References
- Acquaah, M. (2007). Managerial social capital, strategic orientation, and organizational performance in an emerging economy. Strategic Management Journal, 28(12), 1235–1255. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.632
- AfDB, OECD. & UNDP. (2016). African economic outlook 2016: Sustainable cities and structural transformation. http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/sites/default/files/content-pdf/ebook_AEO2016.pdf
- Alexander, I. K., & Honig, B. (2016). Entrepreneurial intentions: A cultural perspective. Africa Journal of Management, 2(3), 235–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2016.1206801
- Amaeshi, K., & Idemudia, U. (2015). Africapitalism: A management idea for business in Africa? Africa Journal of Management, 1(2), 210–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2015.1026229
- Amine, L. S., & Staub, K. M. (2009). Women entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa: An institutional theory analysis from a social marketing point of view. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal, 21(2), 183–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620802182144
- Anambane, G. (2017, June). Culture and women entrepreneurship: A case study of Nabdam district in Ghana [Unpublished MPhil Dissertation]. University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
- Ashforth, A. (2002). An epidemic of witchcraft? the implications of AIDS for the post-apartheid state. African Studies, 61(1), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/00020180220140109
- Awusabo-Asare, K. (1990). Matriliny and the new intestate succession law of Ghana. Canadian Journal of African Studies/Revue Canadienne des Etudes Africaines, 24(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1990.10803849
- Balog, A. M., Baker, L. T., & Walker, A. G. (2014). Religiosity and spirituality in entrepreneurship: A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 11(2), 159–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2013.836127
- Bardasi, E., Sabarwal, S., & Terrell, K. (2011). How do female entrepreneurs perform? evidence from three developing regions. Small Business Economics, 37(4), 417–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9374-z
- Blackwell, R. D., Miniard, P. W., & Engel, J. F. (2006). Consumer behavior. Thomson South-Western.
- Blankson, C., Cowan, K., & Darley, W. K. (2018). Marketing practices of rural micro and small businesses in Ghana: The role of public policy. Journal of Macromarketing, 38(1), 29–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146717741067
- Bonsu, S. K. (2008). Ghanaian attitudes towards money in consumer culture. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32(2), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2007.00639.x
- Bonsu, S. K., & Belk, R. W. (2003). Do Not Go Cheaply into That Good Night: Death-Ritual Consumption in Asante, Ghana: Table 1. Journal of Consumer Research, 30(June), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1086/374699
- Bonsu, S. K., & Belk, R. W. (2010). Marketing a new African God: Pentecostalism and material salvation in Ghana. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 15(4), 305–323. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.398
- Buame, S. K. (1996). Entrepreneurship: A contextual perspective. Lund University Press.
- Dana, L. P. (2015). Indigenous entrepreneurship: An emerging field of research. International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 14(2), 158–169. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBG.2015.067433
- Darley, W. K., & Blankson, C. (2008). African culture and business markets: Implications for marketing practices. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23(6), 374–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/08858620810894427
- Darley, W. K., Luethge, D. J., & Blankson, C. (2013). Culture and International Marketing: A Sub-Saharan African Context. Journal of Global Marketing, 26(4), 188–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/08911762.2013.814819
- Devine, R. A., & Kiggundu, M. N. (2016). Entrepreneurship in Africa: Identifying the frontier of impactful research. Africa Journal of Management, 2(3), 349–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2016.1206802
- Dia, M. (1991). Development and cultural values in Sub-Saharan Africa. Finance & Development, December 10–13.
- Dondo, A., & Ngumo, N. (1998). Africa: Kenya. In A. Morrison (Ed.), Entrepreneurship: An international perspective (pp. 15–26). Butterworth Heinemann.
- Ferrara, E. L. (2006). Descent rules and strategic transfers: Evidence from matrilineal groups in Ghana. BREAD (Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development) Working Paper No. 129, September 1–32.
- George, G., Corbishley, C., Khayesi, J., Haas, M., & Tihanyi, L. (2016). Bringing Africa In: Promising Directions for Management Research. Academy of Management Journal, 59(2), 377–393. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.4002
- George, G., & Zahra, S. A. (2002). Culture and its consequences for entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26, summer, 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600401
- Gough, K. V., Langevang, T., & Namatovu, R. (2014). Researching entrepreneurship in low-income settlements: the strengths and challenges of participatory methods. Environment and Urbanization, 26(1), 297–311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247813512250
- Greenfield, P. M., Keller, H., Fulgni, A., & Maynard, A. (2003). Cultural pathways through universal development. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 461–490. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145221
- Gyekye, K. (2003). African cultural values: An introduction. Sankofa Publishing Company.
- Hayton, C., George, G., & Zahra, S. A. (2002). National Culture and Entrepreneurship: A Review of Behavioral Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26( summer), 33–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600403
- Herrington, M., & Kelley, D. (2013). African Entrepreneurship: Sub-African regional report, 2012. GERA Consortium.
- Hofstede, G. (1983). Dimensions of national cultures in fifty countries and three regions. In J. B. Deregowski, S. Dziurawiec, & R. C. Annis (Eds.), Explications in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 335–355). Aberdeen: Swets & Zeitlinger B.V.
- Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraint in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7(1), 81–94.
- Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage.
- House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M, Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organization: The global study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks,CA: Sage Publications.
- Huisman, D. (1985). Entrepreneurship: economic and cultural influences on the entrepreneurial climate. European Research, 13(4), 10–17.
- Jackson, T. (2019). Why is indigenous entrepreneurship important to cross-cultural management scholarship? International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 19(1), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470595819840824
- Jackson, T., Amaeshi, K., & Yavuz, S. (2008). Untangling African indigenous management: multiple influences on the success of SMEs in Kenya. Journal of World Business, 43(4), 400–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2008.03.002
- Jauhari, A. (2011). Africa’s economic resurgence: is it possible? Africa Review, 3(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2011.10597302
- Kallon, K. M. (1990). The economics of sierra Leonean entrepreneurship. University Press of America.
- Kelley, D. J., Baumer, B. S., Brush, C., Greene, P. G., Mahdavi, M., & Majbouri, M. (2017). Global entrepreneurship monitor 2016/2017 Report on women’s entrepreneurship. https://www.gemconsortium.org/report/49860.
- Khayesi, J. N., George, G., & Antonakis, J. (2014). Kinship in entrepreneur networks: Performance effects of resource assembly in Africa. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(6), 1323–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12127
- Kiggundu, M. N. (2002). Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in Africa: what is known and what needs to be done. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 7(3), 239–258.
- Kinunda-Rutasbobya, L. (1999). African entrepreneurship and small business development: a conceptual framework. In L. Kinunda-Rutasbobya & D. R. Olomi (Eds.), African entrepreneurship and small business development (pp. 15–52). University of Dar-Es-Salam.
- Kruger, N., Linan, F., & Nabi, G. (2013). Introduction: Cultural values and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 25(9/10), 703–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2013.862961
- Kuada, J. (1994). Managerial behavior in Ghana and Kenya: A cultural perspective. Aalborg University Press.
- Kuada, J. (2010). Culture and leadership in Africa: A conceptual model and research agenda. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 1(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/20400701011028130
- Kuada, J. (2013). Management education in Africa: Prospects and challenges. In I. Alon, V. Jones, & J. R. McIntyre (Eds.), Innovation in business education in emerging markets (pp. 9–28). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Langevang, T., Gough, K. V., Yankson, P. W. K., Owusu, G., & Osei, R. (2015). Bounded entrepreneurial vitality: The mixed embeddedness of female entrepreneurship. Economic Geography, 91(4), 449–473. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecge.12092
- Leung, K., Bond, M. H., Carrasquel, S. R., Munoz, C., Hernandez, M., Murakami, F., Yamaguchi, S., Bierbrauer, G., & Singelis, T. M. (2002). Social axioms: The search for universal dimensions of general beliefs about how the world functions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(3), 286–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033003005
- Lingelbach, D., De La Vina, L., & Asel, P. (2005). What’s distinctive about growth-oriented entrepreneurship in developing economies? UTSA College of Business Center for Global Entrepreneurship Working Paper, No. 1/2005.
- Long, W. (1983). The meaning of entrepreneurship. American Journal of Small Business, 8(2), 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225878300800209
- Mangaliso, M. P. (2001). Building competitive advantage from Ubuntu: Management lessons from South Africa. Academy of Management Executive, 15(3), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2001.5229453
- Mangaliso, M. P. & Nkomo, S. M. (2001). Eskom's Chairman Reuel Khoza on the transformation of South African business. Academy of Management Perspectives, 15(3), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2001.5229416
- Maquet, J. J. P. (1972). Africanity: The cultural unity of black African. Oxford University Press, Inc.
- Mbiti, J. S. (1970). African religions and philosophy. Anchor Books.
- Mbiti, J. S. (1990). African religions and philosophy. Heinemann International.
- Menkiti, I. A. (1979). Person and community in African traditional thought. In R. A. Wright (Ed.), African philosophy (pp. 171–181). University Press of America.
- Moemeka, A. (1996). Interpersonal communication in communalistic societies in Africa. Communication. In W. B. Gudykunst, S. Ting-Toomey, & T. Nishida (Eds.), Personal relationships across cultures (pp. 197–216). Sage Publications.
- Morris, M. H. (2009). Academic innovation, educational transformation and the building blocks for great entrepreneurship programs. Workshop Presentation, Millersville University of Pennsylvania, December 11, 2009.
- Morrison, A. (2000). Entrepreneurship: what triggers it? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 6(2), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550010335976
- Mphahlele, E. (1962). African culture trends. In P. Judd (Ed.), African independence (pp. 109–139). Dell Publishing Co.
- Mueller, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2001). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine-country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(1), 51–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00039-7
- Mufune, P. (2003). African culture and managerial behaviour: Clarifying the connections. South African Journal of Business Management, 34(3), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v34i3.684
- Mungai, E. N., & Ogot, M. (2012). Gender, culture and entrepreneurship in Kenya. International Business Research, 5(5), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n5p175
- Namatovu, R., Dawa, S., Adewale, A., & Mulira, F. (2018). Religious beliefs and entrepreneurial behaviors in Africa: A case study of the informal sector in Uganda. Africa Journal of Management, 4(3), 259–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2018.1516939
- Nnadozie, E. A. (1998). African culture & American business in Africa: how to strategically manage cultural differences in African business. Afrimax, Inc.
- Nnadozie, E. A. (2001). Managing African business culture. In F. M. Edoho (Ed.), Management challenges for Africa in the twenty-first century (pp. 51–62). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
- O’Neill, M. (2016). In Ghana, women and “market queens” dominate the economy. Retrieved Friday December 16, 2016 from https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/contributor/maggie-o39neill
- Opoku, K. A. (1982). The world view of the Akan. Tarikh (26 Akan Histories and Culture), 7(2), 61–73.
- Oppong, C. (1981). Middle class African marriage. Allen and Unwin.
- Oppong, J. R. (2003). Culture, conflict, and change in sub-Saharan Africa. In S. Aryeetey-Attoh (Ed.), Geography of sub-Saharan Africa (2nd ed; 134–64.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Oyewumi, O. (2002). Conceptualizing gender: The Eurocentric foundations of feminist concepts and the challenge of African epistemologies. Jenda: A Journal of Culture and African Woman Studies, 2(1). http://www.icaap.org/iuicode?000.2.1.8.
- Papadopoulos, N., & Blankson, C. (2018). Managing culture and money: Some critical issues facing African management and managers. Africa Journal of Management, 4(1), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2018.1449474
- Paris, P. J. (1995). The spirituality of African peoples: The search for a common moral discourse. Augsberg Fortress Press.
- Peredo, A. M., & McLean, M. (2013). Indigenous development and the cultural captivity of entrepreneurship. Business & Society, 52(4), 592–620. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650309356201
- Pinillos, M. J., & Reyes, L. (2011). Relationship between individualist–collectivist culture and entrepreneurial activity: evidence from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. Small Business Economics, 37(1), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9230-6
- Reid, M., Roumpi, D., & O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2015). Spirited women: The role of spirituality in the work lives of female entrepreneurs in Ghana. Africa Journal of Management, 1(3), 264–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2015.1062710
- Sarpong, P. (1974). Ghana in retrospect: Some aspects of Ghanaian culture. Ghana Publishing Company.
- Schwartz, S. (2006). A theory of cultural value orientations: Explication and applications. Comparative Sociology, 5(2–3), 137–182. https://doi.org/10.1163/156913306778667357
- Shane, S. (1993). Cultural influences on national rates of innovation. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(1), 59–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(93)90011-S
- Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–266. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611
- Shutte, A. (1995). Philosophy of Africa. Marquette University Press.
- Sofola, J. A. (1973). Africa culture and the African personality: What makes an African person African? African Resources Publishers Co.
- Spring, A., & McDade, B. E. (1998). Entrepreneurship in Africa: Traditional and contemporary paradigms. In A. Spring & B. E. McDade (Eds.), African entrepreneurship: Theory and reality (pp. 1–34). University Press of Florida.
- Spring, A., & Rutashobya, L. K. (2009). Gender-related themes in African entrepreneurship: introduction to the articles. Journal of African Business, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228910802701270
- Takyi-Asiedu, S. (1993). Some socio-cultural factors retarding entrepreneurial activity in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(2), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(93)90013-U
- Teffo, L. J., & Roux, A. J. P. (1998). Metaphysical thinking in Africa. In P. H. Coetzee & A. J. P. Roux (Eds.), The African Philosophy reader (pp. 134–148). New York: Routledge.
- Tembo, M. S. (1993). The witchdoctors are not wrong: The future role and impact of African psychology on individual well-being. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association held in Boston, MA, USA, December 4–7, 1993.
- Tiessen, J. H. (1997). Individualism, collectivism, and entrepreneurship: A framework for international comparative research. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(5), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)81199-8
- Vermeire, J. A. L., & Bruton, G. D. (2016). Entrepreneurial opportunities and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa: A review and Agenda for the future. Africa Journal of Management, 2(3), 258–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2016.1206803
- Whitfield, L. (2005). Trustees of development from conditionality to governance: Poverty reduction strategy papers in Ghana. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 43(4), 641–664. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X05001254
- Wiredu, K. (1980). Philosophy and an African culture. Cambridge University Press.
- Wolf, K., & Frese, M. (2018). Why husbands matter: Review of spousal influence on women entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa. Africa Journal of Management, 4(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2018.1428019
- Yusuf, A. B. (1975). Capital formation and management among the Muslim Hausa traders of Kano, Nigeria. Africa, 45(2), 167–182. https://doi.org/10.2307/1159655
- Zoogah, D. B. (2013). Career motivation, mentoring readiness, and participation in workplace mentoring programs: a cross-cultural study. Journal of African Business, 14(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2013.765310
- Zoogah, D. B., Peng, M. W., & Woldu, H. (2015). Institutions, resources, and organizational effectiveness in Africa. Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(1), 7–31. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2012.0033