuals.” February 25. Accessed April 25, 2012; no longer available. http://www.helozambia.com/?p=204.
- Hinfelaar, Marja. 2011. “Debating the Secular in Zambia: The Response of the Catholic Church to Scientific Socialism and Christian Nation, 1976–2006.” In Christianity and Public Culture in Africa, edited by Harri Englund, 50–66. Athens: Ohio University Press.
- Hoad, Neville W. 2007. African Intimacies: Race, Homosexuality, and Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- HRC (Human Rights Commission of Zambia). 2012. “Submission to the Technical Committee on Drafting the Zambian Constitution.” Accessed August 19, 2014. http://www.hrc.org.zm/media/hrc_submission_to_technical_committee_on_drafting_zambian_constitution.pdf.
- Hurteau, Pierre. 2013. Male Homosexualities and World Religions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Johnson, Paul. 2013. “Homosexuality and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: What Can Be Learned from the History of the European Convention on Human Rights?” Journal of Law and Society 40 (2): 249–279. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6478.2013.00622.x.
- Kasankha, Samuel. 2012. “Human Rights Commission on Gay Rights.” Human Rights Commission of Zambia. July 14. Accessed August 19, 2014. http://www.hrc.org.zm/news/human_rights_commission_on_gay_100075.php.
- Kollman, Kelly, and Matthew Waites. 2009. “The Global Politics of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Human Rights: An Introduction.” Contemporary Politics 15 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1080/13569770802674188.
- Koppelman, Andrew, and Tobias Barrington Wolff. 2009. A Right to Discriminate? How the Case of Boy Scouts of America v. James Dale Warped the Law of Free Association. New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Larmer, Miles, Marja Hinfelaar, Bizeck J. Phiri, Lyn Schumaker and Morris Szeftel. 2014. “Introduction: Narratives of Nationhood.” Journal of Southern African Studies 40 (5): 895–905. doi:10.1080/03057070.2014.946682.
- Long, Scott, A. Widney Brown, and Gail Cooper. 2003. More Than a Name: State-Sponsored Homophobia and Its Consequences in Southern Africa. New York: Human Rights Watch. http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/safriglhrc0303.pdf.
- Lusaka Times. 2012a. “The Laws of the Land Are Very Clear, Homosexuality Is Not Allowed in Zambia-Government.” March 1. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.lusakatimes.com/2012/03/01/laws-land-clear-homosexuality-allowed-zambiagovernment/.
- Lusaka Times. 2012b. “Ban Ki Moon Calls for Respect for Homosexuals and Lesbians.” February 25. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.lusakatimes.com/2012/02/25/ban-kimoon-calls-respect-homosexuals-lesbians/.
- Lusaka Times. 2012c. “Pixie Yangailo Was Misquoted on Gay Rights–HRC spokesperson.” March 4. Accessed August 19, 2014. http://www.lusakatimes.com/2012/03/04/pixie-yangailo-misquoted-gay-rightshrc-spokesperson/.
- Malakata, Michael. 2012. “UN Secretary General's Visit Leaves Zambians with Sour Taste.” The London Evening Post, February 28. Accessed August 17, 2014. http://www.thelondoneveningpost.com/unj-secretary-generals-visit-leaves-zambian-with-sour-taste-in-mouth/.
- Marshall, Ruth. 2009. Political Spiritualties: The Pentecostal Revolution in Nigeria. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- McLeod, John. 2000. Beginning Postcolonialism. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Meyer, Birgit. 2004. “Christianity in Africa: From African Independent to Pentecostal-Charismatic Churches.” Annual Review of Anthropology 33: 447–474. doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143835
- Mutua, Makau. 2002. Human Rights: A Political and Cultural Critique. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Mutua, Makau. 2011. “Sexual Orientation and Human Rights: Putting Homophobia on Trial.” In African Sexualities: A Reader, edited by Sylvia Tamale, 452–462. Cape Town: Pambazuka Press.
- Namaiko, Chila. 2013. “No Room for Gays in Zambia – Kabimba.” Times of Zambia, April 22. Accessed December 6, 2013. http://www.times.co.zm/?p=6574.
- Ndjio, Basile. 2013. “Sexuality and Nationalist Ideologies in Post-Colonial Cameroon.” In The Sexual History of the Global South: Sexual Politics in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, edited by Saskia Wieringa and Horacio Sivori, 120–143. London: Zed Books.
- Ndulo, Muna B., and Robert B. Kent. 1996. “Constitutionalism in Zambia: Past, Present and Future.” Journal of African Law 40 (2): 256–278. doi:10.1017/S0021855300007816.
- Obadare, Ebenezer. 2015. “Sex, Citizenship and the State in Nigeria: Islam, Christianity and Emergent Struggles over Intimacy.” Review of African Political Economy. doi:10.1080/03056244.2014.988699.
- Robinson, Eric, and Grace Seo. 2013. “Constrained Agency: Civil Society's Search for Political Space in the Saga of Zambian Constitution Making.” 3. Occasional Papers Series. Lusaka.
- Sadgrove, Joanna, Robert M. Vanderbeck, Johan Andersson, Gill Valentine, and Kevin Ward. 2012. “Morality Plays and Money Matters: Towards a Situated Understanding of the Politics of Homosexuality in Uganda.” Journal of Modern African Studies 50 (1): 103–129. doi:10.1017/S0022278X11000620.
