Amplifying impact of labour market flexibility on right-wing populism in the EU countries

References

• Acemoglu, D., Naidu, S., Restrepo, P., & Robinson, J. A. (2019). Democracy does cause growth. Journal of Political Economy, 127(1), 47–100. https://doi.org/10.1086/700936
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahir, H., Bloom, N., & Furceri, D. (2022). The World Uncertainty Index. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Working Paper, No. 29763, Cambridge, MA: NBER.
   Google Scholar
• Algan, Y., Guriev, S., Papaioannou, E., & Passari, E. (2017). The European trust crisis and the rise of populism. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2017(2), 309–400. https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2017.0015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Autor, D., Dorn, D., & Hanson, G. H. (2013). The China syndrome: Local labor market effects of import competition in the United States. American Economic Review, 103(6), 2121–2168. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.6.2121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballard-Rosa, C., Malik, M. A., Rickard, S. J., & Scheve, K. (2021). The economic origins of authoritarian values: Evidence from local trade shocks in the United Kingdom. Comparative Political Studies, 54(13), 2321–2353. https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140211024296
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barone, G., & Kreuter, H. (2021). Low-wage import competition and populist backlash: The case of Italy. European Journal of Political Economy, 67, 101970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101970
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergh, A. (2021). The compensation hypothesis revisited and reversed. Scandinavian Political Studies, 44(2), 140–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9477.12191
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergh, A., & Kärnä, A. (2021). Globalization and populism in Europe. Public Choice, 189(1–2), 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-020-00857-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berman, S. (2021). The causes of populism in the west. Annual Review of Political Science, 24(1), 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102503
   Google Scholar
• Bruno, G. S. (2005). Estimation and inference in dynamic unbalanced panel-data models with a small number of individuals. The Stata Journal: Promoting Communications on Statistics and Stata, 5(4), 473–500. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X0500500401
   Google Scholar
• Caiani, M., & Graziano, P. (2019). Understanding varieties of populism in times of crises. West European Politics, 42(6), 1141–1158. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1598062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colantone, I., & Stanig, P. (2019). The surge of economic nationalism in Western Europe. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(4), 128–151. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.4.128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dal Bó, E., Finan, F., Folke, O., Persson, T., & Rickne, J. (2021). Economic and Social Outsiders but Political Insiders: Sweden’s Populist Radical Right. August 2021, Mimeo, https://eml.berkeley.edu/~ffinan/Finan_SwedenDemocrats.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• D’Amuri, F., & Peri, G. (2014). Immigration, jobs, and employment protection: Evidence from Europe before and during the great recession. Journal of the European Economic Association, 12(2), 432–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeea.12040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson, C., Heyman, F., Matusz, S., Sjöholm, F., & Zhu, S. C. (2014). Globalization and imperfect labor market sorting. Journal of International Economics, 94(2), 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2014.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorn, D., Hanson, G., & Majlesi, K. (2020). Importing political polarization? The electoral consequences of rising trade exposure. American Economic Review, 110(10), 3139–3183. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, J., Gozgor, G., & Nolt, J. H. (2021a). Globalisation, economic uncertainty and labour market regulations: Implications for the COVID-19 crisis. The World Economy, forthcoming, https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, J., Gozgor, G., & Yan, C. (2021b). Does globalisation alleviate polarisation? The World Economy, 44(4), 1031–1052. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fetzer, T. (2019). Did austerity cause brexit? American Economic Review, 109(11), 3849–3886. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181164
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foged, M., & Peri, G. (2016). Immigrants’ effect on native workers: New analysis on longitudinal data. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 8(2), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20150114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gozgor, G. (2022). The role of economic Uncertainty in the rise of EU populism. Public Choice, 190(1), 229–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-021-00933-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gwartney, J., Lawson, R., & Hall, J. (2021). Economic freedom of the World 2021 Annual report. Fraser Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Gygli, S., Haelg, F., Potrafke, N., & Sturm, J–E. (2019). The KOF globalisation index – revisited. The Review of International Organizations, 14(3), 543–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-019-09344-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hacker, J. S., & Pierson, P. (2020). Let them Eat tweets: How the right rules in an Age of Extreme inequality. Liveright Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Helpman, E., & Itskhoki, O. (2010). Labour market rigidities, trade and unemployment. Review of Economic Studies, 77(3), 1100–1137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2010.00600.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha, P., & Gozgor, G. (2019). Globalization and taxation: Theory and evidence. European Journal of Political Economy, 59, 296–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2019.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurer, T. (2020). The declining middle: Occupational change, social status, and the populist right. Comparative Political Studies, 53(10–11), 1798–1835. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414020912283
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2008). The economic consequences of legal origins. Journal of Economic Literature, 46(2), 285–332. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.46.2.285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margalit, Y. (2019). Economic insecurity and the causes of populism, reconsidered. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(4), 152–170. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.4.152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall, M. G., & Gurr, T. R. (2020). Polity5: Political regime characteristics and transitions, 1800–2018. Centre for Systemic Peace.
   Google Scholar
• Milner, H. V. (2021). Voting for populism in Europe: Globalization, technological change, and the Extreme right. Comparative Political Studies, 54(13), 2286–2320. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414021997175
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mudde, C., & Rovira Kaltwasser, C. (2017). Populism: A very short introduction. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2019). Cultural backlash: Trump, brexit, and Authoritarian populism. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2021). Foreign Population indicator. OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Pew. (2021). Pew Research center's religion & Public life project. Pew.
   Google Scholar
• Potrafke, N. (2013). Globalization and labor market institutions: International empirical evidence. Journal of Comparative Economics, 41(3), 829–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2013.02.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potrafke, N. (2015). The evidence on globalisation. The World Economy, 38(3), 509–552. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed, R., Lira, C., Byung-Ki, L., & Lee, J. (2016). Free trade agreements and foreign direct investment: The role of endogeneity and dynamics. Southern Economic Journal, 83(1), 176–201. https://doi.org/10.1002/soej.12136
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrik, D. (2018). Is populism necessarily Bad economics? AEA Papers and Proceedings, 108, 196–199. https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20181122
   Google Scholar
• Rodrik, D. (2021). Why does globalization fuel populism? Economics, culture, and the rise of right-wing populism. Annual Review of Economics, 13(1), 133–170. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-070220-032416
   Google Scholar
• Ruzza, C., & Sanchez Salgado, R. (2021). The populist turn in EU politics and the intermediary role of civil society organisations. European Politics and Society, 22(4), 471–485. https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2020.1801180
   Google Scholar
• Solt, F. (2020). Measuring income inequality across countries and over time: The standardized World income inequality database. Social Science Quarterly, 101(3), 1183–1199. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12795
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stock, J., & Yogo, M. (2005). Testing for weak instruments in linear IV regression. In D. W. K. Andrews (Ed.), Identification and Inference for econometric models (pp. 80–108). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Timbro. (2020). The Timbro Authoritarian Populism Index (TAP) 2020. Timbro.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). (2021). Refugee data finder: Asylum applications. UNHCR.
   Google Scholar
• Walter, S. (2021). The backlash against globalization. Annual Review of Political Science, 24(1), 421–442. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Bank. (2022). World Development indicators (WDI) dataset. World Bank.
   Google Scholar