Biocompatibility of Urinary Catheters — Present Status

REFERENCES

• Abdel-Hakim A, Bernstein J, Teijeira J, Elhilali MM. Urethral stricture after cardiovascular surgery, a retrospective and a prospective study. J Urol 1983; 130: 1100–1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdel-Hakim A, Hassouna M, Teijeira J, Elhilali R. Role of urethral ischemia in the development of urethral strictures after cardiovascular surgery: A preliminary report. J Urol 1984; 131: 1077–1079.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Australian Standard 2696. The Standards Association of Australia, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Blandy JP. Urethral stricture. Postgrad Med J 1980; 56: 383–418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• British Standard 1695. Parts 1 and 2. British Standards Institution 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Dinneen MD, Wetter LA, May ARL. Urethral strictures and aortic surgery. Suprapubic rather than urethral catheters. Eur J Vasc Surg 1990; 4: 535–538.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edwards LE, Lock R, Powell C, Jones P. Post-catheterisation urethral strictures. A clinical and experimental study. Br J Urol 1983; 55: 53–56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Elhilali MM, Hassouna M, Abdel-Hakim A, Teijeira J. Urethral stricture following cardiovascular surgery: Role of urethral ischemia. J Urol 1986; 135: 275–277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Engel G. Adverse events with catheters and toxicity testing. Med J Austr 1983; 1: 444–445.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garred P, Olsen J, Mollnes TE, Bilde T, Glahn BE. Biocompatibility of urinary catheters. Effect on complement activation. Br J Urol 1989; 63: 367–371.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Glahn BE. Influence of drainage conditions on mucosal bladder damage by indwelling catheters. I. Pressure study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1988; 22: 87–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glahn BE, Braendstrup O, Olesen HP. Influence of drainage conditions on mucosal bladder damage by indwelling catheters. II. Histological study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1988; 22: 93–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham DT, Mark GE, Pomeroy AR. Cellular toxicity of urinary catheters. Med J Austr 1983; 1: 456–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham DT, Mark GE, Pomeroy AR, Macarthur EB. In vivo validation of a cell culture test for biocompatibility testing of urinary catheters. J Biomed Mat Res 1984; 18: 1125–1135.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heenan MP, Nacey JN, Delahunt B, Ferguson AF, Dickson SJ. Volatile nitrosamines in urinary catheters. Br J Urol 1989; 63: 72–75.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kass EH, Schneiderman LJ. Entry of bacteria into the urinary tract of patients with inlying catheters. N Engl J Med 1957; 256: 556–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korhonen P, Talja M, Ruutu M, Andersson LC, Alfthan O. Comparison of two different cell culture methods in evaluation of biocompatibility of latex urinary catheters. Urol Res in press.
   Google Scholar
• Liedberg H, Lundeberg T. Assessment of silver coated urinary catheter toxicity by cell culture. Urol Res in press.
   Google Scholar
• Liedberg H, Lundeberg T. Silver coating of urinary catheters prevents adherence and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Urol Res in press.
   Google Scholar
• Nacey JN, Horsfall DJ, Delahunt B, Harshall VR. The assessment of urinary catheter toxicity using cell cultures: Validation by comparison with an animal model. J Urol 1986; 136: 706–709.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nichel SC, Grant SK, Costerton JW. Catheter-associated bacteriuria. Urology 1985; 26: 369–373.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nutter AF. Contact urticaria to rubber. Br J Dermatol 1979; 101: 597–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruutu M, Alfthan O, Heikkinen L, Järvinen A, Lehtonen T, Merikallio E, Standertskjöld-Nordenstam C-G. Epidemic of acute urethral stricture after open-heart surgery. Lancet 1982; 23: 218.
   Google Scholar
• Ruutu M, Alfthan O, Talja M, Andersson LC. Cytotoxicity of latex urinary catheters. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 82–87.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh M, Blandy JP. The pathology of urethral stricture. Br J Urol 1976; 115: 673–676.
   Google Scholar
• Smith JM, Neligan M. Urethral strictures after open—heart surgery. Lancet 1982; 1: 392.
   Google Scholar
• Sutherland PD, Maddern JP, Jose JS, Marshall VR. Catheters and postoperative urethral stricture. Lancet 1982; 1: 623.
   Google Scholar
• yme RRA. Epidemic of acute urethral stricture after prostate surgery. Lancet 1982; 2: 925.
   Google Scholar
• Talja M. Rat peritoneal implantation test. A new method for tissue toxicity testing of urinary catheters. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 329–333.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talja M, Andersson LC, Ruutu M, Alfthan O. Toxicity testing of urinary catheters. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 579–584.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talja M, Korpela A, Järvi K. Comparison of urethral reaction to full silicone, hydrogel-coated and siliconized latex catheters. Br J Urol 1990; 66: 652–657.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talja M, Lehtola A, Salmenperä M, Ruutu M, Karonen S-L, Alfthan O. Urethral blood circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Urol in press.
   Google Scholar
• Talja M, Ruutu M, Andersson LC, Alfthan O. Urinary catheter structure and testing methods in relation to tissue toxicity. Br J Urol 1986; 58: 443–449.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talja M, Saarela K, Ruutu M, Anderssson LC, Alfthan O. Zinc compounds in urethral catheters — a possible source of toxicity. Submitted.
   Google Scholar
• Talja M, Schröder T, Lehtola A, Nuutinen P, Ruutu M, Alfthan O. Blood circulation in the urethra during hypovolemia — an experimental study. Urol Res 1986; 14: 267–270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talja M, Virtanen J, Andersson LC. Toxic catheters and diminished urethral blood circulation in the introduction of urethral strictures. Eur Urol 1986; 12: 340–345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turjanmaa K. Incidence of immediate allergy to latex gloves in hospital personnel. Contact Dermatitis 1987; 17: 270–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turjanmaa K, Reunala T, Tuimala R, Kärkkäinen T. Allergy to latex gloves: unusual complication during delivery. Br Med J 1988; 297: 1029.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• United States Pharmacopeia, 20th ed. United States Pharmacopeial Contention, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Walsh A. Urethral strictures after open-heart surgery. Lancet 1982; 1: 392.
   Google Scholar
• Wesley-James O. Catheters and postoperative urethral stricture. Lancet 1982; 1: 622.
   Google Scholar