Situational analyses on cowpea value chain in Zambia: the case of an untapped legume

References

• Alamu, E. O., Olaniyan, B., & Maziya-Dixon, B. (2021). Diversifying the utilization of maize at household level in Zambia : quality and consumer preferences of. Foods, 10(4), 750. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10040750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amanor-Boadu, V., Featherstone, A., Mwiinga, M., Priscilla, H., Dalton, T., & Yesuf, M. (2015). Pulse Value Chain Initiative - Zambia (PVCI-Z) (pp. 3–18). USA: Kansas State University. https://www.canr.msu.edu/legumelab/uploads/files/ksu-1tech.progrptfy11final.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Pregelj, L., Ed. ARC. 2021. of excellence for integrative legume what are legumes ? %0Awww.cilr.uq.edu.au
   Google Scholar
• Awika, J., Rooney, L., Singh, B. B., Shindano, J., Muimui, K., & Minnaar, A. (2011). Increasing utilization of cowpeas to promote health and food security in Africa (pp. 4–8). USA: Texas A&M University. http://crsps.net/resource/increasing-utilization-of-cowpeas-to-promote-health-and-food-security-in-africa/
   Google Scholar
• Ayongwa, G. C., Stomph, T. J., Belder, P., Leffelaar, P. A., & Kuyper, T. W. (2011). Organic matter and seed survival of Striga hermonthica - mechanisms for seed depletion in the soil. Crop Protection, 30 (12), 1594–1600. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.08.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boukar, O., Fatokun, C. A., Huynh, B. L., Roberts, P. A., & Close, T. J. (2016). Genomic tools in cowpea breeding programs: status and perspectives. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7(June 2016), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00757
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carneiro da Silva, A., da Costa Santos, D., Lopes Teixeira Junior, D., Bento da Silva, P., Cavalcante Dos Santos, R., & Siviero, A. (2019). Cowpea: A strategic legume species for food security and health. In Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez and Alfonso Clemente (Eds.), Legume seed nutraceutical research (pp. 10). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79006
   Google Scholar
• Chilufya, & Mulendema. (2019). Beyond maize - Exploring agricultural diversification in Zambia from different perspectives (pp. 1–7). IIED/HIVOS. https://www.iied.org/beyond-maize-exploring-agricultural-diversification-zambia
   Google Scholar
• Chisanga, K., Kafwamfwa, N., Hamazakaza, P., Mwila, M., Sinyangwe, J., & Lungu, O. (2017). Farmer perceptions of conservation agriculture in maize - legume systems for small-holder farmers in Sub Saharan Africa - a beneficiary perspective in Zambia. International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food Science, 1(3), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijhaf.1.3.3
   Google Scholar
• CUTS and WFP. (2018). Identifying food consumption patterns in Lusaka. In CUTS (pp. 9–20). CUTS International. https://cuts-lusaka.org/pdf/Report-Identifying_food_consumption_Patters_in_Lusaka.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Damiri, B. V., Al-Shahwan, I. M., Al-Saleh, M. A., Abdalla, O. A., & Amer, M. A. (2013). Identification and characterization of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus isolates in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Plant Pathology, 95(1), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.4454/JPP.V95I1.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijkink, B., Broeze, J., & Vollebregt, M. (2022). Hermetic Bags for the Storage of Maize: Perspectives on Economics, Food Security and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Different Sub-Saharan African Countries. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6(January). https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.767089
   Google Scholar
• Dingha, B. N., Omaliko, P. C., Amoah, B. A., Jackai, L. E., & Shrestha, D. (2021). Evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in an intercropping system as pollinator enhancer for increased crop yield. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179612
   Google Scholar
• DPP/ARC. (2011). Production guidelines for Cowpeas (D. P. Production, Ed.;1st, Vol. 1) Directorate Agricultural Information Services. https://rc.agric.za/arc-gci/Fact_Sheets_Library/Cowpea-Production_guidelines_for_cowpea.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Drivers of trader participation in bean and cowpea marketing by Lydia mtchotsa. (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Fanta Fhi, U. (2017). Reducing Malnutrition in Zambia: Estimates to Support Nutrition Advocacy (Zambia nutrition profiles) (pp. 2–3). Ministry of Health/National Food and Nutrition Commission. www.nfnc.org.zm
   Google Scholar
• FAO. (1992). Bemisia tabaci: A literature survey (IIBC, M. J. W. Cock, Eds.; 1st, Vol. 590).
   Google Scholar
• FAO. (2016). Role of Agricultural Biotechnologies in Sustainable Food Systems and Nutrition (Issue COAG/2016/INF/5, pp. 1–5). https://www.fao.org/3/mr252e/mr252e.pdf
   Google Scholar
• FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, W. and W. (2017). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World; Building resilience for peace and food security (pp. 132–134). https://www.fao.org/3/i7787e/i7787e.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gerrano, A. S., Jansen van Rensburg, W. S., Venter, S. L., Shargie, N. G., Amelework, B. A., Shimelis, H. A., & Labuschagne, M. T. (2019). Selection of cowpea genotypes based on grain mineral and total protein content. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B: Soil and Plant Science, 69(2), 155–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2018.1520290
   Google Scholar
• Gondwe, T. M., Alamu, E. O., Mdziniso, P., & Maziya Dixon, B. (2019). Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) for food security: An evaluation of end-user traits of improved varieties in Swaziland. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 15991. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52360-w
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hachibamba, T., Dykes, L., Awika, J., Minnaar, A., & Duodu, K. G. (2013). Effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cooked cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48(12), 2638–2649. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12260
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamududu, B. H., & Ngoma, H. (2019). Impacts of climate change on water availability in Zambia: Implications of irrigation development. Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security Policy, 3(August), 25–34. https://www.canr.msu.edu/fsp/publications/
   Google Scholar
• Harris, M. (2019). SuStainable dietS for all (Hivos, Ed.; 2nd ed.). hivos. https://hivos.org/assets/2020/09/ETE-Sustainable-Diets-for-All.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Horn, L. N. (2016). Breeding cowpea (vigna unguiculata [L] walp) for improved yield and related traits using gamma irradiation by Lydia ndinelao horn Bsc agriculture (crop science), MSc Biodiversity Management and Research (University of Namibia) A thesis submitted (Issue October). ACCI. https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10413/15037/Horn_Lydia_N_2017.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1
   Google Scholar
• Horn, L. N., & Shimelis, H. (2020). Production constraints and breeding approaches for cowpea improvement for drought prone agro-ecologies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 65(1), 83–91. Faculty of Agriculture, Ain-Shams University. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2020.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hove, H., & Bakker, S. (2020). Scaling sustainable nutrition for all (SN4A) in Zambia : report community mapping. Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University & Research. Report WCDI-20-110. Wageningen. https://doi.org/10.18174/528812
   Google Scholar
• IAPRI. (2021a). 2020 Zambia food security and nutrition. 40. https://www.iapri.org.zm/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2020_fns_report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• IAPRI. (2021b). 83368089_value chain analysis and stakeholder mapping IAPRI draft report-23Feb2021 (pp. 26–55).
   Google Scholar
• Ishikawa, H., Drabo, I., Joseph, B. B., Muranaka, S., Fatokun, C., & Boukar, O. (2019). Characteristics of farmers’ selection criteria for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties differ between north and south regions of Burkina Faso. Experimental Agriculture, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001447971900019X
   Google Scholar
• Jamil, M., Kountche, B. A., & Al-Babili, S. (2021). Current progress in Striga management. Plant Physiology, 185(4), 1339–1352. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaluba, P., Verbist, K. M. J., Cornelis, W. M., & Van Ranst, E. (2017). Spatial mapping of drought in Zambia using regional frequency analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 62(11), 1825–1839. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2017.1343475
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkhouse trust. (2022). Genetic resistance using marker-assisted and conventional breeding. https://www.kirkhousetrust.org/zambia
   Google Scholar
• Maria Figueira Gomes, A., Nhantumbo, N., Ferreira-Pinto, M., Massinga, R., Ramalho, C., & Ribeiro-Barros, A. (2019). Breeding elite cowpea [vigna unguiculata (L.) walp] varieties for improved food security and income in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Legume Crops - Characterization and Breeding for Improved Food Security, 6(3), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84985
   Google Scholar
• Marinda, P. A., Genschick, S., Khayeka-Wandabwa, C., Kiwanuka-Lubinda, R., Thilsted, S. H., & Wieringa, F. (2018). Dietary diversity determinants and contribution of fish to maternal and under five nutritional status in Zambia. PLoS ONE, 13(9), e0204009. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, L. E., Baptiste, R., Marsh, D. B., Trinklein, D., & Kremer, R. J. (2006). Temperature effects on Bradyrhizobium spp. growth and symbiotic effectiveness with pigeonpea and cowpea. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 29(2), 331–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160500476921
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martey, E., Etwire, P. M., Adogoba, D. S., & Tengey, T. K. (2021). Farmers’ preferences for climate-smart cowpea varieties: Implications for crop breeding programmes. Climate and Development, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2021.1889949
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mbuma, N. W., Gerrano, A. S., Lebaka, N., Mofokeng, A., & Labuschagne, M. (2021). The evaluation of a Southern African cowpea germplasm collection for seed yield and yield components. Crop Science, 61(1), 466–489. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20336
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MFND. (2022). Eighth National Development Plan 2022-2026. 8th-NDP-2022–2026. https://www.nydc.gov.zm
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Agriculture. 2012. National Agricultural Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health Zambia. (2006). Memorandum of understanding (Mou) between the government of the Republic of Zambia/Ministry of Health and cooperating partners (issue April). Ministry of health, Government Printers.
