Technology Innovation and Digital Journalism Practice by Indigenous African-language Newspapers: The Case of uMthunywa in Zimbabwe

References

• Berker, T., M. Hartmana, Y. Punie, and K. Ward. 2006. Domestication of media and technology. Berkshire: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, M., S. Robinson, S. C. Lewis, and D. A. Berkowitz. 2018. “Journalism studies and its core commitments: The making of a communication field.” Journal of Communication 68: 6–25. doi:10.1093/joc/jqx006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chibuwe, A. 2021. “Indigenous language newspapers in Zimbabwe: Kwayedza and UMthunywa and the struggle for survival.” In African language media: Development, economics and management, edited by A. Salawu, 105–119. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Feenberg, A. 1999. Questioning technology. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Feenberg, A. 2017. “A Critical Theory of Technology.” In Handbook of science and technology studies, edited by U. Felt, R. Fouche, C. A. Miller, and L. Smith-Doerr, 635–663. Cambridge: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• García-Avilés, J. A., and M. Carvajal. 2008. “Integrated and cross-media newsroom convergence: Two models of multimedia news production – The cases of Novotécnica and La Verdad Multimedia in Spain.” Convergence: The International Journal of Research Into New Media Technologies 14 (2): 221–239. doi:10.1177/1354856507087945
   Google Scholar
• García-Avilés, J. A., M. Carvajal-Prieto, F. Arias-Robles, and A. Lara-González. 2019. “Journalists’ views on innovating in the newsroom: Proposing a model of the diffusion of innovations in media outlets.” The Journal of Media Innovations 5 (1): 1–16. doi:10.5617/jomi.v5i1.3968
   Google Scholar
• Gondwe, G., and R.A. White. 2021. “Data Journalism Practice in Sub-Saharan African Media Systems: A Cross-National Survey of Journalists’ Perceptions in Zambia and Tanzania.” African Journalism Studies. DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2021.1929368.
   Google Scholar
• Grimes, S. M., and A. Feenberg. 2013. “Critical Theory of Technology.” In The SAGE handbook of digital technology research, edited by S. Price, C. Jewitt, and B. Brown, 121–129. London: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Küng, L. 2017. “Reflections on the ascendancy of technology in the media and its implications for organisations and their leaders.” The Journal of Media Innovations 4 (1): 77–81. doi:10.5617/jmi.v4i1.3171
   Google Scholar
• Limb, P. 2005. “The digitization of Africa.” Africa Today 52 (2): 3–19. doi:10.1353/at.2006.0010
   Google Scholar
• Mabweazara, H. M. 2007. “An investigation into the popularity of the Zimbabwean tabloid newspaper, uMthunywa: A reception study of Bulawayo readers.” (Unpublished Masters’ thesis). Rhodes University, Grahamstown.
   Google Scholar
• Mabweazara, H. M. 2011. “Between the newsroom and the pub: The mobile phone in the dynamics of everyday mainstream journalism practice in Zimbabwe.” Journalism 12 (6): 692–707. doi:10.1177/1464884911405468
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malatji, E. D. 2014. “The development and sustainability of indigenous African language newspapers: A case study of Seipone, Nthavela and Ngoho News.” (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). University of Limpopo, Limpopo.
   Google Scholar
• Mpofu, P. 2021. “The politics of language and the underdevelopment of African language press in Zimbabwe.” In African language media: Development, economics and management, edited by A. Salawu, 34–52. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Mpofu, P., and A. Salawu. 2018. “Culture of sensationalism and indigenous language press in Zimbabwe: implications on language development.” African Identities 16 (3): 333–348. doi:10.1080/14725843.2018.1473147
   Google Scholar
• Munoriyarwa, A. 2021. “The decline of the indigenous language press in post-colonial Zimbabwe.” In African language media: Development, economics and management, edited by A. Salawu, 55–73. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Orao, J. 2009. “The Kenyan indigenous languages and the mass media: Challenges and opportunities.” Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics 38: 77–86.
   Google Scholar
• Posetti, J. 2018. Time to step away from the ‘bright, shiny things’? Towards a sustainable model of journalism innovation in an era of perpetual change, [Online]. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2018-11/Posetti_Towards_a_Sustainable_model_of_Journalism_FINAL.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Puijk, R., E.N. Hestnes, S. Holm, A. Jakobsen, and M. Myrdal. 2021. “Local newspapers’ transition to online publishing and video use: Experiences from Norway.” Journalism Studies. DOI:10.1080/1461670X.2021.1922303.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rogers, E. M. 2003. Diffusion of innovations. 5th ed. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ryfe, D. 2017. “Newspapers and reporting: Keystones of the journalistic field.” In The Routledge companion to digital journalism studies, edited by B. Franklin and S.A. Eldridge II, 459–468. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Salawu, A. 2013. “Stunted growth: An exploration into the failures of African-language newspapers, Imvo Zabantsundu in focus.” African Journalism Studies 34 (2): 73–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salawu, A. 2019. “Alaroye, Isolezwe and the adoption of digital technologies.” In African language digital media and communication, edited by A. Salawu, 1–8. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Salawu, A. 2021. “Introduction: Towards the development and substantiality of African language media.” In African language media: Development, economics and management, edited by A. Salawu, 1–12. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Stroud, N. J., J. M. Scacco, and A. L. Curry. 2016. “The presence and use of interactive features on news websites.” Digital Journalism 4 (3): 339–358. doi:10.1080/21670811.2015.1042982.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Herald. 2020. Zimpapers digital platforms save the day, [Online]. Accessed 5 May 202. https://www.herald.co.zw/zimpapers-digital-platforms-save-the-day/].
   Google Scholar
• Tshabangu, T. 2019. “Citizen journalism and alternative media in Zimbabwe: An ethnographic study of citizen participation, newsmaking practices and discourses at AMH Voices.” (Unpublished PhD thesis). Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch.
   Google Scholar
• Vos, T. P., and P. Ferrucci. 2018. “Who am I? Perceptions of digital journalists’ professional identity.” In The Routledge Handbook of Developments in Digital Journalism, edited by S. A. Eldridge, and B. Franklin, 40–52. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Waisbord, S. 2019. “The 5Ws and 1H of digital journalism.” Digital Journalism 7 (3): 351–358. doi:10.1080/21670811.2018.1545592
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wajcman, J. 2010. “Feminist theories of technology.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 34: 143–152. doi:10.1093/cje/ben057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar