A comprehensive review on coal fly ash and its application in the construction industry

References

• ACAA. Coal Combustion Product (CCP) Production and Use Survey, 2006. www.acaa-usa.org
   Google Scholar
• ADAA, Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates. Australian Experience with CFA in Concrete: Applications and Opportunities, ADAA, Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates Australia, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Adamu, M. Development of Nanosilica Modified High-Volume Coal fly ash Roller Compacted Rubbercrete for Pavement Application. Ph.D. Civil & Environmrntal Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Adamu, M., Mohammed, B. S., & Liew, M. S. (2018). Mechanical properties and performance of high volume coal fly ash roller compacted concrete containing crumb rubber and nano silica. Construction and Building Materials, 171, 521–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamu, M., Mohammed, B. S., Shafiq, N., & Liew, M. S. (2020). Durability performance of high volume coal fly ash roller compacted concrete pavement containing crumb rubber and nano silica. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 21(12), 1437–1444. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2018.1547825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adriano, D., Page, A., Elseewi, A., Chang, A., & Straughan, I. (1980). Utilization and disposal of coal fly ash and other coal residues in terrestrial ecosystems: A review. Journal of Environmental Quality, 9(3), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1980.00472425000900030001x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aggarwal, V., Gupta, S., & Sachdeva, S. (2010). Concrete durability through high volume coal fly ash concrete (HVFC) a literature review. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2(9), 4473–4477.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmaruzzaman, M. (2010). A review on the utilization of coal fly ash. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 36(3), 327–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akinyemi, S., Gitari, W. M., Thobakgale, R., Petrik, L. F., Nyakuma, B. B., Hower, J. C., Ward, C. R., Oliveira, M. L. S., & Silva, L. F. O. (2020). Geochemical fractionation of hazardous elements in fresh and drilled weathered South African coal fly ashes. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 42(9), 2771–2788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-019-00511-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arulrajah, A., Mohammadinia, A., Horpibulsuk, S., & Samingthong, W. (2016). Influence of class F coal fly ash and curing temperature on strength development of coal fly ash-recycled concrete aggregate blends. Construction and Building Materials, 127, 743–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.10.049
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASTM C151. Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement, ASTM C151, Michigan, United States, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C618. (2019). Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete (ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States).
   Google Scholar
• Attarde, S., Marathe, S., & Sil, A. (2014). Utilization of coal fly ash in construction industries for environment management. International Journal of Environmental, 3(2), 117–121.
   Google Scholar
• Bergado, D. T., Long, P. V., & Murthy, B. S. (2002). A case study of geotextile-reinforced embankment on soft ground. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 20(6), 343–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-1144(02)00032-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhajantri, V., Krishna, P., & Jambagi, S. (2018). A brief review on coal fly ash and its use in surface engineering. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1943(1), 020028. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5029604
   Google Scholar
• Bhatt, A., Priyadarshini, S., Mohanakrishnan, A. A., Abri, A., Sattler, M., & Techapaphawit, S. (2019). Physical, chemical, and geotechnical properties of coal fly ash: A global review. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 11, e00263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00263
   Google Scholar
• Bhatt, A., Priyadarshini, S., Mohanakrishnan, A., Abri, A., Sattler, M., & Tehapaphawit, S. (2019). Physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of coal fly ash: A global review. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 11, 263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.eoo263
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, R. M. (2009). Soil stabilization with coal fly ash and rice husk ash. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, 1(3), 209–217. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.303.978&rep=rep1&type=pdf
   Google Scholar
• Celerier, H., Jouin, J., Mathivet, V., Tessier-Doyen, N., & Rossignol, S. (2018). Composition and properties of phosphoric acid-based geopolymers. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 493, 94–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2018.04.044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, E. H, Sarker, P. K, Lloyd, N, & Rangan, B. V. Shear behaviour of reinforced CFA-based geopolymer concrete beams. Presented at the 23rd Biennial Conference, Adelaide, Australia, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, W., Shaikh, F., Li, Z., Ran, W., & Hao, H. (2021). Dynamic compressive properties of high volume coal fly ash (HVCFA) concrete with nano silica. Construction and Building Materials, 301, 124352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, H., Oh, D., & Kim, K. (2005). A study on removal characteristics of heavy metals from aqueous solution by coal fly ash. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 127(1–3), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.07.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coppola, L., Coffetti, D., & Crotti, E. (2018). Plain and ultrafine coal fly ashes mortars for environmentally friendly construction materials. Sustainability, 10(3), 874. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030874
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhindsa, H. S., Sharma, R. D., & K. R. (2016). Role of CFA in improving soil physical properties and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Agricultural Science Digest, 101(36), 97. http://arccarticles.s3.amazonaws.com/arcc/Galley-Proof-D-4370.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dinesh, A., Anandhasuthan, S. E., Aravind, S., & Arjun, B. B. Experimental Investigation of high strength concrete using CFA and copper slag. Presented at the National Conference on Innovative Practices, Recyclable Materials and Energy Efficient Methods in Civil Engineering IPRME, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Draft Malawi Standard (Comesa and Sadc Harminized). Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements, BS EN 197-1, London, United Kingdom, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Drzymala, J., Gorke, J., & Wheelock, T. (2005). A flotation collector for the separation of unburned carbon from coal fly ash. Coal Preparation, 25(2), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/07349340590927404
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, A. L., Kátia, D., Marcos, L. S. O., Elba, C. T., Ismael, L. S., & S, L. F. O. (2019). Hazardous Elements and Amorphous Nanoparticles in Historical Estuary Coal Mining Area. Geoscience Frontiers, 10(3), 927–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2018.05.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dwivedi, A., & Jain, M. K. (2014). Coal fly ash–waste management and overview: A Review. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 6(1), 30–35. http://recent-science.com/
   Google Scholar
• Feng, J., Liu, S., & Wang, Z. (2015). Effect of ultrafine CFAon the properties of high strength concrete. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 121(3), 1213–1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-4567-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelman, R. B., Wolfe, A., & Hendryx, M. S. (2021). The future environmental and health impacts of coal. Energy Geoscience, 2(2), 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engeos.2020.11.001
   Google Scholar
• Freeman, E., Gao, Y.-M., Hurt, R., & Suuberg, E. (1997). Interactions of carbon-containing coal fly ash with commercial air-entraining admixtures for concrete. Fuel, 76(8), 761–765. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(96)00193-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, Y. L., Zhou, S. Q., & Yin, J. (2006). Integrated utilization of ultra-fine coal fly ash—Fluoro gypsum for highway repair. In Key engineering materials (Vol. 302, pp. 255–262). Trans Tech Publ.
   Google Scholar
• Gasparotto, J., Chaves, P. R., da Boit Martinello, K., Oliveira, L. F. S., Gelain, D. P., & Moreira, J. C. F. (2019). Obesity associated with coal ash inhalation triggers systemic inflammation and oxidative damage in the hippocampus of rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 133, 110766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2019.110766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glasby, T., Day, J., Genrich, R., & Aldred, J. (2015). EFC geopolymer concrete aircraft pavements at Brisbane West Wellcamp Airport. Concrete, 2015, 1–9. https://www.geopolymer.org/wp-content/uploads/GP-AIRPORT.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Güneyisi, E. (2010). Fresh properties of self-compacting rubberized concrete incorporated with coal fly ash. Materials and Structures, 43(8), 1037–1048. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-009-9564-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haider, U., Bittnar, Z., Kopecky, L., Šmilauer, V., Pokorny, J., Zaleska, M., Prošek, Z., & Hrbek, V. (2016). Determining the role of individual coal fly ash particles in influencing the variation in the overall physical morphological and chemical properties of coal fly ash. Acta Polytechnica, 56(4), 256–282. https://doi.org/10.14311/AP.2016.56.0265
   Google Scholar
• Harris, T., & Wheelock, T. D. (2008). Process conditions for the separation of carbon from coal fly ash by froth flotation. International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 28(3), 133–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392690802098446
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, X. Y., Huang, J. X., Su, Y., Yang, J., Zheng, Z. Q., Zhang, C., Wang, X. J., & Strnadel, B. (2019). MechanicalandTransport Properties of High volume Ultrafine CFA cement composites. Key Engineering Materials, 810(143–148), 810. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.810.143
   Google Scholar
• Hemalatha, T., & Ramaswamy, A. (2017). A review on coal fly ash characteristics–Towards promoting high volume utilization in developing sustainable concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 147, 546–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herath, C., Gunasekara, C., Law, D. W., & Setunge, S. (2021). Long term mechanical performance of nano-engineered high volume coal fly ash concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 43, 103168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103168
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosan, A., & Shaikh, F. U. A. (2021). Compressive strength development and durability properties of high volume slag and slag-coal fly ash blended concretes containing nano-CaCO3. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 10, 1310–1322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.01.001
   Google Scholar
• Jala, S., & Goyal, D. (2006). Coal fly ash as a soil ameliorant for improving crop production—a review. Bioresource Technology, 97(9), 1136–1147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.09.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph, B., & Mathew, G. (2012). Influence of aggregate content on the behavior of coal fly ash based geopolymer concrete. Scientia Iranica, 19(5), 1188–1194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scient.2012.07.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karaşin, A., & Doğruyol, M. (2014). An experimental study on strength and durability for utilization of coal fly ash in concrete mix. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/417514
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelechi, S. E., Adamu, M., Mohammed, A., Ibrahim, Y. E., & Obianyo, I. I. (2022). Durability performance of self compacting concrete containing crumb rubber, coal fly ash, and calcium carbide waste. Materials, 15(2), 488. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15020488
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelechi, S. E., Adamu, M., Mohammed, A., Obianyo, I. I., Ibrahim, I. I., & Alanazi, Y. E. (2022). Equivalent emmision and cost analysis of green self compacting rubberized concrete. Sustainability, 14(1), 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J.-K., Cho, H.-C., & Kim, S.-C. (2001). Removal of unburned carbon from coal fly ash using a pneumatic triboelectrostatic separator. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 36(9), 1709–1724. https://doi.org/10.1081/ESE-100106253
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korniejenko, K., Halyag, N., & Mucsi, G. K. (2009). CFA as a raw material for geopolymerisation chemical composition and physical properties. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/706/1/012002
   Google Scholar
• Korniejenko, K., Halyag, N., & Mucsi, G. (2019). Coal fly ash as a raw material for geopolymerisation-chemical composition and physical properties. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 706(1), 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/706/1/012002
   Google Scholar
