Active and prospective latent tuberculosis are associated with different metabolomic profiles: clinical potential for the identification of rapid and non-invasive biomarkers

References

• Zumla A, George A, Sharma V, et al. The WHO 2014 global tuberculosis report--further to go. Lancet Glob Health. 2015 Jan;3(1): e10-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaziou P, Floyd K, Raviglione MC. Global epidemiology of tuberculosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Jun;39(3):271–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupte A, Padmapriyadarsini C, Mave V, et al. Cohort for tuberculosis research by the Indo-US medical Partnership (CTRIUMPH): protocol for a multicentric prospective observational study. BMJ Open. 2016 Feb;6(2):e010542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolla CK, Padmapriyadarsini C, Thiruvengadam K, et al. Age-specific prevalence of TB infection among household contacts of pulmonary TB: is it time for TB preventive therapy? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019 Oct;113(10):632–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houben RM, Dodd PJ. The global burden of latent tuberculosis infection: a re-estimation using mathematical modelling. PLoS Med. 2016 Oct;13(10):e1002152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiazyk S, Ball TB. Latent tuberculosis infection: an overview. Can Commun Dis Rep. 2017 Mar;43(3-4):62–66.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schluger NW. AJRCCM: 100-year anniversary. Focus on tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 May;195(9):1112–1114.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stefan DC, Dippenaar A, Detjen AK, et al. Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010 Jun;14(6):689–694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pai M, Denkinger CM, Kik SV, et al. Gamma interferon release assays for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014 Jan;27(1):3–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Use of tuberculosis interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) in low- and middle-income countries. Policy Statement; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Denholm JT, McBryde ES. The use of anti-tuberculosis therapy for latent TB infection. Infect Drug Resist. 2010;3:63–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goletti D, Petruccioli E, Joosten SA, et al. Tuberculosis biomarkers: from diagnosis to protection. Infect Dis Rep. 2016 Jun;8(2):6568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLean E, Broger T, Yerlikaya S, et al. A systematic review of biomarkers to detect active tuberculosis. Nat Microbiol. 2019 May;4(5):748–758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez-Cebrian N, Rojas-Benedicto A, Albors-Vaquer A, et al. Metabolomics contributions to the discovery of prostate cancer biomarkers. Metabolites. 2019 Mar;9(3). PMID: 30857149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puchades-Carrasco L, Lecumberri R, Martinez-Lopez J, et al. Multiple myeloma patients have a specific serum metabolomic profile that changes after achieving complete remission. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Sep;19(17):4770–4779.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Rambla C, Puchades-Carrasco L, Garcia-Flores M, et al. Non-invasive urinary metabolomic profiling discriminates prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Metabolomics. 2017;13(5):52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puchades-Carrasco L, Pineda-Lucena A. Metabolomics applications in precision medicine: an oncological perspective. Curr Top Med Chem. 2017;17(24):2740–2751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicente-Munoz S, Morcillo I, Puchades-Carrasco L, et al. Pathophysiologic processes have an impact on the plasma metabolomic signature of endometriosis patients. Fertil Steril. 2016 Dec;106(7):1733–1741. e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatine MS, Liu E, Morrow DA, et al. Metabolomic identification of novel biomarkers of myocardial ischemia. Circulation. 2005 Dec;112(25):3868–3875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palomino-Schatzlein M, Simo R, Hernandez C, et al. Metabolic fingerprint of insulin resistance in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. PLoS One. 2018;13(7):e0199351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laiakis EC, Morris GA, Fornace AJ, et al. Metabolomic analysis in severe childhood pneumonia in the Gambia, West Africa: findings from a pilot study. PLoS One. 2010 Sep;5(9). PMID: 20844590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Utzinger J, Saric J, et al. Global metabolic responses of mice to trypanosoma brucei brucei infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr;105(16):6127–6132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin JH, Yang JY, Jeon BY, et al. (1)H NMR-based metabolomic profiling in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Proteome Res. 2011 May;10(5):2238–2247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson JK, Foxall PJ, Spraul M, et al. 750 MHz 1H and 1H-13C NMR spectroscopy of human blood plasma. Anal Chem. 1995 Mar;67(5):793–811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, et al. HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan;46(D1):D608–D617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markley JL, Ulrich EL, Berman HM, et al. BioMagResBank (BMRB) as a partner in the worldwide protein data Bank (wwPDB): new policies affecting biomolecular NMR depositions. J Biomol NMR. 2008 Mar;40(3):153–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong J, Soufan O, Li C, et al. Metaboanalyst 4.0: towards more transparent and integrative metabolomics analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jul;46(W1):W486–W494.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walzl G, McNerney R, du Plessis N, et al. Tuberculosis: advances and challenges in development of new diagnostics and biomarkers. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Jul;18(7):e199–e210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermingham A, Derrick JP. The folic acid biosynthesis pathway in bacteria: evaluation of potential for antibacterial drug discovery. Bioessays. 2002 Jul;24(7):637–648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shleeva M, Goncharenko A, Kudykina Y, et al. Cyclic AMP-dependent resuscitation of dormant mycobacteria by exogenous free fatty acids. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e82914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sareen D, Newton GL, Fahey RC, et al. Mycothiol is essential for growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis erdman. J Bacteriol. 2003 Nov;185(22):6736–6740.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng J, Rubin EJ, Bifani P, et al. Para-aminosalicylic acid is a prodrug targeting dihydrofolate reductase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Biol Chem. 2013 Aug;288(32):23447–23456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakraborty S, Gruber T, Barry 3rd CE, et al. Para-aminosalicylic acid acts as an alternative substrate of folate metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Science. 2013 Jan;339(6115):88–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trivedi A, Singh N, Bhat SA, et al. Redox biology of tuberculosis pathogenesis. Adv Microb Physiol. 2012;60:263–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchmeier NA, Newton GL, Koledin T, et al. Association of mycothiol with protection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from toxic oxidants and antibiotics. Mol Microbiol. 2003 Mar;47(6):1723–1732.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernick M. Mycothiol: a target for potentiation of rifampin and other antibiotics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2013 Jan;11(1):49–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizvi A, Shankar A, Chatterjee A, et al. Rewiring of metabolic network in Mycobacterium tuberculosis during adaptation to different stresses. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:2417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bafica A, Scanga CA, Serhan C, et al. Host control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is regulated by 5-lipoxygenase-dependent lipoxin production. J Clin Invest. 2005 Jun;115(6):1601–1606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobin DM, Vary JC, Jr., Ray JP, et al. The lta4h locus modulates susceptibility to mycobacterial infection in zebrafish and humans. Cell. 2010 Mar;140(5):717–730.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer-Barber KD, Sher A. Cytokine and lipid mediator networks in tuberculosis. Immunol Rev. 2015 Mar;264(1):264–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agapova A, Serafini A, Petridis M, et al. Flexible nitrogen utilisation by the metabolic generalist pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Elife. 2019 Jan;8. PMID: 30702426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Won EJ, Choi JH, Cho YN, et al. Biomarkers for discrimination between latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis disease. J Infect. 2017 Mar;74(3):281–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Della Bella C, Spinicci M, Grassi A, et al. Novel M. tuberculosis specific IL-2 ELISpot assay discriminates adult patients with active or latent tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0197825.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harth G, Horwitz MA. Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase as a novel antibiotic strategy against tuberculosis: demonstration of efficacy in vivo. Infect Immun. 2003 Jan;71(1):456–464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arora G, Chaudhary D, Kidwai S, et al. Cite Enzymes are essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to establish infection in macrophages and Guinea pigs. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8:385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eoh H, Rhee KY. Multifunctional essentiality of succinate metabolism in adaptation to hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr;110(16):6554–6559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello LC, Franklin RB. Plasma citrate homeostasis: how it is regulated; and its physiological and clinical implications. An important, but neglected, relationship in medicine. HSOA J Hum Endocrinol. 2016;1(1). PMID: 28286881.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou A, Ni J, Xu Z, et al. Application of (1)h NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics to sera of tuberculosis patients. J Proteome Res. 2013 Oct;12(10):4642–4649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somashekar BS, Amin AG, Tripathi P, et al. Metabolomic signatures in Guinea pigs infected with epidemic-associated W-Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Proteome Res. 2012 Oct;11(10):4873–4884.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiner 3rd J, Maertzdorf J, Sutherland JS, et al. Metabolite changes in blood predict the onset of tuberculosis. Nat Commun. 2018 Dec;9(1):5208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar