Cell culture models of oral mucosal barriers: A review with a focus on applications, culture conditions and barrier properties

References

• Ganz T. Epithelia: not just physical barriers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(6):3357–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.072073199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richter JF, et al. A novel method for imaging sites of paracellular passage of macromolecules in epithelial sheets. J Control Release. 2016;229:70–9. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.03.018.
   Google Scholar
• Presland RB, Jurevic RJ. Making sense of the epithelial barrier: what molecular biology and genetics tell us about the functions of oral mucosal and epidermal tissues. J Dent Educ. 2002;66(4):564–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li Q, et al. Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha disrupt epithelial barrier function by altering lipid composition in membrane microdomains of tight junction. Clin Immunol. 2008;126(1):67–80. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2007.08.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye D, Ma I, Ma TY. Molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulation of intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006;290(3):G496–504. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00318.2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma TY, et al. TNF-alpha-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability requires NF-kappa B activation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004;286(3):G367–76. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00173.2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abe A, et al. Interferon-gamma increased epithelial barrier function via upregulating claudin-7 expression in human submandibular gland duct epithelium. J Mol Histol. 2016;47(3):353–63. doi:10.1007/s10735-016-9667-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mei M, et al. Claudin-3 is required for modulation of paracellular permeability by TNF-α through ERK1/2/slug signaling axis in submandibular gland. Cell Signal. 2015;27:10. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.07.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker OJ, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma alter tight junction structure and function in the rat parotid gland Par-C10 cell line. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008;295(5):C1191–201. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00144.2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banks WA. From blood-brain barrier to blood-brain interface: new opportunities for CNS drug delivery. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016;15(4):275–92. doi:10.1038/nrd.2015.21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wigley C. Chapter 33, Oral Cavity. [book auth.] Standring S Berkovitz BKB. Gray’s Anatomy. 2005:581–606. 39.
   Google Scholar
• Salamat-Miller N, Chittchang M, Johnston TP. The use of mucoadhesive polymers in buccal drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2005;57(11):1666–91. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2005.07.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy PC, Chaitanya KSC, Madhusudan Rao Y. A review on bioadhesive buccal drug delivery systems: current status of formulation and evaluation methods. Daru. 2011;19(6):385–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni UD, et al. Effect of Experimental Temperature on the Permeation of Model Diffusants Across Porcine Buccal Mucosa. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2011;12(2):579–86. doi:10.1208/s12249-011-9624-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Consortium, International Transporter, et al. Membrane transporters in drug development. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010;9(3):215–36. doi:10.1038/nrd3028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Lu J, Paxton JW. The role of ABC and SLC transporters in the pharmacokinetics of dietary and herbal phytochemicals and their interactions with xenobiotics. Curr Drug Metab. 2012;13(5):624–39. doi:10.2174/1389200211209050624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin L, et al. SLC transporters as therapeutic targets: emerging opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015;14(8):543–60. doi:10.1038/nrd4626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissey KM, et al. The UCSF-FDA TransPortal: a public drug transporter database. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012;92(5):545–6. doi:10.1038/clpt.2012.44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishimura M, Naito S. Tissue-specific mRNA expression profiles of human ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier transporter superfamilies. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005;20(6):452–77. doi:10.2133/dmpk.20.452.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DeGorter MK, et al. Drug transporters in drug efficacy and toxicity. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2012(52):249–73. doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134529.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nigam SK. What do drug transporters really do? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015;14(1):29–44. doi:10.1038/nrd4461.
   Google Scholar
• Nałęcz KA. Solute Carriers in the Blood-Brain Barier: Safety in Abundance. Neurochem Res. 2016; 42(3):795–809. doi:10.1007/s11064-016-2030-x.
   Google Scholar
• Mahringer A, Fricker G. ABC transporters at the blood-brain barrier. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 12(5):499–508. doi:10.1517/17425255.2016.1168804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeger MA, van Veen HW. Molecular basis of multidrug transport by ABC transporters. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009;1794(5):725–37. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarling EJ, de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Edwards PA. Role of ABC transporters in lipid transport and human disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013;24(7):342–50. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2013.01.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaminski WE, Piehler A, Wenzel JJ. ABC A-subfamily transporters: structure, function and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1762(5):510–24. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2006.01.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hediger MA, et al. The ABCs of membrane transporters in health and disease (SLC series): introduction. Mol Aspects Med. 2013; 34 (2–3): 95–107. doi:10.1016/j.mam.2012.12.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni PS, et al. Characterization of human buccal epithelial cells transfected with the simian virus 40 T-antigen gene. Carcinogenesis. 1995;16(10):2515–21. doi:10.1093/carcin/16.10.2515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsukita S, Furuse M, Itoh M. Multifunctional strands in tight junctions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(4):285–93. doi:10.1038/35067088.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zihni C, et al. Tight junctions: from simple barriers to multifunctional molecular gates. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2016;17(9):564–80. doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mineta K, Yamamoto Y, Yamazaki Y, Tanaka H, Tada Y, Saito K, Tamura A, Igarashi M, Endo T, Takeuchi K, Tsukita S. Predicted expansion of the claudin multigene family. FEBS Lett. 2011; 18;585( 4):606–12. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.01.028.
   Google Scholar
• Günzel D, Fromm M. Claudins and other tight junction proteins. Compr Physiol. 2012;2( 3): 1819–52. 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Canfield SG, Stebbins MJ, Morales BS, Asai SW, Vatine GD, Svendsen CN, Palecek SP, Shusta EV. An isogenic blood-brain barrier model comprising brain endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. J Neurochem. 2017;140(6):874–88. doi:10.1111/jnc.13923.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appelt-Menzel A, Cubukova A, Günther K, Edenhofer F, Piontek J, Krause G, Stüber T, Walles H, Neuhaus W, Metzger M. Establishment of a Human Blood-Brain Barrier Co-culture Model Mimicking the Neurovascular Unit Using Induced Pluri- and Multipotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2017;8(4):894–906. doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.02.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matoltsy AG, Parakkal PF. Membrane-coating granules of keratinizing epithelia. J Cell Biol. 1965;24:297–307. doi:10.1083/jcb.24.2.297.
   Google Scholar
• Hayward AF. Membrane-coating granules. Int Rev Cytol. 1979;95:97–127. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61661-7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. s.l.: New York: Garland Science; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Yasen A, Herrera R, Rosbe K, Lien K, Tugizov SM. HIV internalization into oral and genital epithelial cells by endocytosis and macropinocytosis leads to viral sequestration in the vesicles. Virology. 2018;515:92–107. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drago L, Mombelli B, De Vecchi E, Bonaccorso C, Fassina MC, Gismodo MR. Candida albicans cellular internalization: a new pathogenic factor? Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2000;6(4):545–7. doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00296-X.
   Google Scholar
• Solis NV, Swidergall M, Bruno VM, Gaffen SL, Filler SG. The Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor governs epithelial cell invasion during oropharyngeal candidiasis. MBio. 2017;8(2), pii: e00025–17. doi:10.1128/mBio.00025-17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michalczyk A, Varigos G, Smith L, Ackland ML. Fresh and cultured buccal cells as a source of mRNA and protein for molecular analysis. Biotechniques. 2004;37(2):262–4,266-9. 37(2);262-4, 266-9, 2004. doi:10.2144/04372RR03.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi H, Furuta N, Morisaki I, Amano A. Exit of intracellular Porphyromonas gingivalis from gingival epithelial cells is mediated by endocytic recycling pathway. Cell Microbiol. 2011;13(5):677–91. doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01564.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du W, Fan Y, Zheng N, He B, Yuan L, Zhang H, Wang X, Wang J, Zang X, Zhang Q. Transferrin receptor specific nanocarriers conjugated with functional 7peptide for oral delivery. Biomaterials. 2013;34(3):794–806. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanov AI, Nusrat A, Parkos CA. Endocytosis of the apical junctional complex: mechanisms and possible roles in regulation of epithelial barriers. Bioessays. 2005;27(4):356–65. doi:10.1002/bies.20203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Utech M, et al. Mechanism of IFN-gamma-induced endocytosis of tight junction proteins: myosin II-dependent vacuolarization of the apical plasma membrane. Mol Biol Cell. 2005;16(10):5040–52. doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-03-0193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harhaj NS, Barber AJ, Antonetti DA. Platelet-derived growth factor mediates tight junction redistribution and increases permeability in MDCK cells. J Cell Physiol. 2002;193(3):349–64. doi:10.1002/jcp.10183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins AM, et al. Constitutive activation of Rho proteins by CNF-1 influences tight junction structure and epithelial barrier function. J Cell Sci. 2003;116(Pt 4):725–42. doi:10.1242/jcs.00300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowalczyk AP, Nanes BA. Adherens junction turnover: regulating adhesion through cadherin endocytosis, degradation, and recycling. Subcell Biochem. 2012(60):197–222. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4186-7_9.