   Google Scholar
• Mofya-Mukuka, R., & Musonda, M. (2016). The status of hunger and malnutrition in Zambia: A review of methods and indicators (Vol. 5). International Agricultural Policy and Research Institute (IAPRI). http://www.iapri.org.zm
   Google Scholar
• Mofya-Mukuka, R. (2021). Monitoring Household Food Security and Nutrition during COVID-19. In B. (Ed.), Scaling up Nutrition National Conferenceational Conference (Issue March). NFNC. https://www.nfnc.org.zm/download/monitoring-household-food-security-and-nutrition-during-covid-19-presenter-rhoda-mofya-mukuka-iapri/
   Google Scholar
• Moono, L. (2015). An analysis of factors influencing market participation among samllholder farmers (Issue April). University of Zambia.
   Google Scholar
• Mtchotsa, L. (2014). Drivers of trader participation in bean and cowpea marketing (pp. 20–45). University of Zambia. https://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/16986/LydiaMtchotsa2014.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Mtchotsa, L. (2014). Drivers of trader participation in bean and cowpea marketing. 20–45. https://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/16986/LydiaMtchotsa2014.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Mulenga, B. P., Kabisa, M., Chapoto, A., & Muyobela, T. (2020). Agriculture status report 2020 Zambia (pp. 29–32). IAPRI. https://www.iapri.org.zm/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2020_asr.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Mulungu, K., Tembo, G., Bett, H., & Ngoma, H. (2021). Climate change and crop yields in Zambia: Historical effects and future projections. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(8), 11859–11880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01146-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munyinda, K. L. (2020). Mutation led cowpea breeding. Zambia Daily Mail. http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/unza-develops-special-cowpeas-varieties/
   Google Scholar
• Munyiri, S. (2020). Opportunities for quality seed production and diffusion through integration of the informal systems in sub-saharan Africa. In João Silva Dias, (Eds.),Prime Archives in Agricultural Research, 1–20. Hyderabad, India: Vide Leaf. https://doi.org/10.37247/paar.1.2020.19
   Google Scholar
• Mwanamwenge, M., & Cook, S. (2019). Beyond maize - Exploring agricultural diversification in Zambia from different perspectives. IIED/HIVOS. https://pubs.iied.org/g04422
   Google Scholar
• Mzyece, N. (2011). Factors affecting cowpea marketing and supply. [University of Zambia]. http://dspace.unza.zm/bitstream/handle/123456789/4527/AGNESSMZYECE0001.PDF?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Ndawula, J., Kabasa, J. D., & Byaruhanga, Y. B. (2004). Alterations in fruit and vegetable beta-carotene and vitamin C content caused by open-sun drying, visqueen-covered and polyethylene-covered solar-dryers. African Health Sciences, 4(2), 125–130.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• NFNC/MoA. (2021). Zambia food-based dietary guidelines technical recommendations 2021 (K. Zeravica, Ed.; 1st), FAO/EU. https://www.fao.org/3/cb7674en/cb7674en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ngoma, E. (2011). Supply Chain Participation of Cowpea producers in Zambia. Thesis. pp21–33. University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. http://dspace.unza.zm/bitstream/handle/123456789/4528/NgomaE20110001.PDF?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Ngoma, H., Lupiya, P., Kabisa, M., & Hartley, F. (2021). Impacts of climate change on agriculture and household welfare in Zambia: An economy-wide analysis. Climatic Change, 167(55), 3–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03168-z
   Google Scholar
• Nkhoma, N. (2013). Stability of Yield and Antioxidant Content of Selected Advancedd Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L] Walp.) Mutation Derived Lines. [University of Zambia]. http://dspace.unza.zm/bitstream/handle/123456789/3413/Nkhoma%27sDissertation.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Nkhoma, N., Shimelis, H., Laing, M. D., Shayanowako, A., & Mathew, I. (2020a). Assessing the genetic diversity of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] germplasm collections using phenotypic traits and SNP markers. BMC Genetics, 21(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-020-00914-7
   Google Scholar
• Nkhoma, N. (2021). Genetic Improvement of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L .) Walp .] for Grain Yield and Yield Components in Zambia. Kwa-Zulu Natal. https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10413/19478/Nkhoma_Nelia_2020.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• Omomowo, O. I., & Babalola, O. O. (2021). Constraints and Prospects of Improving Cowpea Productivity to Ensure Food, Nutritional Security and Environmental Sustainability. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12(October). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.751731
   Google Scholar
• Ousmane, B. Fatokun C. A., Togola A., Ongom P., & K. Lopez. (2020). Cowpea receives more research support. In CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC) GLDC newsletter (pp. 1–2). http://gldc.cgiar.org/cowpea-receives-more-research-support/
   Google Scholar
• Richards, K., & Bellack, S. (2016). Malnutrition in Zambia for the most vulnerable. London, UK: Save the Children. https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/…/malnutrition_in_zambia_-_harnessing_socia
   Google Scholar
• Simunji, S., Munyinda, K. L., Lungu, O. I., Mweetwa, A. M., & Phiri, E. (2019). Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp) Genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-cowpea Crop Rotation. Sustainable Agriculture Research, 8(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.5539/sar.v8n1p82
   Google Scholar
• Sindhu, M., Kumar, A., Yadav, H., Chaudhary, D., Jaiwal, R., & Jaiwal, P. K. (2019). Current advances and future directions in genetic enhancement of a climate resilient food legume crop, cowpea (VIGNA unguiculata L. walp.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 139(3), 429–453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01695-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, B. B., International institute of tropical agriculture., & world cowpea research conference (2nd: 1995: Accra, G. (2004). Advances in cowpea research. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.
   Google Scholar
• Siyunda, A., Mwila, N., Mwala, M., & Kamfwa, K. (2022). Laboratory Screening of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Genotypes against Pulse Beetle , Callosobruchus maculatus (F .). Medicon Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 2(3), 4–12.
   Google Scholar
• Tembo, L., Pungulani, L., Sohati, P. H., Mataa, J. C., & Munyinda, K. (2017). Resistance to callosobruchus maculatus developed via gamma radiation in cowpea. Journal of Agriculture and Crop, 3(8), 65–71. http://arpgweb.com/?ic=journal&journal=14&info=aims
   Google Scholar
• Tripp, R., Walker, D. J., Miti, F., Mukumbuta, S., & Zulu, M. S. (1998). Seed management by small-scale farmers in Zambia. A study of cowpea, groundnut and sorghum seed in the southern and western provinces (NRI Bulletin 76). University of Greenwich, Natural Resources Institute, UK. https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/11101/1/Doc-0165.pdf
   Google Scholar
• WFP. (2020). Annual Country Report-Zambia. https://www.wfp.org/publications/world-food-programme-zambia-2020-annual-country-report-highlights
   Google Scholar
• Willis, C. (2020). Drought-Tolerant crops: IAEA and FAO help Zambia improve production and farmers’ income | IAEA. IAEA Office of Public Information and Communication. June.
   Google Scholar
• Zambia agricultural status report 2016. (2016). http://www.iapri.org.zm/images/TechnicalPapers/IAPRI-Booklet.pdf
   Google Scholar
• VRC, (Ed.), & ZARI. (2021). Variety book 2021 October 12 serialated (005). ZARI.
   Google Scholar
• ZAS. (2019). cowpea-production-guidelines-zas (Z. A. Society, Ed.; 1st), Zambia Agribusiness Society. https://zaszambia.wordpress.com/2019/06/14/cowpea-production-guidelines/#:~:text=In_Zambia_cowpea_is_mainly,substance_crop_for_home_use.&text=There_are_a_number_of,and_semi–erect_in_growth
   Google Scholar
• Zulu, E. (2011). Profitability of Cowpea Production in Zambia [University of Zambia]. http://crsps.net/wp-content/downloads/DryGrainPulses/Inventoried8.23/4-2011-12-172.pdf
   Google Scholar