The “Principal Officials Accountability System”: its underdevelopment as a system of ministerial government

References

• Aberbach, J. D., Putnam, R. D., & Rockman, B. A. (1981). Bureaucrats and politicians in western democracies. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Apple Daily. (2004a). 我當然不及司長權威 [I am not as authoritative as the Chief Secretary], 8 March. Accessible at http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20040308/3901613.
   Google Scholar
• Apple Daily. (2004b). 林鄭月娥降職外調英倫 [Carrie Lam demoted to London], 30 April. Accessible at http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20040430/4016188.
   Google Scholar
• APSC (Australian Public Service Commission). (2012). Parliamentary reports. Accessible at http://www.apsc.gov.au/publications-and-media/parliamentary.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government. (1999). Public Service Act 1999. Accessible at https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00310.
   Google Scholar
• Brewer, B., Leung, J. Y. H., & Scott, I. (2014). Values in perspective: Administrative ethics and the Hong Kong public servant re-visited. Administration and Society, 46, 915–918.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns, J., & Li, W. (2015). The impact of external change on civil service values in post-colonial Hong Kong. The China Quarterly, 222, 522–546.10.1017/S0305741015000405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns, J., Li, W., & Peters, B. G. (2013). Changing governance structures and the evolution of Public Service Bargains in Hong Kong. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 79, 131–148.10.1177/0020852312467614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, C., & Wilson, G. (1995). The end of Whitehall: Death of a paradigm?. London: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Canadian Government. (2005). Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act 2005. Accessible at http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/P-31.9/.
   Google Scholar
• Carey, M. P. (2011). The senior executive service: Background and options for reform ( Report no. R41801). Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
   Google Scholar
• Cheung, C. Y. (2011). How political accountability undermines public service ethics: The case of Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary China, 20, 219–239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chief Executive’s Office. (2012). Code for officials under the political appointment system. Accessible at http://www.cmab.gov.hk/doc/issues/code_en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Civil Service Bureau. (2009). Civil service code. Accessible at http://www.csb.gov.hk/english/admin/conduct/files/CSCode_e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. E. (1988). The politics of the U.S. cabinet: Representation in the executive branch 1789-1984. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, S. N. G. (1977). One brand of politics rekindled. Hong Kong Law Journal, 7, 44–101.
   Google Scholar
• Eastweek. (2014). 與林鄭心結難解　楊立門提早離官場 [Feud with Carrie Lam, Raymond young retires early from government], 29 January. Accessible at http://eastweek.my-magazine.me/main/31377.
   Google Scholar
• Gov.UK. (1998). Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. Accessible at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/23.
   Google Scholar
• Gov.UK. (2010). Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010. Accessible at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/25/contents.
   Google Scholar
• Gov.UK. (2014). The positive neutrality of civil servants. Accessible at https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/the-positive-neutrality-of-civil-servants.
   Google Scholar
• Gov.UK. (2015). The civil service code. Accessible at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/civil-service-code/the-civil-service-code.
   Google Scholar
• Hennessy, P. (1989). Whitehall. London: Harvill Secker.
   Google Scholar
• HKSAR Legislative Council. (2014). Panel on information technology and broadcasting meeting on 22 July 2014 updated background brief on applications for domestic free television programme service licences. Accessible at http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/itb/papers/itb0722cb4-826-4-e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HKSAR Legislative Council. (2017). Supplemental report of the public accounts committee on Report No. 67 of the director of audit on the results of value for money audits April 2017, Part 4. Accessible at http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr16-17/english/pac/reports/67a/m_4.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HKSARG (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government). (2002). Accountability system for principal officials. Paper provided by the Constitutional Affairs Bureau to Legislative Council. Accessible at http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr01-02/english/panels/ca/papers/ca0418cb2-paper-e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HKSARG. (2007a). Report on further development of the political appointment system. Accessible at http://www.cmab.gov.hk/doc/issues/report_en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HKSARG. (2007b). Report of the commission of inquiry on allegations relating to the Hong Kong institute of education. Accessible at http://www.commissionofinquiry.gov.hk/pdf/Commission%20Report_e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HKSARGD (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government Directory). (2017). Accessible at http://tel.directory.gov.hk/index_ENG.html?accept_disclaimer=yes.
   Google Scholar
• HKUPOP (University of Hong Kong Public Opinion Programme). (2017). Summary table of hypothetical voting of principal officials. Accessible at https://www.hkupop.hku.hk/english/popexpress/poall/sumvote/datatables/datatables163.html.
   Google Scholar
• Ho, A. (2017). 香港家書: 通訊事務管理局前主席何沛謙──政府拒發牌予港視無滿意解釋 [Letter to Hong Kong: Former chairman of the communications authority Ambrose Ho: The government failed to give a satisfactory explanation on the rejection of licence application to HKTV Networks]. Accessible at http://www.rthk.hk/radio/radio1/programme/hkletter/episode/429753.
   Google Scholar
• King, A. Y. C. (1975). Administrative absorption of politics in Hong Kong. Asian Survey, 15, 422–439.10.2307/2643255
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingdom, J. (2014). Government and politics in Britain. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lam, W. F. (2005). Coordinating the government bureaucracy in Hong Kong: An institutional analysis. Governance, 18, 633–654.10.1111/gove.2005.18.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, E. W. Y. (1999). Governing post-colonial Hong Kong: Institutional incongruity, governance crisis, and authoritarianism. Asian Survey, 39, 940–959.10.1525/as.1999.39.issue-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lui, T. T., & Cooper, T. L. (1997). Values in flux: Administrative ethics and the Hong Kong public servant. Administration & Society, 29, 301–324.10.1177/009539979702900303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura, A. (2005). The debilitating power of Japan’s central government bureaucrats in civil service reform: Reality or fallacy? In A. B. L. Cheung (Ed.), Public service reform in East Asia: Reform issues and challenges in Japan, Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong (pp. 19–38). Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ng, J. (2016). Lawyers question power of returning officers to disqualify Hong Kong poll candidates. South China Morning Post, 3 August. Accessible at http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1998842/lawyers-question-power-returning-officers-disqualify-hong.
   Google Scholar
• Peters, B. G. (2010). The politics of bureaucracy: An introduction to comparative public administration (6th ed.). New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Project Citizenship Foundation. (2016). Project citizens forum: Governance in Hong Kong – Are the pillars crumbling?, 26 November. Accessible at http://www.projectcitizens.hk/en/content/project-citizens-forum-governance-hong-kong-are-pillars-crumbling.
   Google Scholar
• SCMP (South China Morning Post). (2013). Thousands protest to “defend Hong Kong’s core values” after failed HKTV licence bid, 21 October. Accessible at http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1336074/thousands-protest-defend-hong-kongs-core-values-after-failed-hktv.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, I. (2011). How politicized is the Hong Kong civil service? Centre for governance and citizenship ( Working Paper Series No. 2011/006). Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Institute of Education.
   Google Scholar
• Streeck, W., & Thelen, K. A. (2005). Beyond continuity: Institutional change in advanced political economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Suleiman, E. (2005). Dismantling democratic states. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Svara, J. H. (2001). The myth of the dichotomy: Complementarity of politics and administration in the past and future of public administration. Public Administration Review, 61, 176–183.10.1111/puar.2001.61.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ‘t Hart, P., & Wille, A. (2006). Ministers and top officials in the Dutch core executive: Living together, growing apart? Public Administration, 84, 121–146.10.1111/padm.2006.84.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TWSJ (The Wall Street Journal). (2012). Protest over “brainwashing” schools, 2 September. Accessible at https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2012/09/02/thousands-protest-hong-kongs-moral-and-national-education-push/.
   Google Scholar
• UK Civil Service. (2017). The constitutional position of UK civil servants. Accessible at http://www.civilservant.org.uk/the_westminster_model-detail.html.
   Google Scholar
• US Government. (1989). Whistleblower Protection Act 1989. Accessible at https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-103/pdf/STATUTE-103-Pg16.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Weaver, M. (2009). Quarantine brings love in the time of swine flu at Hong Kong hotel. The Guardian, 8 May. Accessible at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/08/swine-flu-hotel-hong-kong.
   Google Scholar
• Yeung, C. (2013). Leung to pay huge price in TV licence farce. Hong Kong Economic Journal, 28 October. Accessible at https://forum.hkej.com/node/106927.
   Google Scholar
• Yeung, R. (2016). Parents anger over continued drilling for TSA exams. South China Morning Post, 20 June. Accessible at http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/1978131/parents-anger-over-continued-drilling-tsa-exams.
   Google Scholar