Suicide attempts among Greenlandic forensic psychiatric patients – prevalence and determinants

References

• WHO. Suicide in the world: global Health Estimates. (Geneva: World Health Organization). 2019. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
   Google Scholar
• Bolliger L, Gulis G. The tragedy of becoming tired of living: youth and young adults’ suicide in Greenland and Denmark. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2018;64(4):389–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young TK, Revich B, Soininen L. Suicide in circumpolar regions: an introduction and overview. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2015;74(1):27349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Lynge I. Suicide - A challenge in modern Greenland. Arch Suicide Res. 2006;10(2):209–220.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kanchan T. Forensic Psychiatry and Forensic Psychology: suicide Predictors and Statistics. In: Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine, Second Edition ed., Vol. 2, Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd., 2015:688–700.
   Google Scholar
• Sveticic J, De Leo D. The hypothesis of a continuum in suicidality: a discussion on its validity and practical implications. Ment Illn. 2012;4(2):73–78.
   Google Scholar
• Berman M. Suicide among young Alaska native men: community risk factors and alcohol control. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(S3):329–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wexler L, Hill R, Bertone-Johnson E, et al. Correlates of Alaska Native Fatal and Nonfatal Suicidal Behaviors 1990-2001. Suicide Life-Threatening Behav. 2008 Jun;38(3):311–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uhrskov Sørensen L, Bengtson S, Lund J, et al. Mortality among male forensic and non-forensic psychiatric patients: matched cohort study of rates, predictors and causes-of-death. Nord J Psychiatry. 2020:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nexøe J, Wilche JP, Niclasen B, et al. Violence- and alcohol-related acute healthcare visits in Greenland. Scand J Public Health. 2013;41(2):113–118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkins R, Sanddal TL, Howell M, et al. Epidemiological and follow-back study of suicides in Alaska. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2009;68(3):212–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chachamovich E, Kirmayer LJ, Haggarty JM, et al. Suicide among Inuit: results from a large, epidemiologically representative follow-back study in Nunavut. Can J Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 1;60(6):268–275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Preventing suicide: a community engagement toolkit. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
   Google Scholar
• Burón P, Jimenez-Trevino L, Saiz PA, et al. Reasons for Attempted Suicide in Europe: prevalence, Associated Factors and Risk of Repetition. Arch Suicide Res. 2016;20(1):45–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grundsøe TL, Pedersen ML. Risk factors observed in health care system 6 months prior completed suicide. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2019;78(1):1617019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olano FA, Rasmussen J. Psykiatriske lidelser i Grønland. Ugeskr Læger. 2019;181:V06190345.
   Google Scholar
• Jones RM, Hales H, Butwell M, et al. Suicide in high security hospital patients. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2011;46(8):723–731.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voulgaris A, Kose N, Konrad N, et al. Prison suicide in comparison to suicide events in forensic psychiatric hospitals in Germany. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazel S, Baillargeon J. The health of prisoners. Lancet. 2011;377(9769):956–965.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundheds- og Ældreministeriet. Mulige årsager til udviklingen i antallet af retspsykiatriske patienter samt viden om indsatser for denne gruppe. København: Sundheds- og Ældreministeriet; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Latimer J, Lawrence A. The review board systems in Canada: overview of results from the Mentally Disordered Accused Data Collection Study. Ottawa (ON): Research and Statistics Division / Department of Justice Canada; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Kriminalforsorgen. Statistik 2019. Copenhagen: Direktoratet for Kriminalforsorgen; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Jakobsen AS, Pedersen ML. Schizophrenia in Greenland. Dan Med J. 2021;68(2):1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Departementet for Sundhed og Infrastruktur. National strategi for selvmordsforebyggelse i Grønland 2013-2019. Nuuk: Naalakkersuisut; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Niclasen B, Mulvad G. Health care and health care delivery in Greenland. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2010;69(5):437–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard P, Larsen CVL. Time trend by region of suicides and suicidal thoughts among Greenland inuit. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2015;74(1):1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen J. Grønlands Videnskabshistorie - Den Juridiske Ekspedition-et studie i Grønlands retsforhold. Arkt Forskningsjournal. 2010;2:255–272.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen FB. Greenland criminal justice: the adaptation of western law. Int J Comp Appl Crim Justice. 1996;20(2):277–290.
