References
- Anthony, J. L., Williams, J. M., McDonald, R., & Francis, D. J. (2007). Phonological processing and emergent literacy in younger and older preschool children. Annals of Dyslexia, 57(2), 113–137. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-007-0008-8
- Araujo, G. F. D. S., Ferreira, T. D. L., & Ciasca, S. M. (2016). Rapid Automatized Naming in 6 and 7 years old students. Revista CEFAC, 18(2), 392–398. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216201618210615
- Bloodstein, O., & Bernstein-Ratner, N. (2008). A handbook on stuttering (6th ed.). Thomson-Delmar.
- Burger, R., & Wijnen, F. (1999). Phonological encoding and word stress in stuttering and nonstuttering subjects. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 24(2), 91–106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-730X(98)00028-X
- Byrd, C. T., Conture, E. G., & Ohde, R. N. (2007). Phonological priming in young children who stutter: Holistic versus incremental processing. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 16(1), 43–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2007/006)
- de Jong, P. F., & Vrielink, L. O. (2004). Rapid automatic naming: Easy to measure, hard to improve (quickly). Annals of Dyslexia, 54(1), 65–88. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-004-0004-1
- Denckla, M. B., & Rudel, R. G. (1976). Rapid ‘automatized’ naming (RAN): Dyslexia differentiated from other learning disabilities. Neuropsychologia, 14(4), 471–479. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(76)90075-0
- Howell, P., & Au-Yeung, J. (2002). The EXPLAN theory of fluency control applied to the diagnosis of stuttering. In E. Fave (Ed.), Clinical linguistics: Theory and applications in speech pathology and therapy (pp. 75–94). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Karniol, R. (1995). Stuttering, language, and cognition: A review and a model of stuttering as suprasegmental sentence plan alignment (SPA). Psychological Bulletin, 117(1), 104–124. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.104
- Louko, L. J., Edwards, M. L., & Conture, E. G. (1990). Phonological characteristics of young stutterers and their normally fluent peers: Preliminary observations. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 15(4), 191–210. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-730X(90)90001-9
- McClean, M. D. (1996). Lip-muscle reflexes during speech movement preparation in stutterers. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 21(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-730X(95)00058-F
- Melnick, K. S., Conture, E. G., & Ohde, R. N. (2003). Phonological priming in picture naming of young children who stutter. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR, 46(6), 1428–1443. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/111)
- Moriarty, K. E. (2011). Lexical influence on phonological processing in adults with and without stuttering [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas at Austin.
- Nippold, M. A. (2002). Stuttering and phonology: Is there an Interaction. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2002/er01)
- Pelczarski, K. M., Tendera, A., Dye, M., & Loucks, T. M. (2019). Delayed phonological encoding in stuttering: Evidence from eye tracking. Language and Speech, 62(3), 475–493. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830918785203
- Pelczarski, K. M., & Yaruss, J. S. (2014). Phonological encoding of young children who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 39, 12–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2013.10.003
- Pelczarski, K. M. (2011). Phonological processing abilities of adults who stutter [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Pittsburgh.
- Perkins, W. H., Kent, R. D., & Curlee, R. F. (1991). A theory of neuropsycholinguistic function in stuttering. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 34(4), 734–752. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3404.734
- Postma, A., & Kolk, H. (1993). The covert repair hypothesis: Prearticulatory repair processes in normal and stuttered disfluencies. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 36(3), 472–487. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3603.472
- Richels, C., Buhr, A., Conture, E., & Ntourou, K. (2010). Utterance complexity and stuttering on function words in preschool-age children who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 35(3), 314–331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2010.06.001
- Riley, G. D., & Bakker, K. (2009). Stuttering Severity Instrument: SSI-4: Pro-Ed.
- Sasisekaran, J., De Nil, L. F., Smyth, R., & Johnson, C. (2006). Phonological encoding in the silent speech of persons who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2005.11.005
- Savage, R., Pillay, V., & Melidona, S. (2007). Deconstructing rapid automatized naming: Component processes and the prediction of reading difficulties. Learning and Individual Differences, 17(2), 129–146. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2007.04.001
- Semel-Mintz, E., Wiig, E., & Secord, W. (2003). Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals. Psychological Corporation.
- Shriberg, L. D., & Kwiatkowski, J. (1994). Developmental phonological disorders I: A clinical profile. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 37(5), 1100–1126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3705.1100
- Singer, J. K., Lichtenberger, E. O., Kaufman, J. C., Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (2012). The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children—Second Edition and the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement—Second Edition. In D. P. Flanagan & P. L. Harrison (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (pp. 269–296). The Guilford Press.
- Smith, A., Sadagopan, N., Walsh, B., & Weber-Fox, C. (2010). Increasing phonological complexity reveals heightened instability in inter-articulatory coordination in adults who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 35(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2009.12.001
- Stainthorp, R., Powell, D., & Stuart, M. (2013). The relationship between rapid naming and word spelling in English. Journal of Research in Reading, 36(4), 371–388. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/JRIR.12002
- van den Bos, K. P., Zijlstra, B. J., & Lutje Spelberg, H. C. (2002). Life-span data on continuous-naming speeds of numbers, letters, colors, and pictured objects, and word-reading speed. Scientific Studies of Reading, 6(1), 25–49. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532799XSSR0601_02
- Vincent, I. (2017). Semantic and phonological encoding in adults who stutter: Silent responses to pictorial stimuli. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR, 60(9), 2537–2550. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_JSLHR-S-16-0323
- Waber, D. P., Wolff, P. H., Forbes, P. W., & Weiler, M. D. (2000). Rapid automatized naming in children referred for evaluation of heterogeneous learning problems: How specific are naming speed deficits to reading disability? Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence, 6(4), 251–261. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1076/chin.6.4.251.3137
- Wagner, R. K., & Torgesen, J. K. (1987). The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 192–212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.192
- Wagner, R. K., Torgesen, J. K., & Rashotte, C. A. (1999). Comprehensive test of phonological processing: CTOPP. Pro-Ed.
- Wolf, M., & Denckla, M. B. (2005). RAN/RAS: Rapid automatized naming and rapid alternating stimulus tests. Pro-Ed.
- Wolk, L., Edwards, M. L., & Conture, E. G. (1993). Coexistence of stuttering and disordered phonology in young children. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 36(5), 906–917. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3605.906
- Yairi, E., & Ambrose, N. G. (1999). Early childhood stuttering I: Persistency and recovery rates. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR, 42(5), 1097–1112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4205.1097