Local food system resilience in the context of shocks and crises: vulnerabilities and responses of agroecology-based farmers in Peru, Germany, and the United States

References

• Adger, W. N. 2000. Social and ecological resilience: Are they related? Progress in Human Geography 24 (3):347–64. doi:10.1191/030913200701540465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altieri, M., and C. Nicholls. 2020. Agroecology and the reconstruction of a post-COVID-19 agriculture. The Journal of Peasant Studies 47 (5):881–98. doi:10.1080/03066150.2020.1782891.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, C. A., J. Bruil, M. J. Chappell, S. Kiss, and M. P. Pimbert. 2019. From transition to domains of transformation: Getting to sustainable and just food systems through Agroecology. Sustainability 11 (19):5272. doi:10.3390/su11195272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Béné, C. 2020. Resilience of local food systems and links to food security–A review of some important concepts in the context of COVID-19 and other shocks. Food Security 12 (4):805–22. doi:10.1007/s12571-020-01076-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Béné, C., T. Frankenberger, T. Griffin, M. Langworthy, M. Mueller, and S. Martin. 2019. “Perception matters”: New insights into the subjective dimension of resilience in the context of humanitarian and food security interventions. Progress in Development Studies 19 (3):186–210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Béné, C., P. Oosterveer, L. Lamotte, I. D. Brouwer, S. de Haan, S. D. Prager, and C. K. Khoury, C. K. Khoury. 2019. When food systems meet sustainability–current narratives and implications for actions. World Development 113:116–30. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blay-Palmer, A., R. Carey, E. Valette, and M. Sanderson. 2020. Post COVID-19 and food pathways to sustainable transformation. Agriculture and Human Values 37 (3):517–19. doi:10.1007/s10460-020-10051-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bochtis, D., L. Benos, M. Lampridi, V. Marinoudi, S. Pearson, and C. G. Sørensen. 2020. Agricultural workforce crisis in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability 12 (19):8212. doi:10.3390/su12198212.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauvin, L. 2021. Peruvian COVID-19 vaccine scandal spreads. The Lancet 397 (10276):783. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00508-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chavez-Tafur, J., K. Hampson, and R. Thijssen. 2006. Learning from experience: A manual for organising, analysing and documenting field based information, 48. Amersfoort, The Netherlands: LEIA, Centre for Information on Low External Input and Sustainable Agriculture. https://www.ileia.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Documentation-Manual.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Cinner, J. E., and M. L. Barnes. 2019. Social dimensions of resilience in social-ecological systems. One Earth 1 (1):51–56. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2019.08.003.
   Google Scholar
• Constas, M., T. R. Frankenberger, J. Hoddinott, N. Mock, D. Romano, C. Béné, and D. Maxwell. 2014. A common analytical model for resilience measurement—causal framework and methodological options. Resilience Measurement Technical Working Group, FSiN Technical Series Paper No. 2, World Food Program and Food and Agriculture Organization, 52 p.
   Google Scholar
• Darnhofer, I. 2010. Strategies of family farms to strengthen their resilience. Environmental Policy and Governance 20 (4):212–22. doi:10.1002/eet.547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, M., C. Béné, A. Arnall, T. Tanner, A. Newsham, and C. Coirolo. 2013. Promoting resilient livelihoods through adaptive social protection: Lessons from 124 programmes in South Asia. Development Policy Review 31 (1):27–58. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7679.2013.00600.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downing, J., M. Field, M. Ripley, and J. Sebstad. 2018. Market systems resilience: A framework for measurement. (USAID Bureau of Food Security): 7–8.
   Google Scholar
• Eufemia, L., M. Bonatti, G. Chavez-Miguel, and S. Sieber. 2022. America Latina oltre la crisi. In OFFICINA* 36, Treviso (Italia), ed. E. Antoniol, C. Piano, 10–17. https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/oltre-le-crisi-dove-va-lamerica-latina-opportunita-ripartire-gli-accordi-commerciali-con-i-paesi-dellamerica-del-sud-e-il-messico-29239.
   Google Scholar
• Fan, S., E. E. Cho, T. Meng, and C. Rue. 2021. How to prevent and cope with coincidence of risks to the global food system. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 46 (1):601–23. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-020844.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 2021. Resilient food systems – a proposed analytical strategy for empirical applications. Working paper, The State of Food and Agriculture 2021. Making agrifood systems more resilient to shocks and stresses. doi:10.4060/cb7508en
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez, M., V. E. Mendez, T. Mares, and R. Schattman. 2016. Agroecology, Food Sovereignty, and Urban Agriculture in the United States, 161–75. Agroecology.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, B. G., and A. L. Strauss. 2017. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Piscataway, New Jersey, United States: Routledge. 0-202-30260-1.
   Google Scholar
• Gliessman, S. 2022. Why is there a food crisis? Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 46 (9):1301–03. doi:10.1080/21683565.2022.2115187.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González De Molina, M., and D. Lopez-Garcia. 2021. Principles for designing Agroecology-based local (territorial) agri-food systems: A critical revision. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 45 (7):1050–82. doi:10.1080/21683565.2021.1913690.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman, D., B. Sorj, and J. Wilkinson. 1987. From farming to biotechnology. A Theory of Agro-Industrial Development 214.
   Google Scholar
• HLPE (High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition). 2020. Food security and nutrition: Building a global narrative towards 2030. Report #15, High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE), Committee on World Food Security. http://www.fao.org/3/ca9731en/ca9731en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Holling, C. S. 1973. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4 (1):1–23. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245.
