References
- Abdollahpour, I., Nedjat, S., & Salimi, Y. (2018). Positive aspects of caregiving and caregiver burden: a study of caregivers of patients with dementia. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 31(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0891988717743590
- Abdollahpour, I., Noroozian, M., Nedjat, S., & Majdzadeh, R. (2012). Caregiver burden and its determinants among the family members of patients with dementia in Iran. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 3(8), 544–551. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429801/
- Adelman, R. D., Tmanova, L. L., Delgado, D., Dion, S., & Lachs, M. S. (2014). Caregiver burden: A clinical review. JAMA, 311(10), 1052–1059. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.304
- Alzheimer’s Association. (2020). 2020 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s and Dementia, 16(3), 391–460. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12068
- American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.
- Ames, D., O’Brien, J., & Burns, A. S. (2017). Dementia (fifth). CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
- Ankri, J., Andrieu, S., Beaufils, B., Grand, A., & Henrard, J. C. (2005). Beyond the global score of the Zarit Burden Interview: Useful dimensions for clinicians. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(3), 254–260. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1275.
- Ansari, N. N., Naghdi, S., Hasson, S., Valizadeh, L., & Jalaie, S. (2010). Validation of a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the Persian population: A pilot study. Applied Neuropsychology, 17(3), 190–195. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09084282.2010.499773.
- Arai, Y., Zarit, S. H., Sugiura, M., & Washio, M. (2002). Patterns of outcome of caregiving for the impaired elderly: A longitudinal study in rural Japan. Aging & Mental Health, 6(1), 39–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860120101059.
- Bagherbeik Tabrizi, L., Navab, E., Farokhnezhad Afshar, P., Asadi Noghabi, A. A., & Haghani, H. (2015). Effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on burden of family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Tums-Hayat, 21(1), 94–102. http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/article-1-1058-en.html.
- Baharudin, A. D., Din, N. C., Subramaniam, P., & Razali, R. (2019). The associations between behavioral-psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and coping strategy, burden of care and personality style among low-income caregivers of patients with dementia. BMC Public Health, 19(S4), 447. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6868-0.
- Biglari Abhari, M., Fisher, J. W., Kheiltash, A., & Nojomi, M. (2018). Validation of the Persian version of spiritual well-being questionnaires. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 43(3), 276–285. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5993904/
- Bom, J., Bakx, P., Schut, F., & Van Doorslaer, E. (2019). The impact of informal caregiving for older adults on the health of various types of caregivers: A systematic review. The Gerontologist, 59(5), e629–e642. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny137.
- Brimblecombe, N., Fernandez, J.-L., Knapp, M., Rehill, A., & Wittenberg, R. (2018). Unpaid care in England: Future patterns and potential support strategies. London School of Economics and Political Science. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/90215
- Bufford, R. K., Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1991). Norms for the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 19(1), 56–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/009164719101900106
- Census 2016. (2016). Iran data portal. The Statistical Center of Iran. https://irandataportal.syr.edu/census/census-2016.
- Chan, C. L. F., & Chui, E. W. T. (2011). Association between cultural factors and the caregiving burden for Chinese spousal caregivers of frail elderly in Hong Kong. Aging & Mental Health, 15(4), 500–509. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.536139.
- Chan, T. S.-F., Lam, L. C.-W., & Chiu, H. F.-K. (2005). Validation of the Chinese version of the Zarit Burden Interview. Hong Kong Journal of Psychiatry, 15(1), 9–13.
- Chaobankrang, C., Anothaisintawee, T., Kittichai, K., & Boongird, C. (2019). Predictors of depression among thai family caregivers of Dementia patients in primary care. International Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Research, 3, 7–13.
- Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources. https://books.google.nl/books?id=H_jXtgAACAAJ
- Cummings, J. L., Mega, M., Gray, K., Rosenberg-Thompson, S., Carusi, D. A., & Gornbein, J. (1994). The neuropsychiatric inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia. Neurology, 44(12), 2308–2314. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.44.12.2308.
- Cummings, J. L. (1997). The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Assessing psychopathology in dementia patients. Neurology, 48(Issue 5, Supplement 6), 10S–16S. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.48.5_suppl_6.10s.
- Dauphinot, V., Ravier, A., Novais, T., Delphin-Combe, F., Mouchoux, C., & Krolak-Salmon, P. (2016). Risk factors of caregiver burden evolution, for patients with subjective cognitive decline or neurocognitive disorders: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(11), 1037–1043. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.003.
- Dein, S. (2005). Spirituality, psychiatry and participation: A cultural analysis. Transcultural Psychiatry, 42(4), 526–544. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461505058909
- Donaldson, C., & Burns, A. (1999). Burden of Alzheimer's disease: Helping the patient and caregiver. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 12(1), 21–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/089198879901200106.
- Duggleby, W., Williams, A., Ghosh, S., Moquin, H., Ploeg, J., Markle-Reid, M., & Peacock, S. (2016). Factors influencing changes in health related quality of life of caregivers of persons with multiple chronic conditions. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 14(1), 81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0486-7.
- Dunkin, J. J., & Anderson-Hanley, C. (1998). Dementia caregiver burden: A review of the literature and guidelines for assessment and intervention. Neurology, 51(1 Suppl 1), S53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.51.1_suppl_1.s53.
- El Razek, Y. A., Sabry, W., Hendawy, H., Hegazy, D., Soultan, M., & El Banna, M. (2019). Prevalence and correlates of psychiatric morbidity in Egyptian sample of dementia patients’ caregivers: A comparative descriptive study. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 26(1), 6. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-019-0006-7.
- Feast, A., Moniz-Cook, E., Stoner, C., Charlesworth, G., & Orrell, M. (2016). A systematic review of the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) and caregiver well-being. International Psychogeriatrics, 28(11), 1761–1774. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216000922.
- Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
- Freedman, V. A., & Spillman, B. C. (2014). Disability and care needs among older Americans. The Milbank Quarterly, 92(3), 509–541. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12076.
- Garousi Farshi, M., Mehryar, A. H., & Ghazi Tabatabaei, M. (2001). Application of the NEO-PI-R Tet and analytic evaluation of its characteristics and factorial structure among Iranian University students. Journal of Humanities, 11(39), 173–198. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=21764.
- Gaugler, J. E., Kane, R. L., Kane, R. A., Clay, T., & Newcomer, R. (2003). Caregiving and institutionalization of cognitively impaired older people: Utilizing dynamic predictors of change. The Gerontologist, 43(2), 219–229. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.2.219.
- Gerdner, L. A., Tripp-Reimer, T., & Simpson, H. C. (2007). Hard Lives, God's help, and struggling through: Caregiving in Arkansas Delta. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 22(4), 355–374. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10823-007-9047-1.
- González-Abraldes, I., Millán-Calenti, J. C., Lorenzo-López, L., & Maseda, A. (2013). The influence of neuroticism and extraversion on the perceived burden of dementia caregivers: An exploratory study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 56(1), 91–95. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.07.011.
- Green, C. (2015). Depression and spiritual predictors of wellness in family caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Doctor of Psychology (PsyD). https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/psyd/175.
- Hébert, R., Bravo, G., & Préville, M. (2000). Reliability, validity and reference values of the Zarit Burden Interview for assessing informal caregivers of community-dwelling older persons with dementia. La Revue Canadienne du Vieillissement [Canadian Journal on Aging] 19(4), 494–507. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980800012484.
- Hussain, A., & Chaman, S. (2016). Combined effect of personality traits and collectivistic culture on employee’s job stress in banking sector. International Journal of Arts & Sciences, 9(3), 311.
- Jackson, C. (2006). The general health questionnaire. Occupational Medicine, 57(1), 79–79. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kql169.
- Joshanloo, M., Rastegar, P., & Bakhshi, A. (2012). The Big Five personality domains as predictors of social wellbeing in Iranian university students. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29(5), 639–660. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407512443432
- Kamalzadeh, L., Moghaddamnia, M., Malakouti, S. K., Rashedi, V., Bahrampour, S., Sharifi, N., Talebi, M., Sina, F., & Shariati, B. (2019). Prevalence of dementia among older patients: A hospital-based study in Iran. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 34(7–8), 500–506. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317519848234.
- Kamalzadeh, L., Nayeri, V., Soraya, S., Shariat, S. V., & Alavi, K. (2016). Determining test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the Persian version of personality inventory for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5th edition (PID-5). Journal of Isfahan Medical School (I.U.M.S), 34(393), 901–907. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=528108
- Karlikaya, G., Yukse, G., Varlibas, F., & Tireli, H. (2005). Caregiver burden in dementia: A study in the Turkish population. The Internet Journal of Neurology, 4(2), 12–26.
- Kim, H., Chang, M., Rosé, K., & Kim, S. (2012). Predictors of caregiver burden in caregivers of individuals with dementia. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(4), 846–855. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05787.x
- Kim, S. K., Park, M., Lee, Y., Choi, S. H., Moon, S. Y., Seo, S. W., Park, K. W., Ku, B. D., Han, H. J., Park, K. H., Han, S.-H., Kim, E.-J., Lee, J.-H., Park, S. A., Shim, Y. S., Kim, J. H., Hong, C. H., Na, D. L., Ye, B. S., Kim, H. J., & Moon, Y. (2017). Influence of personality on depression, burden, and health-related quality of life in family caregivers of persons with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 29(2), 227–237. (Issue Cambridge University Press). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216001770
- Kiwi, M., Hydén, L.-C., & Antelius, E. (2018). Deciding upon transition to residential care for persons living with dementia: Why do Iranian family caregivers living in Sweden cease caregiving at home? Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 33(1), 21–42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10823-017-9337-1.
- Koerner, S. S., Kenyon, D. B., & Shirai, Y. (2009). Caregiving for elder relatives: Which caregivers experience personal benefits/gains? Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 48(2), 238–245. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2008.01.015.
- Leong, F. T. L. (2008). Encyclopedia of counseling. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412963978
- Malakouti, S. K., Panaghi, L., Foroughan, M., Salehi, M., & Zandi, T. (2012). Farsi version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Validity and reliability study among Iranian elderly with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 24(2), 223–230. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610211001797.
- Mausbach, B. T., Chattillion, E. A., Roepke, S. K., Patterson, T. L., & Grant, I. (2013). A comparison of psychosocial outcomes in elderly Alzheimer caregivers and noncaregivers. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2012.10.001.
- McClendon, M. J., & Smyth, K. A. (2013). Quality of informal care for persons with dementia: dimensions and correlates. Aging & Mental Health, 17(8), 1003–1015. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.805400.
- Melo, G., Maroco, J., & de Mendonça, A. (2011). Influence of personality on caregiver's burden, depression and distress related to the BPSD. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(12), 1275–1282. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2677.
- Mollaoglu, M. (2018). Caregiving and home care. InTech. https://www.intechopen.com/books/caregiving-and-home-care.
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2016). Families caring for an aging America (R. Schulz & J. Eden, Eds.). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17226/23606.
- Noorbala, A., Bagheri Yazdi, S. A., & Mohammad, K. (2009). The validation of General Health Questionnaire-28 as a psychiatric screening tool. Hakim, 11(4), 47–53. http://hakim.hbi.ir/article-1-464-en.html.
- Okamoto, K., & Harasawa, Y. (2009). Predictor of increase in caregiver burden for disabled elderly at home. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 49(1), 129–131. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2008.06.001.
- Orgeta, V., & Leung, P. (2015). Personality and dementia caring: A review and commentary. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 28(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000116.
- Ottaviani, A. C., Bregola, A. G., Terassi, M., Luchesi, B. M., Souza, É. N., de Oliveira, N. A., Fraga, F. J., & Pavarini, S. C. I. (2020). Comparison of cognitive performance and aspects of the care context in elderly caregivers in Brazil: A follow-up study. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 14(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020009
- Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being and the quality of life. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 224–236). John Wiley & Sons.
- Patterson, C. (2018). World Alzheimer report 2018 the state of the art of dementia research: New frontiers. https://www.alz.co.uk/research/WorldAlzheimerReport2018.pdf
- Prince, M., Comas-Herrera, A., Knapp, M., Guerchet, M., & Karagiannidou, M. (2016). World Alzheimer report 2016: improving healthcare for people living with dementia: coverage, quality and costs now and in the future. Alzheimer’s disease International (ADI). http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/67858/1/Comas-Herrera_WorldAlzheimerreport_2016.pdf
- Ramezani, A., Azimi Lolaty, H., Bastani, F., & Haghani, H. (2018). Family caregivers burden and its related factors among Iranian elderly psychiatric patients’ caregivers. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 12(2), e9311. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs.9311.
- Romero-Martínez, A., Ruiz-Robledillo, N., Sariñana-González, P., de Andrés-García, S., Vitoria-Estruch, S., & Moya-Albiol, L. (2017). A cognitive-behavioural intervention improves cognition in caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study. Psychosocial Intervention, 26(3), 165–170. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psi.2017.06.002.
- Romero-Martínez, Á., Hidalgo-Moreno, G., & Moya-Albiol, L. (2020). Neuropsychological consequences of chronic stress: the case of informal caregivers. Aging & Mental Health, 24(2), 259–271. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2018.1537360.
- Rosdinom, R., Norzarina, M. Z., Zanariah, M. S., & Ruzanna, Z. Z. (2011). Sociodemographic profiles of caregivers and their association with burden of care in dementia. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 20(1), 37–46.
- Salamizadeh, A., Mirzaei, T., & Ravari, A (2017). The impact of spiritual care education on the self-efficacy of the family caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 5(3), 231. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5478743/.
- Sallim, A. B., Sayampanathan, A. A., Cuttilan, A., & Chun-Man Ho, R. (2015). Prevalence of mental health disorders among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 16(12), 1034–1041. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.09.007.
- Samadi, R., Mokhber, N., Faridhosseini, F., Baghban Haghighi, M., & Assari, S. (2015). Anxiety, depression, and spirituality among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 3(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20286/ijtmgh-030137.
- Seng, B. K., Luo, N., Ng, W. Y., Lim, J., Chionh, H. L., Goh, J., & Yap, P. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Zarit Burden interview in assessing caregiving burden. Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore, 39(10), 759–763. https://www.meta.org/papers/validity-and-reliability-of-the-zarit-burden/21063635
- Sharifi, F., Fakhrzadeh, H., Varmaghani, M., Arzaghi, S. M., Khoei, M. A., Farzadfar, F., & Tanjani, P. T. (2016). Prevalence of dementia and associated factors among older adults in Iran: National Elderly Health Survey (NEHS). Archives of Iranian Medicine, 19(12), 838–844. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85006873045&partnerID=40&md5=96ca88e5a3684290988f1d06224d1b04.
- Slaboda, J., Fail, R., Norman, G., & Meier, D. E. (2018). A study of family caregiver burden and the imperative of practice change to address family caregivers’ unmet needs. Health Affairs Blog. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1377/hblog20180105.914873
- Sterling, M. (2011). General Health Questionnaire – 28 (GHQ-28). Journal of Physiotherapy, 57(4), 259. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(11)70060-1.
- Tabatabaei, S., & Rasouli, Z. (2018). The reliability and validity of Persian version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-60) in industry staff. Iran Occupational Health, 15(3), 45–54. http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2149-en.html
- Tombaugh, T. N., McDowell, I., Kristjansson, B., & Hubley, A. M. (1996). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Modified MMSE (3MS): A psychometric comparison and normative data. Psychological Assessment, 8(1), 48–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.8.1.48.
- United Nations. (2019). World population ageing, 2019 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/430). https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2019-Highlights.pdf.
- van der Lee, J., Bakker, T. J. E. M., Duivenvoorden, H. J., & Dröes, R.-M. (2014). Multivariate models of subjective caregiver burden in dementia: A systematic review. Ageing Research Reviews, 15, 76–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2014.03.003.
- Vespa, A., Spatuzzi, R., Merico, F., Ottaviani, M., Fabbietti, P., Meloni, C., Raucci, L., Ricciuti, M., Bilancia, D., Pelliccioni, G., & Giulietti, M. V. (2018). Spiritual well-being associated with personality traits and quality of life in family caregivers of cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 26(8), 2633–2640. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4107-3.
- Wang, J., Xiao, L. D., He, G. P., Ullah, S., & De Bellis, A. (2014). Factors contributing to caregiver burden in dementia in a country without formal caregiver support. Aging & Mental Health, 18(8), 986–996. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.899976.
- Williams, F., Moghaddam, N., Ramsden, S., & De Boos, D. (2019). Interventions for reducing levels of burden amongst informal carers of persons with dementia in the community. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Aging & Mental Health, 23(12), 1629–1642. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2018.1515886/
- Wolfs, C. A. G., Kessels, A., Severens, J. L., Brouwer, W., De Vugt, M. E., Verhey, F. R. J., & Dirksen, C. D. (2012). Predictive factors for the objective burden of informal care in people with dementia: A systematic review. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 26(3), 197–204. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/WAD.0b013e31823a6108.
- World Health Organization. (2017). Integrated care for older people: Guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/258981
- World Health Organization. (2019). Dementia [Fact sheet]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia.
- Yakubu, Y. A., & Schutte, D. W. (2018). Caregiver attributes and socio-demographic determinants of caregiving burden in selected low-income communities in cape town. Journal of Compassionate Health Care, 5(1), 3. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40639-018-0046-6.
- Yu, D. S. F., Cheng, S.-T., & Wang, J. (2018). Unravelling positive aspects of caregiving in dementia: An integrative review of research literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 79, 1–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.008.
- Zarit, S. H., Reever, K. E., & Bach-Peterson, J. (1980). Relatives of the impaired elderly: correlates of feelings of burden1. The Gerontologist, 20(6), 649–655. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/20.6.649.
- Zarit, S. H., Todd, P. A., & Zarit, J. M. (1986). Subjective burden of husbands and wives as caregivers: A longitudinal study1. The Gerontologist, 26(3), 260–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/26.3.260.