1,764
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Recruitment of Migrant Workers in Bangladesh: Elements of Human Trafficking for Labor Exploitation

References

  • Afsar, R. (2009). Unravelling the vicious cycle of recruitment: Labour migration from Bangladesh to the Gulf States. Geneva, Switzerland: ILO.
  • Agunias, D. R. (2010). Migration’s middlemen, regulating recruitment agencies in the Philippines-United Arab emirates corridor. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute (MPI).
  • Amnesty International. (2016). The ugly site of the beautiful game: Exploitation of migrant workers on a qatar 2022 world cup site. Retrieved from https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde22/3548/2016/en/
  • Auwal, M. A. (2010). Ending the exploitation of migrant workers in the Gulf. Fletcher F. World Aff., 34, 87–107.
  • Badar, M. E. (2013). The concept of mens rea in international criminal law: The case for a unified approach. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training (BMET). (n.d.). The citizen’s charter (in Bengali). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Author.
  • Chantry, L. (1991). Intention and purpose in criminal law. The Liverpool Law Review, 13(37–52). doi:10.1007/BF01079305
  • Chuang, J. A. (2010). Rescuing trafficking from ideological rapture: Prostitution reform and anti-trafficking law and policy. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 158, 1655–1728.
  • Chuang, J. A. (2014). Exploitation creep and the unmaking of human trafficking Law. American Journal of International Law, 108, 609–649.
  • Dhaka Law Reports. (2003). The penal code (XLV of 1860) (1st ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Author.
  • Efrat, A. (2015). Global efforts against human trafficking: The misguided conflation of sex, labor, and organ trafficking. International Studies Perspectives, 17, 34–54.
  • Harroff-Tavel, H., & Nasri, A. (2013). Tricked and trapped: Human trafficking in the middle east. Beirut, Lebanon: International Labour Organization.
  • Human Rights Watch. (2014). “I already bought you” abuse and exploitation of female migrant domestic workers in the United Arab emirates. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/10/22/i-already-bought-you/abuse-and-exploitation-female-migrant-domestic-workers-united
  • Human Rights Watch. (2016). “I Was Sold” abuse and exploitation of migrant domestic workers in oman. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/07/13/i-was-sold/abuse-and-exploitation-migrant-domestic-workers-oman
  • Independent. (July 17, 2016). Migration cost from Bangladesh ‘highest’ in world. The Independent. Retrieved from http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/51543
  • International Labour Organization (ILO). (2014). The cost: Causes of and potential redress for high recruitment and migration costs in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • International Organization for Migration (IOM). (2010). Bangladesh Household Remittance Survey 2009 Summary Report.
  • Islam, M. N. (n.d.). Migration scenario: Nature, patterns and trends. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training (BMET).
  • Jureidini, R. (2010). Trafficking and contract migrant workers in the Middle East. International Migration, 48(4), 142–163.
  • Jureidini, R. (2014). Arab gulf states: Recruitment of Asian workers. Italy: European University Institute (EUI) and Gulf Research Center (GRC).
  • Jureidini, R. (2016). Ways forward in recruitment of ‘low-­skilled’ migrant workers in the Asia-­Arab states corridor: ILO white paper. ILO regional office for the Arab States. Beirut, Lebanon: ILO.
  • Keane, D., & McGeehan, N. (2008). Enforcing migrant workers’ rights in the United Arab emirates. International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, 15(1), 81–115.
  • Longva, A. N. (1999). Keeping migrant workers in check: The kafala system in the gulf. Middle East Report, 211, 20–22.
  • Lori, N. (2012). Temporary workers or permanent migrants? The kafala system and contestations over residency in the Arab Gulf States. Paris, France: Institut Français des Relations Internationales.
  • Mehedi Hasan @ Modern (Md.) and others Vs. State, 2012 66 DLR (AD). (2014). Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. (2013). Bangladesh country report, 2013: Combating human trafficking. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Author.
  • Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. (2014). Bangladesh country report, 2014: Combating human trafficking. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Author.
  • Palma, P. (2016, December 9). Migration cost goes up, wages not so. The Daily Star. Retrieved from http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/migration-cost-goes-wages-not-so-1327447
  • Pessoa, S., Harkness, L., & Gardner, A. (2014). Ethiopian labor migrants and the “Free Visa” system in Qatar. Human Organization, 73(3), 205–213.
  • Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2013). International Migration Report 2013. United Nations.
  • Rahman, M. M. (2012). Bangladeshi labour migration to the gulf states: Patterns of recruitment and processes. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue Canadienne D’études Du Développement, 33(2), 214–230.
  • Rashid, S. R. (2012). Capitalizing on social ties for overseas labor migration: Findings from Bangladesh. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 21(1), 31–55.
  • Sakhawat, A. (2016, August 31). KSA migration cost fixed at Tk1.65 lakh. The Daily Star. Retrieved from http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2016/08/30/migration-cost-ksa-fixed-tk1-65-lakh/
  • Shah, N. M. (2009). The management of irregular migration and its consequence for development: Gulf cooperation council (No. 431863). Bangkok, Thailand: International Labour Organization.
  • Shah, N. M., & Fargues, P. (2011). ‘Introduction’, special issue on migration in the gulf states: Issues and prospects. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 20, 267–292.
  • Siddiqui, T. (2010). Recruitment cost in Bangladesh: Challenges of governing migration in the countries of origin. (Working Paper Series no. 25, RMMRU) 15. Dhaka, Bangladesh: RMMRU. Retrieved from http://www.rmmru.org/newsite/wp content/uploads/2013/07/workingpaper25.pdf
  • Smith, J. C., & Hogan, B. (1988). Criminal Law (6th ed.). London, UK: Butterworths.
  • Sönmez, S., Apostopoulos, Y., Diane Tran, D., & Rentrope, S. (2011). Human rights and health disparities for migrant workers in the UAE. Health and Human Rights, 13, 17–35.
  • Tock, A. (2010). The dark side of the dunes: The plight of migrant labourers in the United Arab Emirates, relative to international standards protecting the rights of migrant workers. UCL Human Rights Review, 3, 109–149.
  • Turner, J. C. (ed). (1966). Kenny’s outline of criminal law (19th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  • United States Department of State. (2015). Trafficking in Persons Report 2015.
  • Uy, R. (2011). Blinded by red lights: Why trafficking discourse should shift away from sex and the “perfect victim” paradigm. Barkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice, 26, 204–219.
  • Vlieger, A. (2012). Domestic workers in Saudi Arabia and the emirates: Trafficking victims? International Migration, 50, 181–194.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.