   Google Scholar
• Holt Giménez, E., and A. Shattuck. 2011. Food crises, food regimes and food movements: Rumblings of reform or tides of transformation? The Journal of Peasant Studies 38 (1):109–44. doi:10.1080/03066150.2010.538578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt-Giménez, E., A. Shattuck, and I. Van Lammeren. 2021. Thresholds of resistance: Agroecology, resilience and the agrarian question. The Journal of Peasant Studies 48 (4):715–33. doi:10.1080/03066150.2020.1847090.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPES-Food (International panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems). 2022. Another perfect storm? How the failure to reform food systems has allowed the war in Ukraine to spark a third global food price crisis in. 15.
   Google Scholar
• Iza, C. L. B., D. Dentoni, M. Mordini, P. Isubikalu, J. B. A. Oduol, and O. Omta. 2019. The role of farmers’ entrepreneurial orientation on agricultural innovations in Ugandan multi-stakeholder platform. In The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers, S. Todd, Rosenstock, World Agroforestry Centre ICRAF, eds. 201–13. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Kangogo, D., D. Dentoni, and J. Bijman. 2020. Determinants of farm resilience to climate change: The role of farmer entrepreneurship and value chain collaborations. Sustainability 12 (3):868. doi:10.3390/su12030868.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Löhr, K., P. Mugabe, A. P. Dias Turetta, J. Steinke, C. Lozano, M. Bonatti, and S. Sieber, L. H. Ito, A. Konzack, S. Kroll, C. P. Mgeni. 2022. Assessing impacts of COVID-19 and their responses among smallholder farmers in Brazil, Madagascar and Tanzania. Outlook on agriculture 51 (4):460–69. doi:10.1177/00307270221127717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-García, D., and M. González de Molina. 2021. An operational approach to Agroecology-based local agri-food systems. Sustainability 13 (15):8443. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/15/8443/htm.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malone, A., Y. D. C. Cabana, and A. T. Zegarra. 2021. Informal food systems and differential mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic in Arequipa, Peru. Town Planning Review 92 (2):187–93. doi:10.3828/tpr.2020.61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathijs, E., and E. Wauters. 2020. Making farming systems truly resilient. EuroChoices 19 (2):72–76. doi:10.1111/1746-692X.12287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, E. 2018. The articulated peasant: Household economies in the Andes. New york, NY, USA: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Meuwissen, M. P., P. H. Feindt, T. Slijper, A. Spiegel, R. Finger, Y. de Mey, and P. Reidsma, K. J. A. M. Termeer, P. M. Poortvliet, M. Peneva. 2021. Impact of Covid-19 on farming systems in Europe through the lens of resilience thinking. Agricultural Systems 191:103152. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, M. A. 2020. The role of resilience in food system studies in low-and middle-income countries. Global Food Security 24:100356. doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100356.
   Google Scholar
• Musante, K. 2015. Participant observation. Handbook of Methods in Cultural Anthropology Chapter 8: 251–92.
   Google Scholar
• Pingali, P., L. Alinovi, and J. Sutton. 2005. Food security in complex emergencies: Enhancing food system resilience. Disaster 29 (s1):S5–25. doi:10.1111/j.0361-3666.2005.00282.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Puma, M. J. 2019. Resilience of the global food system. Nature Sustainability 2 (4):260–61. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0274-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, D. 2014. The moral foundation of economic behavior. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Reprint edition.
   Google Scholar
• Tittonell, P., M. Fernandez, V. E. El Mujtar, P. V. Preiss, S. Sarapura, L. Laborda, and I. M. Cardoso, V. E. Alvarez, G. B. Fernandes, P. Petersen. 2021. Emerging responses to the COVID-19 crisis from family farming and the agroecology movement in Latin America–A rediscovery of food, farmers and collective action. Agricultural Systems 190:103098. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tukamuhabwa, B. J., M. Stevenson, J. Busby, and M. Zorzini. 2015. Supply chain resilience: Definition, review and theoretical foundations for further study. International Journal of Production Research 53 (18):5592–623. doi:10.1080/00207543.2015.1037934.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandermeer, J., A. Aga, J. Allgeier, C. Badgley, R. Baucom, J. Blesh, L. F. Shapiro, A. D. Jones, L. Hoey, M. Jain, et al. 2018. Feeding prometheus: An interdisciplinary approach for solving the global food crisis. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2:682. doi:10.3389/fsufs.2018.00039.
   Google Scholar
• Vargas, R., C. Fonseca, G. Hareau, M. Ordinola, W. Pradel, V. Robiglio, and V. Suarez. 2021. Health crisis and quarantine measures in Peru: Effects on livelihoods of coffee and potato farmers. Agricultural Systems 187:103033. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, B., C. S. Holling, S. R. Carpenter, and A. Kinzig. 2004. Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 9 (2):4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26267673.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West, S., J. Haider, H. Sinare, and T. D. Karpouzoglou 2014. Beyond divides: Prospects for Synergy between resilience and pathways approaches to sustainability. Working Paper, STEPS Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Zurek, M., J. Ingram, A. S. Bellamy, C. Goold, C. Lyon, P. Alexander, and P. J. Withers, D. P. Bebber, T. D. Breeze, A. Bruce. 2022. Food system resilience: Concepts, issues, and challenges. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 47 (1):511–34. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-112320-050744.
   Google Scholar