   Google Scholar
• Linden SK, et al. Mucins in the mucosal barrier to infection. Mucosal Immunol. 2008;1(3):183–97. doi:10.1038/mi.2008.5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alemka A, Corcionivoschi N, Bourke B. Defense and adaptation: the complex inter-relationship between Campylobacter jejuni and mucus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012;2:15. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corfield AP. Mucins: a biologically relevant glycan barrier in mucosal protection. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015;1850(1):236–52. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodds M, et al. Saliva A review of its role in maintaining oral health and preventing dental disease. BDJ Team. 2015; 2. doi:10.1038/bdjteam.2015.123.
   Google Scholar
• Marcotte H, Lavoie MC. Oral microbial ecology and the role of salivary immunoglobulin A. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998;62(1):71–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuckin MA, et al. Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9(4):265–78. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson K, Cramer S, Galla HJ. Impedance-based cell monitoring: barrier properties and beyond. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2013;10(1):5. doi:10.1186/2045-8118-10-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanaka H, Yamamoto Y, Kashihara H, Yamazaki Y, Tani K, Fujiyoshi Y, Mineta K, Takeuchi K, Tamura A, Tsukita S. Claudin-21 Has a Paracellular Channel Role at Tight Junctions. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 2016;6:954–64. doi:10.1128/MCB.00758-15.
   Google Scholar
• Günzel D, Yu ASL. Claudins and the modulation of tight junction permeability. Physiol Rev. 2013;93:525–69. doi:10.1152/physrev.00019.2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan B, et al. TEER measurement techniques for in vitro barrier model systems. J Lab Autom. 2015;20(2):107–26. doi:10.1177/2211068214561025.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neuhaus W, Bogner E, Wirth M, Trzeciak J, Lachmann B, Gabor F, Noe CR. A novel tool to characterize paracellular transport: the APTS-dextran ladder. Pharm Res. 2006;23(7):1491–501. doi:10.1007/s11095-006-0256-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun H, Pang KS. Permeability, transport, and metabolism of solutes in Caco-2 cell monolayers: a theoretical study. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008;36(1):102–23. doi:10.1124/dmd.107.015321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuhaus W. Development and validation of in-vitro models of the blood-brain barrier. Dissertation. Vienna: s.n., 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Rupniak HT, et al. Characteristics of four new human cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985;75(4):621–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobsen J, et al. TR146 cells grown on filters as a model for human buccal epithelium: I. Morphology, growth, barrier properties, and permeability. Int J Pharm. 1995;125:165–84. doi:10.1016/0378-5173(95)00109-V.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobsen J, et al. Filter-grown TR146 cells as an in vitro model of human buccal epithelial permeability. Eur J Oral Sci. 1999;107(2):138–46. doi:10.1046/j.0909-8836.1999.eos107210.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen HM, et al. TR146 cells grown on filters as a model of human buccal epithelium: permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextrans in the presence of sodium glycocholate. J Control Release. 1999;60;(2-3):223–33. doi:10.1016/S0168-3659(99)00081-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen HM, Rassing MR. TR146 cells grown on filters as a model of human buccal epithelium: V. Enzyme activity of the TR146 cell culture model, human buccal epithelium and porcine buccal epithelium, and permeability of leu-enkephalin. Int J Pharm. 2000;200(2):261–70. doi:10.1016/S0378-5173(00)00394-X.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen HM, Rassing MR. Nicotine permeability across the buccal TR146 cell culture model and porcine buccal mucosa in vitro: Effect of pH and concentration. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2002;16(3):151–7. doi:10.1016/S0928-0987(02)00083-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen HM, Rassing MR. TR146 cells grown on filters as a model of human buccal epithelium: IV. Permeability of water, mannitol, testosterone and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. Comparison to human, monkey and porcine buccal mucosa. Int J Pharm. 2000;194(2):155–67. doi:10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00368-3.
   Google Scholar
• Gumbleton M, Audus KL. Progress and limitations in the use of in vitro cell cultures to serve as a permeability screen for the blood-brain barrier. J Pharm Sci. 2001;90(11):1681–98. doi:10.1002/jps.1119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deli MA, et al. Permeability studies on in vitro blood-brain barrier models: physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2005;25(1):59–127. doi:10.1007/s10571-004-1377-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Zhang J, Streisand JB. Oral mucosal drug delivery: clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic applications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002;41(9):661–80. doi:10.2165/00003088-200241090-00003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sander C, Nielsen HM, Jacobsen J. Buccal delivery of metformin: TR146 cell culture model evaluating the use of bioadhesive chitosan discs for drug permeability enhancement. Int J Pharm. 2013;458(2):254–61. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.10.026.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Portero A, Remuñán-López C, Nielsen HM. The potential of chitosan in enhancing peptide and protein absorption across the TR146 cell culture model-an in vitro model of the buccal epithelium. Pharm Res. 2002;19(2):169–74. doi:10.1023/A:1014220832384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klemetsrud T, et al. Polymer coated liposomes for use in the oral cavity - A study of the in vitro toxicity, effect on cell permeability and interaction with mucin. J Liposome Res. 2016;3:1–37.
   Google Scholar
• Iyire A, Alayedi M and Mohammed AR. Pre-formulation and systematic evaluation of amino acid assisted permeability of insulin across in vitro buccal cell layers. Sci Rep. 2016;6:32498. doi:10.1038/srep32498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pistone S, et al. Formulation of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles for local administration into the oral cavity. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2016;96:381–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser M, et al. In Vitro and Sensory Evaluation of Capsaicin-Loaded Nanoformulations. PLoS One. 2015;10:10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng N, et al. Poloxamer bioadhesive hydrogel for buccal drug delivery: Cytotoxicity and trans-epithelial permeability evaluations using TR146 human buccal epithelial cell line. Int J Pharm. 2015;495(2):1028–37. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caon T, et al. Enhancing the buccal mucosal delivery of peptide and protein therapeutics. Pharm Res. 2015;32(1):1–21. doi:10.1007/s11095-014-1485-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park K, Morishita M. Biodrug Delivery Systems: fundamentals, applications and clinical development. [Online] [Cited: November 28, 2016]. https://books.google.at/books?id=91jvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA122&lpg=PA122&dq=buccal+mucosa+barrier&source=bl&ots=pLjmJZyF2e&sig=gtj0OL0HtmyjGTzSADGWn6Q0LIw&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4pdTu78DQAhUFLsAKHfvlAAIQ6AEIVTAL#v=onepage&q=buccal%20mucosa%20barrier&f=false.
   Google Scholar
• Sohi H, et al. Critical evaluation of permeation enhancers for oral mucosal drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2010;36(3):254–82. doi:10.3109/03639040903117348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lermann U, Morschhäuser J. Secreted aspartic proteases are not required for invasion of reconstituted human epithelia by Candida albicans. Microbiology. 2008;154(Pt 11):3281–3295. doi:10.1099/mic.0.2008/022525-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moyes DL, et al. A biphasic innate immune MAPK response discriminates between the yeast and hyphal forms of Candida albicans in epithelial cells. Cell Host Microbe. 2010;8(3):225–35. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2010.08.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samaranayake YH, et al. Differential phospholipase gene expression by Candida albicans in artificial media and cultured human oral epithelium. APMIS. 2006;114(12):857–66. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_479.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senel S, et al. Enhancing effect of chitosan on peptide drug delivery across buccal mucosa. 2000;21(20):2067–71.
   Google Scholar
• Wertz PW, Squier CA. Cellular and molecular basis of barrier function in oral epithelium. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1991;8(3):237–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teubl BJ, et al. The oral cavity as a biological barrier system: design of an advanced buccal in vitro permeability model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2013;84(2):386–93. doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.10.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cone RA. Barrier properties of mucus. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2009;61(2):75–85. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2008.09.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadev NP, et al. Evaluation of tissue engineered models of the oral mucosa to investigate oral candidiasis. Microb Pathog. 2011;50(6):278–85. doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2010.11.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyauchi S, et al. Establishment of human tumor cell line (Ueda-1) derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth. Jpn J Oral. Maxillofac. Surg. 1985;31:1347–51. in Japanese, not available. doi:10.5794/jjoms.31.1347.
   Google Scholar
• Wang Y, et al. Evaluation of HO-1-u-1 cell line as an in vitro model for sublingual drug delivery involving passive diffusion–Initial validation studies. Int J Pharm. 2007; 334 (1–2): 27–34. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.10.012.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Narang N, Sharma J. Sublingual Mucosa as a route for systemic drug delivery. Int J Pharm Pharmaceutical Sci. 2011;3(2):18–22.
   Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Zuo Z, Chow MS. HO-1-u-1 model for screening sublingual drug delivery–influence of pH, osmolarity and permeation enhancer. Int J Pharm. 2009; 370 (1–2): 68–74. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.11.010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, et al. Effect of Hangeshashinto on calprotectin expression in human oral epithelial cells. Odontology. 2016;104(2):152–62. doi:10.1007/s10266-015-0196-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Callaghan K, et al. Induction of apoptosis in oral squamous carcinoma cells by pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepines. Mol Med Rep. 2015;12(3):3748–54. doi:10.3892/mmr.2015.3832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khammanivong A, et al. S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) negatively regulates G2/M cell cycle progression and growth of squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One. 2013;8:7. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069395.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lermann U, Morschhäuser J. Secreted aspartic proteases are not required for invasion of reconstituted human epithelia by Candida albicans. Microbiology. 2008;154(Pt 11):3281–95. doi:10.1099/mic.0.2008/022525-0.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reiss M, Pitman SW, Sartorelli AC. Modulation of the terminal differentiation of human squamous carcinoma cells in vitro by all-trans-retinoic acid. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985;74(5):1015–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hansson A, et al. Expression of keratins in normal, immortalized and malignant oral epithelia in organotypic culture. Oral Oncol. 2001;37(5):419–30. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(00)00089-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceder R, et al. The application of normal, SV40 T-antigen-immortalised and tumour-derived oral keratinocytes, under serum-free conditions, to the study of the probability of cancer progression as a result of environmental exposure to chemicals. Altern Lab Anim. 2007;35(6):621–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whang YM, et al. Hyperacetylation enhances the growth-inhibitory effect of all-trans retinoic acid by the restoration of retinoic acid receptor beta expression in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005;56(5):543–55. doi:10.1007/s00280-004-0970-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarang Z, et al. Microarray assessment of fibronectin, collagen and integrin expression and the role of fibronectin-collagen coating in the growth of normal, SV40 T-antigen-immortalised and malignant human oral keratinocytes. Altern Lab Anim. 2003;31(6):575–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chun SG, et al. Targeted inhibition of histone deacetylases and hedgehog signaling suppress tumor growth and homologous recombination in aerodigestive cancers. Am J Cancer Res. 2015;5(4):1337–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moroyama T, et al. Establishment and characterization of a human tumor cell line (Nakata-1) derived from squamous carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. Proc Jpn Can Assoc. 1986;45: 242.not available.
   Google Scholar
• Sato K, et al. RANKL synthesized by both stromal cells and cancer cells plays a crucial role in osteoclastic bone resorption induced by oral cancer. Am J Pathol. 2013;182(5):1890–9. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.01.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohshima M, et al. Physiologic levels of epidermal growth factor in saliva stimulate cell migration of an oral epithelial cell line, HO-1-N-1. Eur J Oral Sci. 2002;110(2):130–6. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0722.2002.11179.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laheij AM, et al. The impact of virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis on wound healing in vitro. J Oral Microbiol. 2015;7:27543. doi:10.3402/jom.v7.27543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi K, et al. Effect of 9-cis-retinoic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Lett. 2000;151(2):199–208. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00422-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi K, et al. Overexpression of retinoic acid receptor beta induces growth arrest and apoptosis in oral cancer cell lines. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2001;92(1):42–50. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2001.tb01046.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prime SS, et al. The behaviour of human oral squamous cell carcinoma in cell culture. J Pathol. 1990;160(3):259–69. doi:10.1002/path.1711600313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yee M, et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulates IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in GMSM-K, HSC-3 and H413 oral epithelial cells. Anaerob. 2014;28:62–7. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.05.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo W, et al. CD24 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through c-Src kinase activity in a model of the lining epithelium of inflamed periodontal tissues. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2014;2(4):239–53. doi:10.1002/iid3.40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ye P. Modulation of epithelial tight junctions by TGF-beta 3 in cultured oral epithelial cells. Aust Dent J. 2012;57(1):11–7. doi:10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01651.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayanan SP, et al. Integrated genomic analyses identify KDM1A’s role in cell proliferation via modulating E2F signaling activity and associate with poor clinical outcome in oral cancer. Cancer Lett. 2015;367(2):162–72. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye P, et al. Differential expression of transforming growth factors-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3 and the type I, II, III receptors in the lining epithelia of inflamed gingiva. Pathology. 2003;35(5):384–92. doi:10.1080/00313020310001602585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee EJ, et al. Characterization of newly established oral cancer cell lines derived from six squamous cell carcinoma and two mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells. Exp Mol Med. 2005;37(5):379–90. doi:10.1038/emm.2005.48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YK, Koo NY, Yun PY. Anticancer effects of CKD-602 (Camtobell®) via G2/M phase arrest in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Oncol Lett. 2015;9(1):136–42. doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho JH, et al. The bacterial protein azurin enhances sensitivity of oral squamous carcinoma cells to anticancer drugs. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52(5):773–8. doi:10.3349/ymj.2011.52.5.773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park SR, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A reduces chemoresistance of oral squamous carcinoma cell via inhibition of heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70). Yonsei Med J. 2010;51:5. doi:10.3349/ymj.2010.51.5.708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, Y, et al. Effect of CD133 overexpression on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer cell lines. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2016;33(5):487–96. doi:10.1007/s10585-016-9793-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, SC, et al. Establishment of OC3 oral carcinoma cell line and identification of NF-kappa B activation responses to areca nut extract. J Oral Pathol Med. 2004;33(2);79–86. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00034.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, YH, et al. Apoptotic effect of cisplatin and cordycepin on OC3 human oral cancer cells. Chin J Integr Med. 2014;20(8):624–32. doi:10.1007/s11655-013-1453-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, SY, Wu, AT, Liu, SH. Microrna-17-5p regulated apoptosis-related protein expression and radiosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma caused by betel nut chewing. Oncotarget. 2016;7(32):51482–51493. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9856.
   Google Scholar
• Hsiao, JR, Leu, SF, Huang, BM. Apoptotic mechanism of paclitaxel-induced cell death in human head and neck tumor cell lines. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009;38(2):188–97. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00732.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, SH, Chang, CW, Chou, HC. 5-Methoxytryptophan-dependent inhibition of oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis. Electrophoresis. 2015;36(17), pp. 2027–34. doi:10.1002/elps.201500154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kok, SH, et al. Establishment and characterization of a tumorigenic cell line from areca quid and tobacco smoke-associated buccal carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 2007;43(7):639–47. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.07.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, CS, et al. Silencing JARID1B suppresses oncogenicity, stemness and increases radiation sensitivity in human oral carcinoma. 2015;368(1);36–45.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, CH, et al. IL-1β promotes malignant transformation and tumor aggressiveness in oral cancer. J Cell Physiol. 2015;230(4):875–84. doi:10.1002/jcp.24816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, CC, et al. MicroRNA-17/20a functions to inhibit cell migration and can be used a prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 2013;49(9):923–31. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.03.430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, CC, et al. HDAC2 promotes cell migration/invasion abilities through HIF-1α stabilization in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med. 2011;40(7):567–75. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01009.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gioanni, J, et al. Two new human tumor cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue: establishment, characterization and response to cytotoxic treatment. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1988;24(9);1445–55. doi:10.1016/0277-5379(88)90335-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, Z, et al. Hyaluronan synthase 2 expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes oral cancer invasion. 2016;35(1):181. doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0458-0.
   Google Scholar
• Li, YC, et al. SATB1 promotes tumor metastasis and invasiveness in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis. 2016; 23(2):247–254. doi:10.1111/odi.12602.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, X, et al. Knockdown of Myosin 6 inhibits proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45(10):740–5. doi:10.1111/jop.12448.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozec, A, et al. Combination of phosphotidylinositol-3-kinase targeting with cetuximab and irradiation: A preclinical study on an orthotopic xenograft model of head and neck cancer. Head Neck. 2017;39(1):151–159.  doi:10.1002/hed.24560.
   Google Scholar
• Tonissi, F, et al. Reoxygenation Reverses Hypoxia-related Radioresistance in Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines. 2016;36(5):2211–5.
   Google Scholar
• Stojanović, N, et al. Integrin αvβ3 expression in tongue squamous carcinoma cells Cal27 confers anticancer drug resistance through loss of pSrc(Y418). Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1863(8):1969–78. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.04.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mo, H, et al. Expression, roles and therapy target values of CD24 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 2016;48(1):16–22. Article in Chinese.
   Google Scholar
• Ma, Z, Bi, Q and Wang, Y. Hydrogen sulfide accelerates cell cycle progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Oral Dis. 2015;21(2):156–62. doi:10.1111/odi.12223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui, Z, et al. TRIM24 overexpression is common in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and correlates with aggressive malignant phenotypes. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63887. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063887.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, HH, et al. Bevacizumab regulates cancer cell migration by activation of STAT3. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(5):6501–6. doi:10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.15.6501.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheung, J, et al. A nonviral vector with transfection activity comparable with adenoviral transduction. Ther Deliv. 2016;7(11):739–49. doi:10.4155/tde-2016-0054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sapkota, D, et al. S100A16 promotes differentiation and contributes to a less aggressive tumor phenotype in oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:631. doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1622-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samal, SK, et al. Ketorolac salt is a newly discovered DDX3 inhibitor to treat oral cancer. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9982. doi:10.1038/srep09982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rheinwald, JG and Beckett, MA. Tumorigenic keratinocyte lines requiring anchorage and fibroblast support cultured from human squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Res. 1981;41(5):1657–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otsuka, Y, et al. High expression of EPB41L5, an integral component of the Arf6-driven mesenchymal program, correlates with poor prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Cell Commun Signal. 2016;14(1):28. doi:10.1186/s12964-016-0151-0.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kadletz, L, et al. AZD5582, an IAP antagonist that leads to apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and is eligible for combination with irradiation. Acta Otolaryngol. 2016; 137(3):320–325. doi:10.1080/00016489.2016.1242776.
   Google Scholar
• McGregor, F, et al. Molecular changes associated with oral dysplasia progression and acquisition of immortality: potential for its reversal by 5-azacytidine. Cancer Res. 2002;62(16):4757–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colley, HE, et al. Development of tissue-engineered models of oral dysplasia and early invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2011;105(10):1582–92. doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaballah, K, et al. Tissue engineering of oral dysplasia. J Pathol. 2008;215(3):280–9. doi:10.1002/path.2360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaballah, K, et al. Lysis of Dysplastic but not Normal Oral Keratinocytes and Tissue-Engineered Epithelia with Conditionally Replicating Adenoviruses. Cancer Res. 2007;67(15):7284–94. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3834.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mian, SA, et al. Raman spectroscopy can discriminate between normal, dysplastic and cancerous oral mucosa: a tissue-engineering approach. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2016; 11(11):3253–3262. doi:10.1002/term.2234.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, SE, et al. DOK, a cell line established from human dysplastic oral mucosa, shows a partially transformed non-malignant phenotype. Int J Cancer. 1992;52(6):896–902. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910520612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulasekara, KK, et al. Cancer progression is associated with increased expression of basement membrane proteins in three-dimensional in vitro models of human oral cancer. Arch Oral Biol. 2009;54(10):924–31. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.07.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajendiran, S, et al. MIEN1 promotes oral cancer progression and implicates poor overall survival. Cancer Biol Ther. 2015;16(6):876–85. doi:10.1080/15384047.2015.1040962.
   Google Scholar
• Dalley, AJ, et al. Organotypic culture of normal, dysplastic and squamous cell carcinoma-derived oral cell lines reveals loss of spatial regulation of CD44 and p75 NTR in malignancy. J Oral Pathol Med. 2013;42(1):37–46. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01170.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan LP, et al. IL-8 promotes HNSCC progression on CXCR1/2-meidated NOD1/RIP2 signaling pathway. Oncotarget. 2016; 7(38):61820–61831. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11445.
   Google Scholar
• Dong Y, et al. Establishment of a new OSCC cell line derived from OLK and identification of malignant transformation-related proteins by differential proteomics approach. Sci Rep. 2015;5:12668. doi:10.1038/srep12668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rikimaru, K, et al. Growth of the malignant and nonmalignant human squamous cells in a protein-free defined medium. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol. 1990;26(9):849–56. doi:10.1007/BF02624609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada, K, et al. Metformin in combination with 5-fluorouracil suppresses tumor growth by inhibiting the Warburg effect in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2016;49(1):276–84. doi:10.3892/ijo.2016.3523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pal, SK, et al. THBS1 is induced by TGFB1 in the cancer stroma and promotes invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45(10):730–9. doi:10.1111/jop.12430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ketkaew, Y, et al. Apigenin inhibited hypoxia induced stem cell marker expression in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Arch Oral Biol. 74:69–74. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.11.010.
   Google Scholar
• Momose, F, et al. Variant sublines with different metastatic potentials selected in nude mice from human oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Oral Pathol Med. 1989;18(7):391–5. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1989.tb01570.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, Z, et al. Overexpression of HOXB7 protein reduces sensitivity of oral cancer cells to chemo-radiotherapy. Cancer Gene Ther. 2016;23:12:419–24. doi:10.1038/cgt.2016.55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaneko, T, et al. Hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition is regulated by phosphorylation of GSK3-β via PI3 K/Akt signaling in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016;122(6):719–s730. doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2016.06.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoi, T, Homma, H, Odajima, T. Establishment and characterization of OSC-19 cell line in serum and protein free culture. Tumor Res. 1988;24:1–17.
   Google Scholar
• Shibata, A, et al. Synthetic terrein inhibits progression of head and neck cancer by suppressing angiogenin production. Anticancer Res. 2016;36(5):2161–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawasaki, G, et al. Overexpression of metastasis-associated MTA1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas: correlation with metastasis and invasion. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37(11):1039–46. doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2008.05.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamino, Y, et al. HBD-2 is downregulated in oral carcinoma cells by DNA hypermethylation, and increased expression of hBD-2 by DNA demethylation and gene transfection inhibits cell proliferation and invasion. Oncol Rep. 2014;32(2):462–s8. doi:10.3892/or.2014.3260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitahara, H, et al. Eribulin sensitizes oral squamous cell carcinoma cells to cetuximab via induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. Oncol Rep. 2016;36(6);3139–44. doi:10.3892/or.2016.5189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoi, T, et al. Some properties of a newly established human cell line derived from an oral squamous carcinoma. Tumor Res. 1990;25(93):91–93.
   Google Scholar
• Todoroki, K, et al. CD44v3+/CD24- cells possess cancer stem cell-like properties in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2016;48(1):99–109. doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urade, M, et al. Establishment of human squamous carcinoma cell lines highly and minimally sensitive to bleomycin and analysis of factors involved in the sensitivity. Cancer. 1992;69(10):2589–97. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19920515)69:10%3c2589:: AID-CNCR2820691032%3e3.0.CO;2-Y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazama, H, et al. Dietary glucosylceramides suppress tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by the inhibition of angiogenesis through an increase in ceramide. Int J Clin Oncol. 2015;20(3):438–46. doi:10.1007/s10147-014-0734-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamura, T, et al. Zoledronic acid, a third-generation bisphosphonate, inhibits cellular growth and induces apoptosis in oral carcinoma cell lines. Oncol Rep. 2011;25(4):1139–43. doi:10.3892/or.2011.1152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitano, H, et al. Long-term gene therapy with Del1 fragment using nonviral vectors in mice with explanted tumors. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:503–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berndt, A, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion is associated with a laminin-5 matrix re-organization but independent of basement membrane and hemidesmosome formation. clues from an in vitro invasion model. Invasion Metastasis. 1997;17(5):251–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palmerini, CA, et al. Synthesis of new indole-based bisphosphonates and evaluation of their chelating ability in PE/CA-PJ15 cells. Eur J Med Chem. 2015;102:403–12. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez Jornet, P, et al. Zoledronic acid and irradiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015;44(2):103–8. doi:10.1111/jop.12205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büttner, R, et al. Myofibroblasts have an impact on expression, dimerization and signaling of different ErbB receptors in OSCC cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2016;37(1):25–37. doi:10.3109/10799893.2016.1155066.
   Google Scholar
• Jo, JR, Park, YK, Jang, BC. Short-term treatment with glucosamine hydrochloride specifically downregulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α at the protein level in YD-8 human tongue cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2014;44(5):1699–706. doi:10.3892/ijo.2014.2336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung, CW, et al. Anti-cancer properties of glucosamine-hydrochloride in YD-8 human oral cancer cells: Induction of the caspase-dependent apoptosis and down-regulation of HIF-1α. Toxicol In Vitro. 2012;26(1):42–50. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2011.10.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• So, KY, Oh, SH. Heme oxygenase-1-mediated apoptosis under cadmium-induced oxidative stress is regulated by autophagy, which is sensitized by tumor suppressor p53. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;479(1):80–5. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn, SG, et al. The anticancer mechanism of 2’-hydroxycinnamaldehyde in human head and neck cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2015;47(5):1793–800. doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anh, TD, et al. The histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A, induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in YD-10B oral squamous carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep. 2012:27(2):455–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, HJ, et al. Inhibition of myeloid cell leukemia-1: Association with sorafenib-induced apoptosis in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells and tumor xenograft. Head Neck. 2015;37(9):1326–35. doi:10.1002/hed.23749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, HJ, Jang, YJ. Selective apoptotic effect of Zelkova serrata twig extract on mouth epidermoid carcinoma through p53 activation. Int J Oral Sci. 2012;4(2):78–84. doi:10.1038/ijos.2012.14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, W, et al. Association between cancer stem cell-like properties and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in primary and secondary cancer cells. 2016;49(3):991–1000.