- Simpson, Anthony, and Virginia Bond. 2014. “Narratives of Nationhood and HIV/AIDS: Reflections on Multidisciplinary Research on the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Zambia over the Last 30 Years.” Journal of Southern African Studies 40 (5): 1065–1089. doi: 10.1080/03057070.2014.946222
- Syampeyo, Yande. 2012. “HRC for Gay Rights.” Zambia Daily Mail, February 27, p. 2.
- TCDZC (Technical Committee on Drafting the Zambian Constitution). 2013. “Resolutions of the Sector Groups Convention Held from 3rd–5th April, 2013.” Accessed August 18, 2014. http://zambianconstitution.org/downloads/SECTOR%20GROUPS%20RESOLUTIONS.pdf.
- ter Haar, Gerrie. 2009. How God Became African: African Spirituality and Western Secular Thought. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Tumfweko. 2012. “MAIKO Zulu Speaks Out: ‘Gayism Is A NUISANCE. I Will Exercise My RIGHT TO DISCRIMINATE Gays’.” Tumfweko: Zambian News and Entertainment, February 27. Accessed August 15, 2014. http://tumfweko.com/2012/02/27/maiko-zulu-speaks-out-gayism-is-a-nuisance-i-will-exercise-my-right-to-discriminate-gays/.
- Tumfweko. 2013a. “Dette Resources Foundation Welcomes Gay Marriage Rights in Zambia.” March 27. Accessed November 8, 2013. http://tumfweko.com/2013/03/27/dette-resources-foundation-welcomes-gay-marriage-rights/.
- Tumfweko. 2013b. “Dette Supports Homosexuals.” April 29. Accessed August 30, 2013. http://tumfweko.com/2013/04/29/dette-support-homosexuals/.
- Udoh, Nse. 2013. “Christian Clause Pass Constitution Test, Again.” Zambia Reports, April 14. Accessed August 18, 2014. http://zambiareports.com/2013/04/14/christian-clause-pass-constitution-test-again/.
- UKZambians. 2011. “Gay Rights: Leader Explains His Position on Homosexuality.” March 17. Accessed August 18, 2014. http://ukzambians.co.uk/home/2011/03/17/gay-rights-leader-explains-position-homosexuality/.
- van Klinken, Adriaan. 2013. “Gay Rights, the Devil and the End Times: Public Religion and the Enchantment of the Homosexuality Debate in Zambia.” Religion 43 (4): 519–540. doi:10.1080/0048721X.2013.765631.
- van Klinken, Adriaan. 2014. “Homosexuality, Politics and Pentecostal Nationalism in Zambia.” Studies in World Christianity 20 (3): 259–281. doi: 10.3366/swc.2014.0095
- van Klinken, Adriaan, and Ezra Chitando, eds. Forthcoming. Public Religion and Politics of Homosexuality in Africa. Farnham: Ashgate.
- Villarosa, Linda. 2012. “Lundu Mazoka Details His Suffering as a Homosexual.” Zambian Watchdog. July 24. Accessed August 19, 2014. https://www.zambianwatchdog.com/lundu-mazoka-talks-about-his-being-homosexual/.
- Waites, Matthew. 2009. “Critique of ‘Sexual Orientation’ and ‘Gender Identity’ in Human Rights Discourse: Global Queer Politics beyond the Yogyakarta Principles.” Contemporary Politics 15 (1): 137–56. doi:10.1080/13569770802709604.
- Wiegratz, Jörg. 2014. “Rejecting the West on policy: Uganda, neoliberalism and the Anti-Homosexuality Bill.” African Arguments, April 30. Accessed February 1, 2015. http://africanarguments.org/2014/04/30/rejecting-the-west-on-policy-uganda-neoliberalism-and-the-anti-homosexuality-bill-by-jorg-wiegratz/.
- Yong, Amos. 2010. In the Days of Caesar: Pentecostalism and Political Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
- Zambian Watchdog. 2011. “Why Should I Legalise Homosex, Asks Sata.” April 4. Accessed August 18, 2014. https://www.zambianwatchdog.com/why-should-i-legalise-homosex-asks-sata/.
- Zambian Watchdog. 2012a. “HH Says PF, Constitution Committee Trying to Include Gay Rights in the Draft.” March 1. Accessed August 17, 2014. https://www.zambianwatchdog.com/hh-says-constitution-committee-trying-to-include-gay-rights-in-the-draft/.
- Zambian Watchdog. 2012b. “SDA Says Call by Ban Ki-moon to Respect Gays a Sign that End is Near.” February 26. Accessed August 19, 2014. https://www.zambianwatchdog.com/sda-says-call-by-ban-ki-moon-to-respect-gays-a-sign-that-end-is-near/.
- Zambian Watchdog. 2012c. “HH Demands Sata and PF Position on Gay Rights.” February 28. Accessed August 18, 2014. https://www.zambianwatchdog.com/hh-demands-sata-and-pf-position-on-gay-rights/.
- Zambian Watchdog. 2013. “Edgar Lungu Tells Off EU over Gay Rights Advert in Zambia.” March 25. Accessed March 6, 2015. http://www.zambianwatchdog.com/edgar-lungu-tells-off-eu-over-gay-rights/.