References
- AHEAD. (2012, October). Supporting accommodation requests: Guidance on documentation practices. Association on Higher Education and Disability.
- Aita, S. L., Sofko, C. A., Hill, B. D., Musso, M. W., & Boettcher, A. C. (2018). Utility of the personality assessment inventory in detecting feigned attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): The feigned adult ADHD index. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 33(7), 832–844. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acx113
- American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2007). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 894–921.
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). APA.
- Berry, D. T., & Schipper, L. J. (2007). Detection of feigned psychiatric symptoms during forensic neuropsychological examinations. In G. J. Larrabee (Ed.), Assessment of malingered neuropsychological deficits (pp. 226–263). Oxford University Press.
- Bianchini, K. J., Mathias, C. W., & Greve, K. W. (2001). Symptom validity testing: A critical review. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 15(1), 19–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1076/clin.15.1.19.1907
- Boone, K. B. (2012). Clinical practice of forensic neuropsychology: An evidence-based approach. Guilford Press.
- Clegg, C., Fremouw, W., & Mogge, N. (2009). Utility of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) and the Assessment of Depression Inventory (ADI) in screening for malingering among outpatients seeking to claim disability. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 20(2), 239–254. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14789940802267760
- Dandachi-FitzGerald, B., Ponds, R. W., & Merten, T. (2013). Symptom validity and neuropsychological assessment: A survey of practices and beliefs of neuropsychologists in six European countries. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 28(8), 771–783. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/act073
- De Marchi, B., & Balboni, G. (2018). Detecting malingering mental illness in forensics: Known-group comparison and simulation design with MMPI-2, SIMS and NIM. PeerJ, 6, e5259. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5259
- Epstein, J. N., & Loren, R. E. (2013). Changes in the definition of ADHD in DSM-5: Subtle but important. Neuropsychiatry, 3(5), 455–458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2217/npy.13.59
- Fuermaier, A. B., Tucha, O., Koerts, J., Send, T. S., Weisbrod, M., Aschenbrenner, S., & Tucha, L. (2018). Is motor activity during cognitive assessment an indicator for feigned attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 40(10), 971–986. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1457139
- Giromini, L., Viglione, D. J., Pignolo, C., & Zennaro, A. (2018). A clinical comparison, simulation study testing the validity of SIMS and IOP-29 with an Italian sample. Psychological Injury and Law, 11(4), 340–350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-018-9314-1
- Harrison, A. G., Edwards, M. J., & Parker, K. C. (2007). Identifying students faking ADHD: Preliminary findings and strategies for detection. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22(5), 577–588. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acn.2007.03.008
- Harrison, A. G., Harrison, K. A., & Armstrong, I. T. (2019). Discriminating malingered attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from genuine symptom reporting using novel Personality Assessment Inventory validity measures. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2019.1702043
- Heilbronner, R. L., Sweet, J. J., Morgan, J. E., Larrabee, G. J., Millis, S. R., & Conference, P. (2009). American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology Consensus Conference Statement on the neuropsychological assessment of effort, response bias, and malingering. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23(7), 1093–1129. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13854040903155063
- Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(Pt 2), 227–239. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505X29657
- Larrabee, G. J. (2008). Aggregation across multiple indicators improves the detection of malingering: Relationship to likelihood ratios. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 22(4), 666–679. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13854040701494987
- Larrabee, G. J., & Berry, D. T. (2007). Diagnostic classification statistics and diagnostic validity of malingering assessments. In G. J. Larrabee (Ed.), Assessment of malingered neuropsychological deficits (pp. 14–26). Oxford University Press.
- Laurent, R. L., Gfeller, J. D., & Schulze, E. T. (2013). Using the Test of Variables of Attention to detect feigned impairment in college students simulating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 27(4), 573.
- Lovett, B. J., & Lewandowski, L. J. (2015). Testing accommodations for students with disabilities: Research-based practice. American Psychological Association.
- Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343.
- Marshall, P., Schroeder, R., O'Brien, J., Fischer, R., Ries, A., Blesi, B., & Barker, J. (2010). Effectiveness of symptom validity measures in identifying cognitive and behavioral symptom exaggeration in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 24(7), 1204–1237. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2010.514290
- Martin, P. K., Schroeder, R. W., & Odland, A. P. (2015). Neuropsychologists’ validity testing beliefs and practices: A survey of North American professionals. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 29(6), 741–776. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2015.1087597
- Meeks, L. M., Case, B., Herzer, K., Plegue, M., & Swenor, B. K. (2019). Change in prevalence of disabilities and accommodation practices among US medical schools, 2016 vs 2019. JAMA, 322(20), 2022–2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.15372
- Merckelbach, H., & Smith, G. P. (2003). Diagnostic accuracy of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) in detecting instructed malingering. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18(2), 145–152. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/18.2.145
- Miller, H. A. (2001). Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test (MFAST). Psychological Assessment Resources.
- Mogge, N. L., & LePage, J. P. (2004). The Assessment of Depression Inventory (ADI): A new instrument used to measure depression and to detect honesty of response. Depression and Anxiety, 20(3), 107–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20033
- Monaro, M., Toncini, A., Ferracuti, S., Tessari, G., Vaccaro, M. G., De Fazio, P., Pigato, G., Meneghel, T., Scarpazza, C., & Sartori, G. (2018). The detection of malingering: A new tool to identify made-up depression. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 249. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00249
- Musso, M. W., & Gouvier, W. D. (2014). “Why Is This So Hard?”: A review of detection of malingered ADHD in college students. Journal of Attention Disorders, 18(3), 186–201. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054712441970
- Nijdam-Jones, A., & Rosenfeld, B. (2017). Cross-cultural feigning assessment: A systematic review of feigning instruments used with linguistically, ethnically, and culturally diverse sample. Psychological Assessment, 29(11), 1321–1336. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000438
- Osman, A., Wong, J. L., Bagge, C. L., Freedenthal, S., Gutierrez, P. M., & Lozano, G. (2012). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21): Further examination of dimensions, scale reliability, and correlates. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(12), 1322–1338. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21908
- Parks, A. C., Gfeller, J., Emmert, N., & Lammert, H. (2017). Detecting feigned postconcussional and posttraumatic stress symptoms with the structured inventory of malingered symptomatology (SIMS). Applied Neuropsychology. Adult, 24(5), 429–438. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2016.1189426
- Quinn, C. A. (2003). Detection of malingering in assessment of adult ADHD. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18(4), 379–395. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/18.4.379
- Rabiner, D. L., Anastopoulos, A. D., Costello, E. J., Hoyle, R. H., McCabe, S. E., & Swartzwelder, H. S. (2009). Motives and perceived consequences of nonmedical ADHD medication use by college students are students treating themselves for attention problems? Journal of Attention Disorders, 13(3), 259–270. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054708320399
- Robison, L. M., Sclar, D. A., Skaer, T. L., & Galin, R. S. (1999). National trends in the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the prescribing of methylphenidate among school-age children: 1990-1995. Clinical Pediatrics, 38(4), 209–217. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/000992289903800402
- Ruiz, M. A., Drake, E. B., Glass, A., Marcotte, D., & van Gorp, W. G. (2002). Trying to beat the system: Misuse of the Internet to assist in avoiding the detection of psychological symptom dissimulation. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33(3), 294–299. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.33.3.294
- Sagar, S., Miller, C. J., & Erdodi, L. A. (2017). Detecting feigned Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Current methods and future directions. Psychological Injury and Law, 10(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-017-9286-6
- Smith, G. P., & Burger, G. K. (1997). Detection of malingering: Validation of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS). Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 25(2), 183–189.
- Sollman, M. J., Ranseen, J. D., & Berry, D. T. (2010). Detection of feigned ADHD in college students. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 325–335. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018857
- Sopko, K., Gfeller, J. D., Vander Wal, J., & Roskos, P. T. (2012, May). Detecting persons coached to feign attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reading disability [Poster presentation]. Poster presented at the Association for Psychological Science conference, Chicago, IL.
- Stevens, A., Schmidt, D., & Hautzinger, M. (2018). Major depression – A study on the validity of clinicians’ diagnoses in medicolegal assessment. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 29(5), 794–809. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2018.1477974
- Suhr, J. A., & Berry, D. T. (2017). The importance of assessing for validity of symptom report and performance in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Introduction to the special section on noncredible presentation in ADHD. Psychological Assessment, 29(12), 1427–1428. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000535
- Suhr, J. A., & Gunstad, J. (2007). Coaching and malingering: A review. In G. J. Larrabee (Ed.), Assessment of malingered neuropsychological deficits (pp. 287–311). Oxford University Press.
- Sullivan, B. K., May, K., & Galbally, L. (2007). Symptom exaggeration by college adults in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disorder assessments. Applied Neuropsychology, 14(3), 189–207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09084280701509083
- van Impelen, A., Merckelbach, H., Jelicic, M., & Merten, T. (2014). The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS): A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 28(8), 1336–1365. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2014.984763
- Wender, P. H. (1998). Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59, 76–79.
- Widows, M. R., & Smith, G. P. (2005). Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.