   Google Scholar
• Rheinwald, JG, Beckett, MA. Defective terminal differentiation in culture as a consistent and selectable character of malignant human keratinocytes. Cell. 1980;22 (2.2):629–32. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(80)90373-6.
   Google Scholar
• Sun, L, et al. MicroRNA-137 suppresses tongue squamous carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Cell Prolif. 2016;49(5):628–35. doi:10.1111/cpr.12287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, CC, et al. Cantharidin induced oral squamous cell carcinoma cell apoptosis via the JNK-Regulated mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related rignaling pathways. PLoS One. 2016;11(12):e0168095. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai, D, et al. Inhibition of mTOR/eIF4E by anti-viral drug ribavirin effectively enhances the effects of paclitaxel in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;482(4):1259–1264. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.025.
   Google Scholar
• Jin, L, et al. Icaritin induces mitochondrial apoptosis by up-regulating miR-124 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;85:287–295. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.023.
   Google Scholar
• Korvala, J, et al. MicroRNA and protein profiles in invasive versus non-invasive oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro. Exp Cell Res. 2016;350(1):9–18. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.10.015.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, H, et al. HMGA2 is associated with the aggressiveness of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oral Dis. 2016;23(2):255–264. doi:10.1111/odi.12608.
   Google Scholar
• Gustafson, DL, et al. Dose scheduling of the dual VEGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor vandetanib (ZD6474, Zactima) in combination with radiotherapy in EGFR-positive and EGFR-null human head and neck tumor xenografts. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008;61(2):179–88. doi:10.1007/s00280-007-0460-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradshaw-Pierce, EL, et al. Pharmacokinetic-directed dosing of vandetanib and docetaxel in a mouse model of human squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008;7(9):3006–17. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bais, MV, Kukuruzinska, M, Trackman, PC. Orthotopic non-metastatic and metastatic oral cancer mouse models. Oral Oncol. 2015;51(5):476–82. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.01.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada, K, Ferdous, T, Ueyama, Y. Gimeracil exerts radiosensitizing effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Res. 2016;36(11):5923–30. doi:10.21873/anticanres.11179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohnishi, Y, et al. Lapatinib-resistant cancer cells possessing epithelial cancer stem cell properties develop sensitivity during sphere formation by activation of the ErbB/AKT/cyclin D2 pathway. Oncol Rep. 2016;36(5):3058–64. doi:10.3892/or.2016.5073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horikoshi, M, et al. A new human cell line derived from human carcinoma of the gingiva. I. Its establishment and morphological studies. Nihon Koku Geka Gakkai Zasshi. 1974;20(2):100–6. Article in Japanese.
   Google Scholar
• Tsubaki, M, et al. The sensitivity of head and neck carcinoma cells to statins is related to the expression of their Ras expression status, and statin-induced apoptosis is mediated via suppression of the Ras/ERK and Ras/mTOR pathways. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2016;44(2):222–234. doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12690.
   Google Scholar
• Kudo, Y, et al. Establishment of an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line with high invasive and p27 degradation activities from a lymph node metastasis. Oral Oncol. 2003;39(5):515–20. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00015-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudo, Y, et al. Establishment and characterization of a spindle cell squamous carcinoma cell line. 2006;35(8):479–83.
   Google Scholar
• Inagaki, T, et al. treatment, Establishment of human oral-cancer cell lines (KOSC-2 and -3) carrying p53 and c-myc abnormalities by geneticin. Int J Cancer. 1994;56(2):301–8. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910560226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maemoto, S, et al. Mutational analysis of HRAS and KRAS genes in oral carcinoma cell lines. Odontology. 2012;100(2):149–55. doi:10.1007/s10266-011-0032-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oyama, G, et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 in oral carcinoma cells and gingival fibroblasts. Odontology. 2013;101(2):150–5. doi:10.1007/s10266-012-0079-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uozumi, M, et al. Induction of S100A4 gene expression inhibits in vitro invasiveness of human squamous cell carcinoma, KOSC-3 cells. Cancer Lett. 2000;149(1–2):135–41. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00352-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu, KC, et al. Polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and Gas6/Axl signaling in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 2015;51(7):683–9. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.04.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, XD, et al. Resveratrol inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma through induction of apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Tumour Biol. 2016;37(3):2871–7. doi:10.1007/s13277-015-3793-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, CY, Meng, CL. Regulation of PG synthase by EGF and PDGF in human oral, breast, stomach, and fibrosarcoma cancer cell lines. J Dent Res. 1994;73(8):1407–15. doi:10.1177/00220345940730080301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu, HP, et al. Cyclosporine A enhances apoptosis in gingival keratinocytes of rats and in OECM1 cells via the mitochondrial pathway. J Periodontal Res. 2009;44:6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01189.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, KP, et al. Overexpression of caldesmon is associated with lymph node metastasis and poorer prognosis in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2013;119(22):4003–11. doi:10.1002/cncr.28300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiang, CH, et al. Proteomics Analysis Reveals Involvement of Krt17 in Areca Nut-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis. J Proteome Res. 2016;15(9):2981–97. doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirako, Y, et al. Heterogeneous tumor stromal microenvironments of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in tongue and nodal metastatic lesions in a xenograft mouse model. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015;44(9):656–68. doi:10.1111/jop.12318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, MA, et al. Human keratinocytes that express hTERT and also bypass a p16(INK4a)-enforced mechanism that limits life span become immortal yet retain normal growth and differentiation characteristics. Mol Cell Biol. 2000;20(4):1436–47. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.4.1436-1447.2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalley, AJ, et al. Expression of ABCG2 and Bmi-1 in oral potentially malignant lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med. 2014;3(2):273–83. doi:10.1002/cam4.182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito, Y, et al. ALY as a potential contributor to metastasis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2013;139(4):585–94. doi:10.1007/s00432-012-1361-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roblegg, E, et al. Evaluation of a physiological in vitro system to study the transport of nanoparticles through the buccal mucosa. Nanotoxicology. 2012;6(4):399–413. doi:10.3109/17435390.2011.580863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konopka, K, et al. Correlation between the levels of survivin and survivin promoter-driven gene expression in cancer and non-cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2009;14(1):70–89. doi:10.2478/s11658-008-0034-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best, M, et al. Characterisation and cytotoxic screening of metal oxide nanoparticles putative of interest to oral healthcare formulations in non-keratinised human oral mucosa cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015;30(1.B):402–11. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.022.
   Google Scholar
• Gokulan, R, Halagowder, D. Expression pattern of Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and Hes-1 in preneoplastic and neoplastic human oral squamous epithelium: their correlation with c-Myc, clinicopathological factors and prognosis in Oral cancer. Med Oncol. 2014;31:8. doi:10.1007/s12032-014-0126-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pring, M, et al. Dysregulated TGF-beta1-induced Smad signalling occurs as a result of defects in multiple components of the TGF-beta signalling pathway in human head and neck carcinoma cell lines. Int J Oncol. 2006;28:5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindran, G, et al. Association of differential β-catenin expression with Oct- 4and Nanog in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Head Neck. 2015;37(7):982–93. doi:10.1002/hed.23699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Neill, ID. Continued misrepresentation of KB cells as being of oral cancer phenotype requires action. Oral Oncol. 2009;45(10):e117–8. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.02.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagle, H. Propagation in a fluid medium of a human epidermoid carcinoma, strain KB. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1955;89(3):362–4. doi:10.3181/00379727-89-21811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karthikeyan, S, et al. Glaucarubinone sensitizes KB cells to paclitaxel by inhibiting ABC transporters via ROS-dependent and p53-mediated activation of apoptotic signaling pathways. Oncotarget. 2016;7(27):42353–73. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9865.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li, LK, et al. Goniothalamin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in H400 human oral squamous cell carcinoma: A caspase-dependent mitochondrial-mediated pathway with downregulation of NF-κβ. Arch Oral Biol. 2016;64:28–38. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, E, et al. Architectural characterization of organotypic cultures of H400 and primary rat keratinocytes. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2012;100(12):3227–38. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.34263.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shaghayegh, G, et al. Cell cycle arrest and mechanism of apoptosis induction in H400 oral cancer cells in response to Damnacanthal and Nordamnacanthal isolated from Morinda citrifolia. Cytotechnology. 2016;68(5):1999–2013. doi:10.1007/s10616-016-0014-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lourenço, SV, et al. Establishment and characterization of an oral mucosal melanoma cell line (MEMO) derived from a longstanding primary oral melanoma. Am J Dermatopathol. 2013;35(2):248–51. doi:10.1097/DAD.0b013e31826a9905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, M, et al. Assembly and initial characterization of a panel of 85 genomically validated cell lines from diverse head and neck tumor sites. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(23):7248–64. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacks, PG, et al. Establishment and characterization of two new squamous cell carcinoma cell lines derived from tumors of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 1988;48(10):2858–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xi, S, et al. Decreased STAT1 expression by promoter methylation in squamous cell carcinogenesis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98(3):181–9. doi:10.1093/jnci/djj020.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zweifel, BS, et al. Direct evidence for a role of cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandin E2 in human head and neck xenograft tumors. Cancer Res. 2002;62:(22):6706–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, C, et al. Dasatinib blocks cetuximab- and radiation-induced nuclear translocation of the epidermal growth factor receptor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Radiother Oncol. 2010;97(2):330–7. doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2010.06.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rangan, SR. A new human cell line (FaDu) from a hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer. 1972;29(1):117–21. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197201)29:1%3c117:: AID-CNCR2820290119%3e3.0.CO;2-R.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, S, et al. Effects of neratinib and combination with irradiation and chemotherapy in head and neck cancer cells. Oral Dis. 2016;22(8):797–804. doi:10.1111/odi.12552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, SW, et al. MART-10, a newly synthesized vitamin D analog, represses metastatic potential of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:1995–2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu YW, et al. Tyrosine 397 phosphorylation is critical for FAK-promoted Rac1 activation and invasive properties in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Lab Invest. 2016;96(3):296–306. doi:10.1038/labinvest.2015.151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamata H, et al. Possible contribution of active MMP2 to lymph-node metastasis and secreted cathepsin L to bone invasion of newly established human oral-squamous-cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer. 1997;70(1):120–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970106)70:1%3c120:: AID-IJC18%3e3.0.CO;2-P.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tada T, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cells modulate osteoclast function by RANKL-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Cancer Lett. 2009;274(1):126–31. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.09.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdem NF, Carlson ER, Gerard DA. Characterization of gene expression profiles of 3 different human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with different invasion and metastatic capacities. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66(5):918–27. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2007.12.036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus D, et al. Ghrelin promotes oral tumor cell proliferation by modifying GLUT1 expression. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016;73(6):1287–99. doi:10.1007/s00018-015-2048-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada K, et al. Induction of artificial cancer stem cells from tongue cancer cells by defined reprogramming factors. BMC Cancer. 2016;16, 548. doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2416-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishisaki A, et al. Identification and characterization of autocrine-motility-factor-like activity in oral squamous-cell-carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 1994;59(6):783–8. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910590613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen PT, et al. The FGFR1 inhibitor PD173074 induces mesenchymal-epithelial transition through the transcription factor AP-1. Br J Cancer. 2013;109(8):2248–58. doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakha S, et al. Exosomal microRNA miR-1246 induces cell motility and invasion through the regulation of DENND2D in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2016;6:38750. doi:10.1038/srep38750.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heo DS, et al. Biology, cytogenetics, and sensitivity to immunological effector cells of new head and neck squamous cell carcinoma lines. Cancer Res. 1989;49(18):5167–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minhas KM, et al. Spindle assembly checkpoint defects and chromosomal instability in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2003;107(1):46–52. doi:10.1002/ijc.11341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenner JC, et al. Genotyping of 73 UM-SCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Head Neck. 2010;32(4):417–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickman CT, et al. Molecular characterization of immortalized normal and dysplastic oral cell lines. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015;44(5):329–36. doi:10.1111/jop.12236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansson A, et al. Analysis of proliferation, apoptosis and keratin expression in cultured normal and immortalized human buccal keratinocytes. Eur J Oral Sci. 2003;111(1):34–41. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0722.2003.00010.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gröger S, Michel J, Meyle J. Establishment and characterization of immortalized human gingival keratinocyte cell lines. J Periodontal Res. 2008;43(6):604–14. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01019.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gröger S, et al. Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection on human gingival epithelial barrier function in vitro. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010;118(6):582–9. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00782.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gröger S, et al. Influence of retinoic acid on human gingival epithelial barriers. J Periodontal Res. 2016;51(6):748–57. doi:10.1111/jre.12351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatakeyama S, et al. Establishment of gingival epithelial cell lines from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. J Oral Pathol Med. 2001;30(5):296–304. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0714.2001.300507.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatakeyama S, Ishida K, Takeda Y. Changes in cell characteristics due to retinoic acid; specifically, a decrease in the expression of claudin-1 and increase in claudin-4 within tight junctions in stratified oral keratinocytes. J Periodontal Res. 2010;45(2):207–15. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2009.01219.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatakeyama S, et al. Expression of connexins and the effect of retinoic acid in oral keratinocytes. J Oral Sci. 2011;53(3):327–32. doi:10.2334/josnusd.53.327.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hatakeyama S, et al. Retinoic acid disintegrated desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in stratified oral keratinocytes. J Oral Pathol Med. 2004;33(10):622–8. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damek-Poprawa M, et al. Cell junction remodeling in gingival tissue exposed to a microbial toxin. J Dent Res. 2013;92(6):518–23. doi:10.1177/0022034513486807.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li S, et al. P. gingivalis modulates keratinocytes through FOXO transcription factors. PLoS One. 2013;8:11.
   Google Scholar
• Dickinson BC, et al. Interaction of oral bacteria with gingival epithelial cell multilayers. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2011;26(3):210–20. doi:10.1111/j.2041-1014.2011.00609.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz J, et al. Characterization of Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced degradation of epithelial cell junctional complexes. Infect Immun. 2000;68(3):1441–9. doi:10.1128/IAI.68.3.1441-1449.2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyle J, et al. Transepithelial electrical resistance and tight junctions of human gingival keratinocytes. J Periodontal Res. 1999;34(4):214–22. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1999.tb02244.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belibasakis GN, et al. The expression of gingival epithelial junctions in response to subgingival biofilms. Virulence. 2015;6(7):704–9. doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1081731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilmarinen T, et al. Towards a defined, serum- and feeder-free culture of stratified human oral mucosal epithelium for ocular surface reconstruction. Acta Ophthalmol. 2013;91(8):744–50. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.02523.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimazaki J, et al. Barrier function of cultivated limbal and oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(12):5672–80. doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3820.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura T, et al. Transport of D-glucose across cultured stratified cell layer of human oral mucosal cells. JPP. 2002;(54):213–9. doi:10.1211/0022357021778402.
   Google Scholar
• Iida T, et al. Development of a tissue-engineered human oral mucosa equivalent based on an acellular allogeneic dermal matrix: a preliminary report of clinical application to burn wounds. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 2005;39( 3):138–46. doi:10.1080/0284431051006376.
   Google Scholar
• Nakamura T, Kinoshita S. Ocular surface reconstruction using cultivated mucosal epithelial stem cells. Cornea. 2003;22(7 Suppl):S75–80. doi:10.1097/00003226-200310001-00011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobrowolski D, et al. Cultivated oral mucosa epithelium in ocular surface reconstruction in aniridia patients. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015, 281870. doi:10.1155/2015/281870.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhargava S, et al. Tissue-engineered buccal mucosa urethroplasty-clinical outcomes. Eur Urol. 2008;53(6):1263–9. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2008.01.061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie M, et al. Tissue-engineered buccal mucosa using silk fibroin matrices for urethral reconstruction in a canine model. J Surg Res. 2014;188(1):1–7. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moharamzadeh K, et al. Tissue-engineered oral mucosa: a review of the scientific literature. J Dent Res. 2007;86(2):115–24. doi:10.1177/154405910708600203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moharamzadeh K, et al. Tissue-engineered oral mucosa. J Dent Res. 2012;91(7):642–50. doi:10.1177/0022034511435702.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinikoglu B, Damour O, Hasirci V. Tissue Engineering of Oral Mucosa: A Shared Concept With Skin. Journal of Artificial Organs. 2015;18(1):8–19. doi:10.1007/s10047-014-0798-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nor NH, et al. Properties of cell sources in tissue-engineered three dimensional oral mucosa model: A Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017;12(1):52–60.
   Google Scholar
• Kosten IJ, et al. MUTZ-3 Langerhans cell maturation and CXCL12 independent migration in reconstructed human gingiva. ALTEX. 2016;33(4):423–34.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heller M, et al. Tissue engineered pre-vascularized buccal mucosa equivalents utilizing a primary triculture of epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Biomaterials. 2016;77:207–15. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.073.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dongari-Bagtzoglou A, Kashleva H. Development of a highly reproducible three-dimensional organotypic model of the oral mucosa. Nat Protoc. 2006;1(4):2012–8. doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceder R, et al. Differentiation-promoting culture of competent and noncompetent keratinocytes identifies biomarkers for head and neck cancer. Am J Pathol. 2012;180(2):457–72. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.10.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakravarti N, et al. Differential inhibition of protein translation machinery by curcumin in normal, immortalized, and malignant oral epithelial cells. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010;3(3):331–8. doi:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parikh N, et al. Isolation and characterization of an immortalized oral keratinocyte cell line of mouse origin. Arch Oral Biol. 2008;53(11):1091–100. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.07.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti HR, et al. IL-17 Receptor Signaling in Oral Epithelial Cells Is Critical for Protection against Oropharyngeal Candidiasis. Cell Host & Microbe. 2016;20(5):606–17. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.10.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi C, et al. Newly established cell lines from mouse oral epithelium regenerate teeth when combined with dental mesenchyme. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2010;46(5):457–68. doi:10.1007/s11626-009-9265-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäkelä M, Salo T, Larjava H. MMP-9 from TNF alpha-stimulated keratinocytes binds to cell membranes and type I collagen: a cause for extended matrix degradation in inflammation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998;253(2):325–35. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9641.
   Google Scholar
• Hildebrand HC, et al. Characterization of organotypic keratinocyte cultures on de-epithelialized bovine tongue mucosa. Histol Histopathol. 2002;17(1):151–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turunen A, et al. The combined effects of irradiation and herpes simplex virus type 1 infection on an immortal gingival cell line. Virol J. 2014;11, 125. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-11-125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turunen A, Syrjänen S. Extracellular calcium regulates keratinocyte proliferation and HPV 16 E6 RNA expression in vitro. APMIS. 2014;122(9):781–9. doi:10.1111/apm.12227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gursoy UK, et al. Construction and characterization of a multilayered gingival keratinocyte culture model: the TURK-U model. Cytotechnology. 2016;68(6):2345–54. doi:10.1007/s10616-016-0029-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oda D, et al. HPV immortalization of human oral epithelial cells: a model for carcinogenesis. Exp Cell Res. 1996;226(1):164–9. doi:10.1006/excr.1996.0215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parikka M, et al. Alterations of collagen XVII expression during transformation of oral epithelium to dysplasia and carcinoma. J Histochem Cytochem. 2003;51(7):921–9. doi:10.1177/002215540305100707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HJ, et al. Effects of nicotine on proliferation, cell cycle, and differentiation in immortalized and malignant oral keratinocytes. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005;34(7):436–43. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2005.00342.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roesch-Ely M, et al. Organotypic co-cultures allow for immortalized human gingival keratinocytes to reconstitute a gingival epithelial phenotype in vitro. Differentiation. 2006;74(9–10):622–37. doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00099.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buskermolen JK, et al. Development of a full-thickness human gingiva equivalent constructed from immortalized keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2016;22(8):781–91. doi:10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kibe T, et al. Immortalization and characterization of normal oral epithelial cells without using HPV and SV40 genes. Oral Science International. 2011;8(1):20–28. doi:10.1016/S1348-8643(11)00009-7.
   Google Scholar
• Miyata K, Takebe J. Anodized-hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure regulates integrin-α6β4 and laminin-5 gene expression in adherent murine gingival epithelial cells. J Prosthodont Res. 2013;57(2):99–108. doi:10.1016/j.jpor.2012.12.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakayama Y, et al. Amelotin gene expression is temporarily being upregulated at the initiation of apoptosis induced by TGFβ1 in mouse gingival epithelial cells. Apoptosis. 2016;21(10):1057–70. doi:10.1007/s10495-016-1279-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffatt-Jauregui, CE, et al. Establishment and characterization of a telomerase immortalized human gingival epithelial cell line. J Periodontal Res. 2013;48(6):713–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauregui, CE, et al. Suppression of T-Cell Chemokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun. 2013;81(7):2288–95. doi:10.1128/IAI.00264-13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, H, et al. The serine phosphatase SerB of Porphyromonas gingivalis suppresses IL-8 production by dephosphorylation of NF-κB RelA/p65. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(4):e1003326. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H, et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced reactive oxygen species activate JAK2 and regulate production of inflammatory cytokines through c-Jun. Infect Immun. 2014;82(10):4118–26. doi:10.1128/IAI.02000-14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, SC, et al. MicroRNAs regulate cytokine responses in gingival epithelial cells. Infect Immun. 2016;84(12):3282–9. doi:10.1128/IAI.00263-16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao, K, Akguel, B, Bostanci, N. Establishment and characterization of immortalized gingival epithelial and fibroblastic cell lines for the development of organotypic cultures. Cells Tissues Organs. 2014;199(4):228–37. doi:10.1159/000363694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubo, C, et al. Immortalization of normal human gingival keratinocytes and cytological and cytogenetic characterization of the cells. Odontology. 2009;97(1):18–31. doi:10.1007/s10266-008-0089-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusumoto, Y, et al. Human gingival epithelial cells produce chemotactic factors interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 after stimulation with Porphyromonas gingivalis via toll-like receptor 2. J Periodontol. 2004;75(3):370–9. doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.3.370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umeda, JE, et al. Differential transcription of virulence genes in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes. J Oral Microbiol. 2013;5. doi:10.3402/jom.v5i0.21473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savitri, IJ, et al. Irsogladine maleate inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis-mediated expression of toll-like receptor 2 and interleukin-8 in human gingival epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res. 2015;50(4):486–93. doi:10.1111/jre.12231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouhara, K, et al. miR-584 expressed in human gingival epithelial cells is induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulation and regulates interleukin-8 production via lactoferrin receptor. J Periodontol. 85, 2014;6:e198–204. doi:10.1902/jop.2013.130335.
   Google Scholar
• Benso, B, et al. Malva sylvestris inhibits inflammatory response in oral human cells. An In Vitro Infection Model. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0140331. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castilho, et al. Rac1 is required for epithelial stem cell function during dermal and oral mucosal wound healing but not for tissue homeostasis in mice. 2010;5(5):e10503.
   Google Scholar
• Glazer, CA, et al. The Role of MAGEA2 in head and neck cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;137(3):286–93. doi:10.1001/archoto.2011.2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhan, S, et al. MAGEA4 induces growth in normal oral keratinocytes by inhibiting growth arrest and apoptosis. Oncol Rep. 2012;28(4):1498–502. doi:10.3892/or.2012.1934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellicioli, AC, et al. Laser phototherapy accelerates oral keratinocyte migration through the modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. J Biomed Opt. 2014;19(2):028002. doi:10.1117/1.JBO.19.2.028002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins, MD, et al. Epigenetic modifications of histones in periodontal disease. J Dent Res. 2016;95(2):215–22. doi:10.1177/0022034515611876.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dongari-Bagtzoglou, A, Kashleva, H. Candida albicans triggers interleukin-8 secretion by oral epithelial cells. Microb Pathog. 2003;34(4):169–77. doi:10.1016/S0882-4010(03)00004-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wöllert, T, et al. Human oral keratinocytes: a model system to analyze host-pathogen interactions. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;845:289–302. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8_19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Volk, et al. Glutathione level and genotoxicity in human oral keratinocytes exposed to TEGDMA. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2012;100( 2):391–9. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.31960.
   Google Scholar
• Ramage, G, et al. Antifungal, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory properties of tea tree oil and its derivative components: potential role in management of oral candidosis in cancer patients. Front Microbiol. 2012;3:220. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millhouse, E, et al. Development of an in vitro periodontal biofilm model for assessing antimicrobial and host modulatory effects of bioactive molecules. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14:80. doi:10.1186/1472-6831-14-80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessels, M, et al. Genotoxic effects of camphorquinone and DMT on human oral and intestinal cells. Dent Mater. 2015;31(10):1159–68. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2015.06.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almela, T, Brook, IM, Moharamzadeh, K. Development of three-dimensional tissue engineered bone-oral mucosal composite models. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2016;27:65. doi:10.1007/s10856-016-5676-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilchrist, EP, et al. Establishment of a human polyclonal oral epithelial cell line. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000;90(3):340–7. doi:10.1067/moe.2000.107360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanno, F, Korostoff J, Volgina A, DiRienzo JM. Resistance of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to the cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. J Peridontol. 2005;76(7):1189–201. doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.7.1189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feghali, K, Tanabe, S, Grenier, D. Soluble CD14 induces cytokine release by human oral epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res. 2011;46(1):147–52. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01311.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yee, M, et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulates IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in GMSM-K, HSC-3 and H413 oral epithelial cells. Anaerobe. 2014;28:62–7. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.05.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabuchi, Y, et al. Development of oral epithelial cell line ROE2 with differentiation potential from transgenic rats harboring temperature-sensitive simian virus40 large T-antigen gene. Exp Anim. 1, 2014;63:31–44. doi:10.1538/expanim.63.31.
