474
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
History

“The six-month bullet fence”: the voice of armed conflict survivors in Kobo and Agamsa districts, Amhara region of Ethiopia

, ORCID Icon, , &
Article: 2335794 | Received 04 Jan 2024, Accepted 22 Mar 2024, Published online: 13 Apr 2024

References

  • Amhara Association of America. (2022). Neglected Massacres against Amharas: compendium of AAA’s reports 2021 on human rights violations against Amhara. https://www. amharaamerica.org/reports.
  • Amnesty International Canada. (2022). Ethiopia: Tigriyan forces murder, rape and pillage in attacks on civilians in Amhara towns- amnesty international Canada. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/02/ethiopia-tigrayan-forces-murder-rape-and-pillage-in-attacks-on-civilians-in-amhara-towns/.
  • Amnesty International. (2004). Rwanda: “Marked for death”. Rape survivors living with HIV/AIDS [Online library]. Retrieved from http://www.refworld.org/docid/4129 fd524.html.
  • Bachman, J. S. (2020). Four Schools of Thought on the Relationship between War and Genocide. Journal of Genocide Research, 22(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2020.1756558
  • Banyanga, J., Björkqvist, K., & Österman, K. (2017). Trauma inflicted by genocide: Experiences of the Rwandan Diaspora in Finland. Cogent Psychology, 4(1), 1333244. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2017.1333244
  • Bloor, M., & Wood, F. (2006). Keywords in qualitative methods. A vocabulary of research concepts. SAGE Publications LTD.
  • Bolderston, A. (2012). Directed reading article conducting a research interview. British Columbia. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, 43(1), 66–76. Published by Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2011.12.002
  • Bolton, P. (2001). Local perceptions of the mental health effects of the Rwandan genocide. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 189(4), 243–248.
  • Bufour, I. (2017). A Critical Overview of Interpretive phenomenological Analysis: A contemporary qualitative research approach. Journal of Health Care Communication, 2(4).
  • Carpente, C. (2009). Considering the efficacy of interpretive phenomenology analysis as a means to reveal teachers’ implicit theories of learning. Canterbury Christ Church University.
  • Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (2nd Ed.). Sage Publication.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th Ed.). Sage publication.
  • Crook, M., & Short, D. (2021). Developmentalism and the Genocide–Ecocide Nexus. Journal of Genocide Research, 23(2), 162–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2020.1853914
  • Dugo, H., & Eissen, J. (2018). The politicas of Genocide denile in Ethiopia. Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies, 11(4), 61–89.
  • Dutton, D. G., Boyanowsky, E. O., & Bond, M. H. (2005). Extreme mass homicide: From military massacre to genocide. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10Issue(4), 437–473. In(Elsevier Ltd https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2004.06.002
  • Dwyer, P. (2013). Violence and the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars: Massacre, Conquest and the Imperial Enterprise. Journal of Genocide Research, 15(2), 117–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2013.789180
  • Dwyer, P., & Ryan L. (Eds.). (2015). Theatres of Violence: Massacre, Mass Killing and Atrocity Throughout History. European History Quarterly, 44(2). https://doi.org/10.3167/9780857452993
  • Eramian, L., & Denov, M. (2018). Is it always good to talk? The paradoxes of truth-telling by rwandan youth born of rape committed during the genocide. Journal of Genocide Research, 20(3), 372–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2018.1459240
  • Fein, H. (2000). Civil wars and genocide: Paths and CIrcles. Human Rights Review, 1(3), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-000-1021-z
  • Jones, A. (2011). Genocide: A comprehensive introduction (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-000-1021-z
  • Giorgi, A. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Husserlian approach. Duquesne University Press.
  • Given, M. L. (2008). The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research methods (Vol. 1 & 2). University of Alberta. SAGE Publications, Inc.
  • Haffajee, R. L. (2006). Prosecuting crimes of rape and sexual violence at the ICTR: The application of joint criminal enterprise theory. Harvard Journal of Law and Gender, 29, 201–221.
  • Herman, J. (1997). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence–From domestic abuse to political terror. BASIC BOOKS.
  • Hughes, N. (2002). The genocidal continuum: Peace-time crimes. In J. M. Mageo (Ed.), Power and Self. Cambridge University Press.
  • Markusen, E., & Kopf, D. (1995). The holocaust and strategic bombing: Genocide and Total War in the Twentieth Century. Westview Press.
  • Martuscelli, P., Ahmed, B., & Sammonds, P. (2022). Defying genocide in myanmar: Everyday resistance narratives of Rohingyas. Journal of Genocide Research, 26(1), 25–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2078074
  • Mayersen, D. (2021). Predicting genocide and mass killing. Journal of Genocide Research, 23(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2020.1818478
  • Millwood, D. (1996). The International Response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Experience. https://www.oecd.org/countries/rwanda/50189764.pdf.
  • Moges, Z. (2021). The ‘Disposable People?’ The Plight of Neftegna. Borkena https://borkena.com/2021/01/14/the-disposable-people-the-plight-of-neftegna/.
  • Moser, A., & Korstjens, I. (2018). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 3: Sampling, data collection and analysis. The European Journal of General Practice, 24(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375091
  • Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. SAGE.
  • Munn, S. (2006). Dialogue toward agenocide: Encountering the other in the context of genocide. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 46(3), 281–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167806286280
  • Palmer, M., Fadden, G., Larkin, M., & de Visser, R. (2010). Developing an interpretative phenomenological approach to focus group data. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 7(2), 99–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780880802513194
  • Patterson, M. P., & Williams, D. R. (2000). Collecting and analyzing qualitative data: Hermeneutic principles, methods and case examples. Sagamore Publishing. United States. of America.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd Ed.). Sage.
  • Ritchie, J., & Lewis, J. (2003). Qualitative research practice. A guide for social science students and researchers. SAGE Publications Ltd. Landon.
  • Scheper-Hughes, N. (1996). Section U Small Wars and Invisible Genocides. In. Social Science & Medicine (Vol. 43. pp. 889–900). Elsevier.
  • Semelin, J. (2003). Towards a vocabulary of massacre and genocide. Journal of Genocide Research, 5(2), 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623520305660
  • Shaw, M. (2007). What is genocide? (pp. 35–36). Polity Press.
  • Showkat, N., & Parveen, H. (2017). In-depth interview chapter. Aligarh Muslim University.
  • Smith, J. A. (2004). Reflecting on the development of interpretative phenomenological analysis and its contribution to qualitative research in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 1(1), 39–54. Journal homepagehttp://www.tandfonline.com/loi/uqrp20
  • Staub, E. (1999). The origins and prevention of genocide, mass killing, and other collective violence. Peace and Conflict, 5(4), 303–336. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327949pac0504_2
  • Staub, E. (2000). Genocide and mass killing: Origins, prevention, healing and reconciliation. Political Psychology, 21(2), 367–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00193
  • Sternberg, R. (2003). A duplex theory of hate: Development and application to terrorism, massacres, and genocide. Review of General Psychology, 7(3), 299–328. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.7.3.299
  • The Ecologist. (2014). 20 Years after Rwanda – Ethiopia’s ‘slow genocide’ in the Omo Valley. The Ecologist. April 7, 2014. https://borkena.com/2014/04/07/20-years-rwanda-ethiopias-slow-genocide-omo-valley/.
  • The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. (1948). About The Genocide Convention. https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/Genocide_Convention_FactSheet_ENG
  • UK, A. (2017). Grown-upness or living philosophically? Childhood and Philosophy, 13(28), 11.
  • United Nations. (2001). Country presentation by the government of Rwanda. Third United Nations conference on the least developed countries, Brussels. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/aconf191cp31rwa.en.pdf.
  • United Nations. (2014). Guideline for producing statistics on violence against women. Department of economics and social affairs. United Nations.
  • Van der Veer, G. (1995). Psychotherapeutic work with refugees. Beyond trauma: Cultural and societal dynamics. Plenum Press.
  • Voloshchuk, O., Kolesnyk, V., & Hetmantsev, M. (2021). Human rights violations and genocide: Lessons of Rwanda. Amazonia Investiga, 10(40), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.40.04.13
  • Wakeham, P. (2021). The slow violence of settler colonialism: Genocide, attrition, and the long emergency of invasion. Journal of Genocide Research, 24(3), 337–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2021.1885571
  • Wise, L. (2021). The genocide-ecocide Nexus in Sudan: Violent development and the Racial-Spatial Dynamics of (Neo) colonial-capitalist extraction. Journal of Genocide Research, 23(2), 189–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2021.1887057
  • World Health Organization. (2007). Putting women first: Ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women. World Health Organization Geneva.