• Krishnaraj, L., & Ravichandran, P. (2021). Characterisation of ultra-fine coal fly ash as sustainable cementitious material for masonry construction. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(1), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2020.07.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kronbauer, M. A., Izquierdo, M., Dai, S., Waanders, F. B., Wagner, N. J., Mastalerz, M., Hower, J. C., Oliveira, M. L. S., Taffarel, S. R., Bizani, D., & Silva, L. F. O. (2013). Geochemistry of ultra-fine and nano-compounds in coal gasification ashes: A synoptic view. Science of the Total Environment, 456, 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurda, R., de Brito, J., & Silvestre, J. D. (2017). Influence of recycled aggregates and high contents of coal fly ash on concrete fresh properties. Cement and Concrete Composites, 84, 198–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.09.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshmi, A. D., & Vara, T. V. (2020). Durability properties of geopolymer concrete with CFA and metakaoline. International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 9(9), 1–10. https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/jan2020/Durability-Properties-Of-Geopolymer-Concrete-With-Flyash-And-Metakaolin.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Larry, S. (2020). The future of fly ash: Dystopia or hysteria? Presentation made at Materials Science & Engineering. Michigan Technological University, USA
   Google Scholar
• Lavanya, B., Kuriya, P. D., Suganesh, S., Indrajith, R., & Chokkalingam, R. B. (2020). ”Properties of geopolymer bricks made with flyash and GGBS”. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 872(1), 012141. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/872/1/012141
   Google Scholar
• Lee, H., Ha, H. S., Lee, C. H., Lee, Y. B., & Kim, P. J. (2006). Coal fly ash effect on improving soil properties and rice productivity in Korean paddy soils. Bioresource Technology, 97(13), 1490–1497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.06.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• León-Mejía, G., Machado, M. N., Okuro, R. T., Silva, L. F. O., Telles, C., Dias, J., Niekraszewicz, L., Da Silva, J., Henriques, J. A. P., & Zin, W. A. (2018). Intratracheal instillation of coal and coal fly ash particles in mice induces DNA damage and translocation of metals to extrapulmonary tissues. Science of the Total Environment, 625, 589–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y. J., Gong, Y. L., & Yin, J. (2011). Strength and durability of high performance road concrete containing ultra-fine coal fly ash. In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 99, pp. 1264–1268). Trans Tech Publ.
   Google Scholar
• Loya, M. I. M., & Rawani, A. M. (2014). A review: Promising applications for utilization of CFA. International Journal of Advanced Technology Engineering Science, 2(7), 143–149 2348 – 7550.
   Google Scholar
• Lütke, S. F., Marcos, L. S. O., Luis, F. O. S., Tito, R. S. C., & D, G. L. (2020). Nanominerals assemblages and hazardous elements assessment in phosphogypsum from an abandoned phosphate fertilizer industry. Chemosphere, 256(127138), 127138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127138
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Madhavi, T. C., Swamy Raju, L., & Mathur, D. (2014). Durability and strength properties of high volume coal fly ash concrete. Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 4(2A), 7–11.
   Google Scholar
• Malhotra, V. (2002). High-performance high-volume coal fly ash concrete. Concrete International, 24(7), 30–34. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.c.jce.201401.02.html
   Google Scholar
• Malhotra, V., & Mehta, P. (2005). High-performance, high-volume coal fly ash concrete: Materials, mixture proportions, properties, construction practice, and case histories. Supplementary Cementing Materials for Sustainable Development Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Martinello, K., Oliveira, M. L. S., Molossi, F. A., Ramos, C. G., Teixeira, E. C., Kautzmann, R. M., & Silva, L. F. O. (2014). Direct identification of hazardous elements in ultra-fine and nanominerals from coal fly ash produced during diesel co-firing. Science of the Total Environment, 470, 444–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mastura, W. I., Kamarudin, H., Nizar, Abdullah, I. K., & Hussain, M. B. (2013). Effect of curing system on properties of CFA-based geopolymer brick. International Review of Mechanical Engineering, 7(1), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.626.937
   Google Scholar
• Mei, L., Lu, X., Wang, Q., Pan, Z., Ji, X., Hong, Y., Fang, C., Guo, H., & Yang, X. (2014). The experimental study of coal fly ash decarbonization on a circulating fluidized bed combustor. Applied Thermal Engineering, 63(2), 608–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra, D. K., Yu, J., & Leung, C. K. Y. Green concrete under normal and heat curing with coal fly ash from China and India in Proceedings of International Conference on Waste Management and Technology, 2018, vol. 13, p. 281.
   Google Scholar
• Mohammed, B. S., & Adamu, M. (2018). Mechanical performance of roller compacted concrete pavement containing crumb rubber and nano silica. Construction and Building Materials, 159, 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.098
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, B. S., Adamu, M., & Liew, M. S. (2018). Evaluating the effect of crumb rubber and nano silica on the properties of high volume coal fly ash roller compacted concrete pavement using non-destructive techniques. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 8, 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2018.03.004
   Google Scholar
• Mukilan, K., Ganesh, A. C., & Azik, A. (2019). Investigation of utilization of flyash in self compacting concrete. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 561(1), 012056. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/561/1/012056
   Google Scholar
• Muthadhi, A., & Dhivya, V. (2017). Investigating strength properties of geopolymer concrete with quarry dust. ACI Materials Journal, 114(3), 355-363. https://doi.org/10.14359/51689674
   Google Scholar
• Nath, P., & Sarker, P. K. (2015). Use of OPC to improve setting and early strength properties of low calcium coal fly ash geopolymer concrete cured at room temperature. Cement and Concrete Composites, 55, 205–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.08.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neville, A. M., & Brooks, J. J. (1987). Concrete technology. Longman Scientific & Technical England.
   Google Scholar
• Nikhil, T. R. (2019). Use of high volume CFA in concrete pavement for sustainable development. International Journal of Scientific Research, 3(1), 131-133.
   Google Scholar
• Nordin, A. P., da Silva, J., de Souza, C. T., Niekraszewicz, L. A. B., Dias, J. F., da Boit, K., Oliveira, M. L. S., Grivicich, I., Garcia, A. L. H., Oliveira, L. F. S., & da Silva, F. R. (2018). In vitro genotoxic effect of secondary minerals crystallized in rocks from coal mine drainage. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 346, 263–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowak-Michta, A., & Kabat, B. Physical properties of post-process coal fly ash from TWTP Krakow in MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018, vol. 163: EDP Sciences, p. 03004.
   Google Scholar
• Obla, K. H. (2008). Specifying CFA in Concrete, concrete in focus. In National ready mix concrete association (pp. 60–66).
   Google Scholar
• Ogundiran, M. B., & Kumar, S. (2016). Synthesis of coal fly ash-calcined clay geopolymers: Reactivity, mechanical strength, structural and microstructural characteristics. Construction and Building Materials, 125, 450–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okunade, E. A. (2010). Geotechnical properties of some coal fly ash stabilized Southwestern Nigeria lateritic soils. Modern Applied Science, 4(12), 66. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v4n12p66
   Google Scholar
• Olarewaju, A. J. (2016). Engineering properties of concrete mixed with varying degrees of coal fly ash. American Journal of Engineering Research, 5. https://www.ajer.org/papers/v5(09)/V050901460149.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira, M. L., Marostega, F., Taffarel, S. R., Saikia, B. K., Waanders, F. B., DaBoit, K., Baruah, B. P., & Silva, L. F. O. (2014). Nano-mineralogical investigation of coal and coal fly ashes from coal-based captive power plant (India): An introduction of occupational health hazards. Science of the Total Environment, 468, 1128–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panda, S. S., & Jena, B. (2021). Yield behaviour of two-way reinforced concrete flyash brick slab. In eds. Bibhuti Bhusan Das, Salim Barbhuiya, Rishi Gupta, Purnachandra Saha. Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure (pp. 405–414). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Panda, S., Panigrahi, R., & Narshimam, M. (2019). A review on utilization of alkali activated flyash and ggbfs as green concrete. Adalya Journal, 8(7), 91–96. https://adalyajournal.com/gallery/12-july-1624.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Pandey, A., Tiwari, D., Yadav, D. K., Mishra, R. K., Deshpande, V. P., & Shinde, A. (2018). Stabilization of soil under foundation and pavements using coal fly ash. AMBIENT SCIENCE, 5(2, Sp1 & Sp2). 8-11. https://doi.org/10.21276/ambi.2018.05.sp2.ta01
   Google Scholar
• Papadakis, V., & Tsimas, S. (2005). Greek supplementary cementing materials and their incorporation in concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 27(2), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parikshith, M., & Sekhar, D. C. (2019). Feasibility of flyash based geopolymer for soil stabilization. Int J Innov Technol Explor Eng, 9(1), 4348-4351.
   Google Scholar
• Patil, A., Banapurmath, N., Hunashyal, A. M., & Meti, V. K. V. (2020). Flyash and carbon fibers reinforced aluminum-based matrix composite for structural applications. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 872(1), 012160. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/872/1/012160
   Google Scholar
• Quispe, D., Pérez-López, R., Silva, L. F., & Nieto, J. M. (2012). Changes in mobility of hazardous elements during coal combustion in Santa Catarina power plant (Brazil. Fuel, 94, 495–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.09.034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafiza, A.R, Bakri, A. M., Kamarudin, H., Nizar, I.K., Hardjito, D., & Zarina, Y. (2014). Evaluation of pelletized artificial geopolymer aggregate manufactured from volcano ash Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 7 5 15- 20 http://repository.petra.ac.id/id/eprint/16189 .
   Google Scholar
• Rahacek, S., Hunka, P., Citek, D., & Kolisko, J. (2020). Experimental determination of ammonia in CFA for ready mix concrete. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2210(1), 020–026. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0000478
   Google Scholar
• Revathi, J., Rajamane, S., & A, D. (2015). Studies on Physio Chemical Properties of CFA for their Effective Alkali Activation. SOJ Material Science Engineering, 3(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.15226/sojmse.2015.00129
   Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, J., DaBoit, K., Flores, D., Kronbauer, M. A., & Silva, L. F. (2013). Extensive FE-SEM/EDS, HR-TEM/EDS and ToF-SIMS studies of micron-to nano-particles in anthracite coal fly ash. Science of the Total Environment, 452, 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha, A. K. (2018). Effect of class F coal fly ash on the durability properties of concrete. Sustainable Environment Research, 28(1), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2017.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saikia, B. K., Ward, C. R., Oliveira, M. L. S., Hower, J. C., De Leao, F., Johnston, M. N., O’Bryan, A., Sharma, A., Baruah, B. P., & Silva, L. F. O. (2015). Geochemistry and nano-mineralogy of feed coals, mine overburden, and coal-derived coal fly ashes from Assam (North-east India): A multi-CFAceted analytical approach. International Journal of Coal Geology, 137, 19–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambo, A. (2008). Matching electricity supply with demand in Nigeria. International Association of Energy Economics, 4, 32–36. https://www.iaee.org/documents/newsletterarticles/408sambo.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Sasui, S., Kim, G., Nam, J., Koyama, T., & Chansomsak, S. (2020). Strength and microstructure of class-C coal fly ash and GGBS blend geopolymer activated in NaOH & NaOH+ Na2SiO3. Materials, 13(1), 59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, V., & Akhai, S. (2019). Trends in utilization of coal fly ash in India: A review. Journal of Engineering Design and Analysis, 2(1), 12–16. https://adrjournalshouse.com/index.php/engineering-design-analysis/article/view/499
   Google Scholar
• Silva, L. F. O., Hower, J. C., Dotto, G. L., Oliveira, M. L. S., & Pinto, D. (2021). Titanium nanoparticles in sedimented dust aggregates from urban children’s parks around coal ashes wastes. FUEL, 285, 119–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119162
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, L., Sampaio, C., Guedes, A., De Vallejuelo, S. F.-O., & Madariaga, J. (2012). Multianalytical approaches to the characterisation of minerals associated with coals and the diagnosis of their potential risk by using combined instrumental microspectroscopic techniques and thermodynamic speciation. Fuel, 94, 52–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.11.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, R., Singh, L., & Singh, S. V. (2015). Beneficiation of iron and aluminium oxides from coal fly ash at lab scale. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 145, 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2015.08.001
   Google Scholar
• Srishadurya, P., & Selvaprasanth, P. (2019). Experimental study on properties of high volume CFA concrete. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(2), 12–23.
   Google Scholar
• Sumathi, A., Mohan, R. S., Shankari, G. S., & S. R. (2014). Effect of CFA on fresh properties of concrete. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 9(1), 69–82.
   Google Scholar
• Sung, H., Yoo, K., & Lee, S.-H. (2016). The removal of unburned carbon from coal fly ash by kerosene extraction. Geosystem Engineering, 19(2), 96–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2015.1096841
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surabhi, S. (2017). Coal fly ash in India: Generation vis-a-vis utilization and global perspective. Int J Appl Chem, 13(1), 29–52.
   Google Scholar
• Tajunnisa, Y., Sugimoto, M., Sato, T., Ekaputri, J. J., & Shigeishi, M. (2016). Characterization of low calcium coal fly ash for geopolymer paste 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Structural Faults and Repair 17 - 19 May, 2016 16 (Engineering Technics Press, Edinburgh) Radison Blu, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
   Google Scholar
• Temuujin, J., van Riessen, A., & MacKenzie, K. (2010). Preparation and characterisation of coal fly ash based geopolymer mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 24(10), 1906–1910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titarmare, A. P., Deotale, S. R., & Bachale, S. B. (2012). Experimental study report on use of CFA ready mixed concrete. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 3(6), 2229–2238.
   Google Scholar
• Tittarelli, F., Mobili, A., & Bellezze, T. (2017). The effect of coal fly ash on the corrosion behaviour of galvanised steel rebars in concrete. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 225(1), 012107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/225/1/012107
   Google Scholar
• Vengata, G. K. High volume Coal fly ash concrete for pavements. M.E. Dissertation. Master of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Venkat, K. V., Bharu, P., Tulasi, R. D., & Sagar, D. (2019). ”Experimental Investigation on stabilization of soil using CFA, GGBS and coir fibers”. Bachelor of Science, College of engineering and technology, CMR University.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, M. W., Yang, J., Ma, H. W., Shen, J., Li, J. H., & Guo, F. (2012). Extraction of aluminum hydroxide from coal fly ash by pre-desilication and calcination methods. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 396, pp. 706–710). Trans Tech Publ.
   Google Scholar
• Wardhono, A. (2018). Comparison study of class F and class C coal fly ashes as cement replacement material on strength development of non-cement mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 288(1), 012019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/288/1/012019
   Google Scholar
• Wee, J.-H. (2013). A review on carbon dioxide capture and storage technology using coal fly ash. Applied Energy, 106, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcox, J., Wang, B., Rupp, E., Taggart, R., Hsu-Kim, H., Oliveira, M. L. S., Cutruneo, C. M. N. L., Taffarel, S., Silva, L. F. O., Hopps, S. D., Thomas, G. A., & Hower, J. C. (2015). Observations and assessment of coal fly ashes from high-sulfur bituminous coals and blends of high-sulfur bituminous and sub-bituminous coals: Environmental processes recorded at the macro-and nanometer scale. Energy & Fuels, 29(11), 7168–7177. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zabihi-Samani, M., Mokhtari, S. P., & Raji, F. (2018). Effects of coal fly ash on mechanical properties of concrete. Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences, 8(2), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2018-0016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zahari, N, Mohamad D, Arenandan V, Beddu S, Sadon SN, Syamsir A, Kamal NM, Zainoodin MM, Nadhirah A. (2018). Study on prediction coal fly ash generation using statistical method. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2031(1), 020038. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5066994
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, X. (2014). Management of coal combustion wastes CCC/231 (International Energy Agency Coal Centre), 2–68 ISBN 978-92-9029-551-8.
   Google Scholar
• Zielinski, R. A., & Finkelman, R. B. (1997). Radioactive elements in coal and coal fly ash: Abundance, forms, and environmental significance. U.S. Geological Survey 163, 2327–6932. https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16397.
   Google Scholar