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Science and Technology for the Built Environment Volume 22, 2016 - Issue 4
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Original Articles

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of flammable refrigerant leaks inside machine rooms: Evaluation of ventilation mitigation requirements

Paul PapasUnited Technologies Research Center, 411 Silver Lane, MS 129-29, East Hartford, 06118, CT, USACorrespondence[email protected]
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,
Shiling ZhangUnited Technologies Research Center, 411 Silver Lane, MS 129-29, East Hartford, 06118, CT, USAView further author information
,
Hai JiangUnited Technologies Research Center (China) Ltd, Shanghai, ChinaView further author information
,
Parmesh VermaUnited Technologies Research Center, 411 Silver Lane, MS 129-29, East Hartford, 06118, CT, USAView further author information
,
Ivan RydkinCarrier Corporation, Syracuse, NY, USAView further author information
,
Richard LordCarrier Corporation, Murfreesboro, TN, USAView further author information
&
Larry BurnsCarrier Corporation, Indianapolis IN, USAView further author information
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Pages 463-471 | Received 14 Sep 2015, Accepted 23 Feb 2016, Published online: 27 Apr 2016

References

  • ANSI/ASHRAE. 2013a. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 15-2013, Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems. Atlanta: ANSI/ASHRAE., GA 30329-2305. ISSN 1041-2336 .
  • ANSI/ASHRAE. 2013b. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta: ANSI/ASHRAE. 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. ISSN 1041-2336.
  • ANSI/IIAR. 2008. ANSI/IIAR Standard 2-2008. Standard for the Safe Design of Closed-Circuit Ammonia Refrigeration Systems. Alexandria: ANSI/IIAR.
  • ANSYS® Academic Research. 2009. FLUENT, Release 12.1. Canonsburg, PA: ANSYS.
  • Fenton, D., and W. Richards. 2001. ASHRAE Standard 15-2001 Users’ Manual. Section 8, Installation Restrictions, pp. 19-32. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
  • International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 2014. Standard ISO 5149-2014, Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps- Safety and Environmental Requirements. Geneva Switzerland: ISO.
  • Kondo, S., K. Takizawa, and Tokuhashi. 2012. Effects of temperature and humidity on the flammability limits of several 2L refrigerants. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 144:130–6.
  • Pearson, A. 2015. Machinery room ventilation. ASHRAE Journal 57(10):88.
  • Petersen, R.L., Beyer-Lout, and S.K. Waye. 2012. Ventilation requirements for refrigerating machinery rooms. ASHRAE research report 1448-TRP, ASHRAE, Atlanta.

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