Doomed to Fail: Golda Meir's Mission to Moscow (Part II)

Notes

• See, for example, Yedioth Ahronoth, August 2, 1948.
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• Telegram from Golda to Sharett, September 7, 1948, SA, 2325/4/FM; Pravda, September 8, 1948; Mordechai Namir, Mission to Moscow: Honeymoon and Years of Wrath [Hebrew] (Tel Aviv, 1971), pp. 41–42.
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• See interview with Golda, Yedioth Ahronoth, July 26, 1968.
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• See, for instance, Golda's reports to Sharett on her meetings with a senior deputy at the Soviet Foreign Ministry, September 15 and 24, 1948; SA, 2325/4/FM; Yaacov Ro'i, Soviet Decision Making in Practice: The USSR and Israel, 1947–1954 (New Brunswick, 1980), pp. 183ff.
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• See Golda's speech on April 16, 1950, the Pinhas Lavon Histadrut Archives (hereafter HA), Tel Aviv, IV/104/53/94.
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• See, for instance, Golda's conversation with Schevorin in Namir op. cit., p. 71.
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• See Golda's speech on April 16, 1950, HA, IV/104/53/94.
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• See, for example, telegram from Sharett to Golda, November 5, 1948, SA, 2325/3/FM.
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• Among them were Arye Lapid, second secretary, Moshe Bedjerano, economic attaché, and others. See Davar, August 30, 1948. For further details see: Ro'i, op. cit., pp. 183, 230; Namir, op. cit., pp. 13–95; Binyamin Pinkus, Extraordinary Relations: The Soviet Union and Its Allies and Their Relations with the Jewish People, Zionism, and the State of Israel, 1939–1959 [Hebrew] (Be'er Sheva, 2007), pp. 221–226.
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• See, for example, telegram from Namir to Golda, December 16, 1948, SA, 2325/4/FM.
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• See letter from Freedman to Reuven Rubin, March 8, 1949, SA, 2493/1/FM.
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• See Ro'i, op. cit., p. 184.
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• Interview with Lu Kedar, Yedioth Aharonoth, December 12, 1980.
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• Golda Meir, My Life [Hebrew] (Tel Aviv, 1975) p. 176.
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• Ibid., p. 180.
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• Ibid., p. 181.
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• Namir, op. cit., p. 50.
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• See interview with Golda, Yedioth Ahronoth, September 19, 1971.
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• Stalin's two aides, Lazar Kaganovich and Georgiy Malenkov, asked Ehrenburg to pen the article in Pravda, after Golda had had her reception; interview with Ilya Ehrenburg, ibid., December 20, 1963.
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• Pravda, September 21, 1948; Namir, op. cit., pp. 242–250.
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• The number of Jews at the Great Synagogue has been subject to some debate. Namir, an eyewitness, describes in his book how thousands came to the synagogue (Namir, op. cit., pp. 64–65), and elsewhere puts the number at 50,000 crowding outside (ibid., p. 184). Yehoshua A. Gilboa, in his The Black Years: Soviet Jewry 1939- 1953 [Hebrew] (Tel Aviv, 1972), p. 120, writes of about 30,000 Jews in and around the synagogue, while others provide different figures. We have cited the data published in The Jewish Chronicle, October 8, 1948.
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• J. B. Schechtman, “The USSR, Zionism and Israel,” Lional Kochan, (ed.), The Jews in Soviet Russia Since 1917 (Oxford, New York, 1978), p. 124.
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• See Namir, op.cit., pp. 64–66.
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• See, for instance, the response of Jews who later became aliyah activists, and who had witnessed the drama in the synagogue in Moscow, Benyamin Pinkus, Revival and National Resurrection: Zionism and the Zionist Movement in the Soviet Union, 1947–1987 [Hebrew] (Be'er Sheva, 1993), pp. 221, 225, 278, and more.
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• Letter from Moscow, which was included with a report to the prime minister from the research wing at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, dated November 24, 1948, BGA.
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• Marie Syrkin, Golda Meir: Israel's Leader (New York, 1969) p. 229.
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• Schechtman, op. cit., p. 124.
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• Benjamin West (ed.), Struggle of a Generation: The Jews under Soviet Rule (Tel Aviv, 1959), p. 44.
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• See, for instance, Benyamin Pinkus, Revival, op. cit., p. 278.
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• Pravda, September 21, 1948; see also The New York Times, November 23, 1949.
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• Gilboa, op. cit., p. 123ff.
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• Ro'i, op. cit., pp. 297ff.
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• Ibid., pp. 206–217.
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• See letter from the Chief of General Staff Dori to Retner, October 25, 1948; letter from Ben-Gurion to Retner, October 6, 1948; letter from Ben-Gurion to Retner, November 7, 1948, SA, 2325/FM, files 2, 1, 4.
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• Namir, op. cit., pp. 74–76.
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• Telegram from Golda to Walter Eitan, April 16, 1949, SA, 2325/4/FM.
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• Ibid., November 9, 1948.
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• See, for example, letter from Golda to Sharett, October 26, 1948, SA, 2325/1/FM.
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• Namir, op. cit., pp. 58–59.
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• See, for example, Letter from Golda to Sharett, SA, 2325/4/FM.
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• See, for instance, Golda's speech at the meeting of the directors of the Jewish Agency which took place in Jerusalem, December 13, 1948, CZA.
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• See Golda's speech on April 16, 1950, HA, IV/104/53/94.
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• Ibid.
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• Namir, op. cit., pp. 100–101.
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• Ro'i, op. cit., p. 198.
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• The New York Times, December 30, 1970.
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• Namir, op. cit., pp. 83–84.
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• Yedioth Aharonoth, March 27, 1953, and ibid., October 10, 1969.
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• See telegram from Golda to Walter Eitan, November 9, 1948, op. cit.; Ro'i, op. cit., pp. 196–197, 199–200.
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• Yedioth Ahronoth, January 2, 1950.
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• Ibid.
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• Ben-Gurion Diaries (BGD), December 6, 1948.
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• Ibid., January 17, 1949.
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• Meir, op. cit., p. 186.
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• BGD, December 28, 1948.
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• Haaretz, January 27, 1949.
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• Letter from Ben-Gurion to Golda, January 27, 1949, BGA.
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• See BGD, January 26, 1949.
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• Namir, op. cit., p. 111.
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• Ibid., p. 112.
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• Indeed, it appears that Golda intentionally did not let Sharett know when she was coming back. The Minister of Foreign Affairs had to telegraph her to ask for her date of departure. Telegram from Sharett to Golda, April 1, 1949, SA, 117/19/FM.
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• Yedioth Ahronoth, January 18, 1950.
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• Ibid., February 10, 1949.
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• Ibid., April 19, 1949.
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