   Google Scholar
• Tabuchi, Y, et al. Genes and gene networks involved in sodium fluoride-elicited cell death accompanying endoplasmic reticulum stress in oral epithelial cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(5):8959–78. doi:10.3390/ijms15058959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eirheim, HU, Bundgaard, C, Nielsen, HM. Evaluation of different toxicity assays applied to proliferating cells and to stratified epithelium in relation to permeability enhancement with glycocholate. Toxicol In Vitro. 2004;18(5):649–57. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2004.02.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye, P, et al. CD24 regulated gene expression and distribution of tight junction proteins is associated with altered barrier function in oral epithelial monolayers. BMC Cell Biol. 2009;10:2. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-10-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acheampong, EA, et al. Molecular interactions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with primary human oral keratinocytes. J Virol. 2005;79(13):8440–53. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.13.8440-8453.2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaal S, Kunsch K, Kunsch S. Der Mensch in Zahlen: Eine Datensammlung in Tabellen mit über 20000 Einzelwerten. s.l.: Springer-Verlag; 2015: 506.
   Google Scholar
• Edgar WM. Saliva: its secretion, composition and functions. Br Dent J. 1992;172(8):305–12. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4807861.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, J, Manzella, K, Baker, OJ. Current cell models for bioengineering a salivary gland: a mini-review of emerging technologies. Oral Dis. 2013;19(3):236–44. doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01958.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maria, OM, et al. Distribution of tight junction proteins in adult human salivary glands. J Histochem Cytochem. 2008;56(12):1093–8. doi:10.1369/jhc.2008.951780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, OJ. Tight junctions in salivary epithelium. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010:278948. doi:10.1155/2010/278948.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baker, OJ. Current trends in salivary gland tight junctions. Tissue Barriers. 2016;4:3. doi:10.1080/21688370.2016.1162348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, GH, Wu, LL, Yu, GY. Tight junctions and paracellular fluid and ion transport in salivary glands. Chin J Dent Res. 2013;16(1):13–46.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Michikawa, H, Fujita-Yoshigaki, J, Sugiya, H. Enhancement of barrier function by overexpression of claudin-4 in tight junctions of submandibular gland cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2008;334(2):255–64. doi:10.1007/s00441-008-0689-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang, RL, et al. Claudin-4 is required for AMPK-modulated paracellular permeability in submandibular gland cells. J Mol Cell Biol. 2014;6(6):486–97. doi:10.1093/jmcb/mju048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cong, X, et al. Claudin-4 is required for modulation of paracellular permeability by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in epithelial cells. J Cell Sci. 2015;128(12):2271–86. doi:10.1242/jcs.165878.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, D, Mrsny, RJ. Oncogenic Raf-1 disrupts epithelial tight junctions via downregulation of occludin. J Cell Biol. 2000;148(4):791–800. doi:10.1083/jcb.148.4.791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamm-Alvarez, SF, et al. Etk/Bmx activation modulates barrier function in epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2001;280(6):C1657–68. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.280.6.C1657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro, R, et al. Ion transport in an immortalized rat submandibular cell line SMG-C6. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000;225(1):39–48. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1373.2000.22505.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aframian, DJ, et al. Absence of tight junction formation in an allogeneic graft cell line used for developing an engineered artificial salivary gland. Tissue Eng. 2002;8(5):871–8. doi:10.1089/10763270260424231.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maria, OM, et al. Matrigel improves functional properties of human submandibular salivary gland cell line. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2011;43(4):622–31. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2011.01.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capes-Davis, A, et al. Check your cultures! A list of cross-contaminated or misidentified cell lines. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(1):1–8. doi:10.1002/ijc.25242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uematsu, T, et al. Expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter in human salivary ducts. Arch Oral Biol. 2003;48(1):87–90. doi:10.1016/S0003-9969(02)00159-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuoka T, Aiyama S, Kikuchi KI, Koike K. Uptake of cationized ferritin by the epithelium of the main excretory duct of the rat submandibular gland. Anat Rec. 2000;258(1):108–13. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(20000101)258:1%3c108:: AID-AR12%3e3.0.CO;2-D.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lotti LV, Hand AR. Endocytosis of native and glycosylated bovine serum albumin by duct cells of the rat parotid gland. Cell Tissue Res. 1989;255(2):333–42. doi:10.1007/BF00224116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park MY, Kim N, Wu LL, Yu GY, Park K. Role of flotillins in the endocytosis of GPCR in salivary gland epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;476(4):237–44. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirraglia C, Walters J, Myat MM. Pak1 control of E-cadherin endocytosis regulates salivary gland lumen size and shape. Development. 2010;137(24):4177–89. doi:10.1242/dev.048827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lisi S, Sisto M, Soleti R, Saponaro C, Scagliusi P. Fcgamma receptors mediate internalization of anti-Ro and anti-La autoantibodies from Sjögren’s syndrome and apoptosis in human salivary gland cell line A-253. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(9):511–23. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00563.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu CX, Li Y, Obermoeller-McCormick LM, Schwartz AL, Bu G. The putative tumor suppressor LRP1B, a novel member of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, exhibits both overlapping and distinct properties with the LDL receptor-related protein. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(31):28889–96. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102727200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burghartz M, Lennartz S, Schweinlin M, Hagen R, Kleinsasser N, Hackenberg S, Steußloff G, Scherzad A, Radeloff K, Ginzkey C, et al. Development of human salivary gland-like tissue in vitro. Tissue Eng Part A. 2018;24(3-4):301–309. doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0466.
   Google Scholar
• Bamforth, SD, et al. A dominant mutant of occludin disrupts tight junction structure and function. J Cell Sci. 1999;112(12):1879–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogel, C, et al. Flt-1, but not Flk-1 mediates hyperpermeability through activation of the PI3-K/Akt pathway. J Cell Physiol. 2007;212(1):236–43. doi:10.1002/jcp.21022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitsui, R, et al. Maintenance of paracellular barrier function by insulin-like growth factor-I in submandibular gland cells. Arch Oral Biol. 2010;55(12):963–9. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.07.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He X, et al. A polarized salivary cell monolayer useful for studying transepithelial fluid movement in vitro. Pflugers Arch. 1998;435(3):375–81. doi:10.1007/s004240050526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, et al. ZO-1 and -2 Are Required for TRPV1-Modulated Paracellular Permeability. J Dent Res. 2015;94(12):1748–56. doi:10.1177/0022034515609268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cong X, et al. Occludin is required for TRPV1-modulated paracellular permeability in the submandibular gland. J Cell Sci. 2013;126(5):1109–21. doi:10.1242/jcs.111781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding C, et al. Adiponectin increases secretion of rat submandibular gland via adiponectin receptors-mediated AMPK signaling. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63878. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063878.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quissell DO, et al. Development and characterization of SV40 immortalized rat parotid acinar cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 1998;34(1):58–67. doi:10.1007/s11626-998-0054-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirasuna K, Sato M, Miyazaki T. A neoplastic epithelial duct cell line established from an irradiated human salivary gland. Cancer. 1981;48(3):745–52. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19810801)48:3%3c745:: AID-CNCR2820480314%3e3.0.CO;2-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato M, et al. Search for specific markers of neoplastic epithelial duct and myoepithelial cell lines established from human salivary gland and characterization of their growth in vitro. Cancer. 1984;54(12):2959–67. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19841215)54:12%3c2959:: AID-CNCR2820541225%3e3.0.CO;2-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang SI, et al. Establishment of functional acinar-like cultures from human salivary glands. J Dent Res. 2015;94(2):304–11. doi:10.1177/0022034514559251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran SD, et al. Primary culture of polarized human salivary epithelial cells for use in developing an artificial salivary gland. Tissue Eng. 2005;11(1–2):172–81. doi:10.1089/ten.2005.11.172.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hegyesi O, et al. Evidence for active electrolyte transport by two-dimensional monolayers of human salivary epithelial cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2015;21(12):1226–36. doi:10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maria OM, et al. Matrigel improves functional properties of primary human salivary gland cells. Tissue Eng Part A. 2011a;17(9–10):1229–38. doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0297.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szlávik V, et al. Differentiation of primary human submandibular gland cells cultured on basement membrane extract. Tissue Eng Part A. 2008;14(11):1915–26. doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran SD, et al. Re-engineering primary epithelial cells from rhesus monkey parotid glands for use in developing an artificial salivary gland. Tissue Eng. 2006;12(10):2939–48. doi:10.1089/ten.2006.12.2939.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aframian DJ, et al. Characterization of murine autologous salivary gland graft cells: a model for use with an artificial salivary gland. Tissue Eng. 2004;10(5–6):914–20. doi:10.1089/1076327041348518.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar