References
- Cooper TJ, Woodward BL, Alom S, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients: a systematic review. HIV Med. 2020 Oct;21(9):567–577.
- Tesoriero JM, Swain CE, Pierce JL, et al. COVID-19 Outcomes Among persons living With or without diagnosed HIV infection in New York state. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Feb 1;4(2):e2037069.
- Mirzaei H, McFarland W, Karamouzian M, et al. COVID-19 Among People living with HIV: A systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2021 Jan;25(1):85–92.
- Interim clinical considerations. for use of COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/clinical-considerations.html.
- Statement on COVID-19. vaccines for patients who are immunocompromised or immunosuppressed. British Society for Immunology. 2021. Available from: https://www.immunology.org/news/bsi-statement-covid-19-vaccines-for-patients-immunocompromised-immunosuppressed.
- Frater J, Ewer KJ, Ogbe A, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in HIV infection: a single-arm substudy of a phase 2/3 clinical trial. The Lancet HIV. 2021 Aug;8(8):e474–e485.
- Madhi SA, Koen AL, Izu A, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in people living with and without HIV in South Africa: an interim analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1B/2A trial. The Lancet HIV. 2021 Sep;8(9):e568–e580.
- Spinelli MA, Peluso MJ, Lynch KL, et al. Differences in post-mRNA vaccination SARS-CoV-2 IgG concentrations and surrogate virus neutralization test response by HIV status and type of vaccine: a matched case-control observational study. Clin Inf Dis. 2021 Dec 5.
- Mondi A, Cimini E, Colavita F, et al. COVID-19 in people living with HIV: Clinical implications of dynamics of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol. 2021 Mar;93(3):1796–1804.
- Levy I, Wieder-Finesod A, Litchevsky V, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in people living with HIV-1. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Dec;27(12):1851–1855.
- Ruddy JA, Boyarsky BJ, Bailey JR, et al. Safety and antibody response to two-dose SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccination in persons with HIV. AIDS (London, England). 2021 Nov 15;35(14):2399–2401.
- Nault L, Marchitto L, Goyette G, et al. Covid-19 vaccine immunogenicity in people living with HIV-1. bioRxiv. 2021. Available from: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/08/13/2021.08.13.456258.full.pdf.
- Gong C, Song X, Li X, et al. Immunological changes after COVID-19 vaccination in an HIV-positive patient. Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Apr;117:230–232.
- Ogega CO, Skinner NE, Blair PW, et al. Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease. J Clin Invest. 2021 Apr 1;131(7):e145516.
- Sakharkar M, Rappazzo CG, Wieland-Alter WF, et al. Prolonged evolution of the human B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Immunol. 2021 Feb 23;6(56):eabg6916.
- Xia S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Jan;21(1):39–51.
- Tanriover MD, Doğanay HL, Akova M, et al. Efficacy and safety of an inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac): interim results of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial in Turkey. Lancet (London, England). 2021 Jul 17;398(10296):213–222.
- Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease 2019. (COVID-19) death in a population cohort study from the western cape province, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e2005–e2015.
- Geretti AM, Stockdale AJ, Kelly SH, et al. Outcomes of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related hospitalization Among People With human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the ISARIC world health organization (WHO) Clinical characterization protocol (UK): A prospective observational study. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e2095–e2106.
- Kroon FP, van Dissel JT, Labadie J, et al. Antibody response to diphtheria, tetanus, and poliomyelitis vaccines in relation to the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Nov;21(5):1197–1203.
- Avelino-Silva VI, Miyaji KT, Hunt PW, et al. CD4/CD8 ratio and KT ratio predict yellow Fever vaccine immunogenicity in HIV-infected patients. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Dec;10(12):e0005219.
- van den Berg R, van Hoogstraten I, van Agtmael M. Non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccination in HIV seropositive patients; possible causes and solutions. AIDS Rev. 2009 Jul-Sep;11(3):157–164.
- Feng Y, Zhang Y, He Z, et al. Immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people living with HIV-1: a non-randomized cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Jan;43:101226.
- Brumme ZL, Mwimanzi F, Lapointe HR, et al. Humoral immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in people living with HIV receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy. medRxiv. 2021 Oct. doi:10.1101/2021.10.03.21264320
- Duro R, Rocha-Pereira N, Figueiredo C, et al. Routine CD4 monitoring in HIV patients with viral suppression: Is it really necessary? A Portuguese cohort. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2018 Oct;51(5):593–597.
- Deeks SG, Overbaugh J, Phillips A, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035.
- Moore RD, Keruly JC. CD4+ cell count 6 years after commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy in persons with sustained virologic suppression. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Feb 1;44(3):441–446.
- Campo F, Venuti A, Pimpinelli F, et al. Antibody Persistence 6 months post-vaccination with BNT162b2 among Health Care workers. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 3;9(10):1125.
- Levin EG, Lustig Y, Cohen C, et al. Waning immune humoral response to BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine over 6 months. N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 9;385(24):e84.
- Doria-Rose N, Suthar MS, Makowski M, et al. Antibody persistence through 6 months after the second dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine for COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jun 10;384(23):2259–2261.
- Bergwerk M, Gonen T, Lustig Y, et al. COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated health care workers. N Engl J Med. 2021 Oct 14;385(16):1474–1484.
- Lau D, Lan LY, Andrews SF, et al. Low CD21 expression defines a population of recent germinal center graduates primed for plasma cell differentiation. Sci Immunol. 2017 Jan 27;2(7):eaai8153.