   Google Scholar
• Lauritsen AN. Den store grønlandske indespærring. Dansk Sociol. 2014;25(4):35–53.
   Google Scholar
• Grønland - Kriminalforsorgen [Internet]. [accessed 2022 Feb 01]. Available from: https://www.kriminalforsorgen.dk/om-os/kriminalforsorgens-opgaver/groenland/
   Google Scholar
• Kramp P. Retspsykiatri. 1. udgave. Kbh: GadJura; 1996. p. 395 sider.
   Google Scholar
• § 809. The Danish Civil Procedure Code (Retsplejeloven). Denmark: Ministry of Justice; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Folketingets Sundhedsudvalg. Sundhedsudvalgets spørgsmål til sundhedsministren 29.03.2000 [Internet]. [accessed 2022 Feb 01]. Available from: http://webarkiv.ft.dk/?/samling/19991/udvbilag/suu/almdel_bilag684.htm
   Google Scholar
• Chaimowitz G, Moulden H, Upfold C, et al. Ontario forensic mental health system: a population-based review. Can J Psychiatry. 2021 Jun;7067437211023103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bille-Brahe U, Schmidtke A, Kerkhof AJ, et al. Background and introduction to the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide. Crisis. 1995;16(2):72–79.
   Google Scholar
• Michel K, Ballinari P, Bille-Brahe U, et al. Methods used for parasuicide: results of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2000;35(4):156–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: release 15. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen CVL, Hansen CB, Ingemann C, et al. Befolkningsundersøgelsen i Grønland 2018. Levevilkår, livsstil og helbred. Statens Institut for Folkesundhed, SDU. 2019;30:62.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser SL, Geoffroy D, Chachamovich E, et al. Changing rates of suicide ideation and attempts among Inuit youth: a gender-based analysis of risk and protective factors. Suicide Life-Threatening Behav. 2015;45(2):141–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehti V, Niemelä S, Hoven C, et al. Mental health, substance use and suicidal behaviour among young indigenous people in the Arctic: a systematic review. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(8):1194–1203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloch LH, Drachmann GH, Pedersen ML. High prevalence of medicine-induced attempted suicides among females in Nuuk, Greenland, 2008-2009. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2013;72(1):21687.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sargeant H, Forsyth R, Pitman A. The Epidemiology of Suicide in Young Men in Greenland: a Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov;15(11):2442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynge I, Jacobsen J. Schizophrenia in Greenland: a follow‐up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1995;91(6):414–422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis T, Larsen FB, Helweg-Larsen K, et al. Violence, sexual abuse and health in Greenland. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2002;61(2):110–122.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Donnell OO, House A, Waterman M. The co-occurrence of aggression and self-harm : systematic literature review. J Affect Disord. 2015;175:325–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grove O, Lynge J. Suicide and attempted suicide in Greenland: a controlled study in Nuuk (Godthåb). Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1979;60(4):375–391.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorslund J Youth suicide and problems with modernization among Inuit in Greenland (Ungdomsselvmord og moderniseringsproblemer blandt Inuit i Grønland). Thesis. Roskilde Universitetscente, SOCPOL; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Leineweber M, Arensman E. Culture change and mental health: the epidemiology of suicide in Greenland. Arch Suicide Res. 2003;7(1):41–50.
   Google Scholar
• Goodfellow B, Kõlves K, de Leo D. Contemporary Nomenclatures of Suicidal Behaviors: a Systematic Literature Review. Suicide Life-Threatening Behav. 2018;48(3):353–366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen CP, Mikkelsen AKT. Methods and rates in relation to age and gender in two regions of Denmark. Center for Selvmordsforskning. 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Salize HJ, Lepping P, Dressing H. How harmonized are we? Forensic mental health legislation and service provision in the European Union. Crim Behav Ment Heal. 2005;15(3):143–147.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar