2,049
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Matrix mechanophysical factor: pore size governs the cell behavior in cancer

ORCID Icon, , , , &
Article: 2153624 | Received 25 Oct 2021, Accepted 25 Oct 2022, Published online: 07 Dec 2022

References

  • Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2021;71:209–22.
  • Charras G, Sahai E. Physical influences of the extracellular environment on cell migration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014Dec; 15: 813–824 PubMed PMID: 25355506; eng
  • Wei J-H, Haddad A, K-J W, et al. A CpG-methylation-based assay to predict survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Nature Communications. 2015;6:1–11.
  • Geiger B, KMJCSHpib Y. Molecular architecture and function of matrix adhesions. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 2011;3:a005033.
  • Akhmanova M, Osidak E, Domogatsky S, et al. Physical, spatial, and molecular aspects of extracellular matrix of in vivo niches and artificial scaffolds relevant to stem cells research. Stem Cells Int. 2015;2015:167025. PubMed PMID: 26351461; eng.
  • Eiselt P, Yeh J, Latvala RK, et al. Porous carriers for biomedical applications based on alginate hydrogels. Biomaterials. 2000;21:1921–1927.
  • Loh QL, Choong C. Three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: role of porosity and pore size. Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2013;19:485–502. PubMed PMID: 23672709; eng.
  • Salerno A, Di Maio E, Iannace S, et al. Tailoring the pore structure of PCL scaffolds for tissue engineering prepared via gas foaming of multi-phase blends. Journal of Porous Materials. 2012;19:181–188.
  • O’Brien FJ, Harley BA, Waller MA, et al. The effect of pore size on permeability and cell attachment in collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering. Technology and Health Care: Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine. 2007;15:3–17.
  • Frantz C, Stewart KM, Weaver VM. The extracellular matrix at a glance. J Cell Sci. 2010;123:4195–4200. PubMed PMID: 21123617; eng.
  • Henke E, Nandigama R, Ergun S. Extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment and its impact on cancer therapy. Front Mol Biosci. 2019;6:160. PubMed PMID: 32118030; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7025524.
  • Lu P, Takai K, Weaver VM, et al. Extracellular matrix degradation and remodeling in development and disease. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 2011;3:a005058.
  • Mecham RP. Overview of extracellular matrix. Curr Protoc Cell Biol. 2012 Dec; 57 Chapter 10:Unit 10 1. 10.1002/0471143030.cb1001s57. PubMed PMID: 23208544.
  • Trappmann B, Chen CS. How cells sense extracellular matrix stiffness: a material’s perspective. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013;24:948–953. PubMed PMID: 23611564; eng.
  • Petrie RJ, Harlin HM, Korsak LIT, et al. Activating the nuclear piston mechanism of 3D migration in tumor cells. The Journal of Cell Biology. 2017;216:93–100.
  • Guimarães CF, Gasperini L, Marques AP, et al. The stiffness of living tissues and its implications for tissue engineering. Nat Rev Mater. 2020;5:351–370. 2020 May 01.
  • Gospodarowicz D, Greenburg G, Birdwell CR. Determination of cellular shape by the extracellular matrix and its correlation with the control of cellular growth. Cancer Res. 1978 Nov;38:4155–4171. PubMed PMID: 359133; eng.
  • Caswell PT, TJTicb Z. Actin-based cell protrusion in a 3D matrix. Trends in Cell Biology. 2018;28:823–834.
  • Oliviero O, Ventre M, PJAb N. Functional porous hydrogels to study angiogenesis under the effect of controlled release of vascular endothelial growth factor. Acta biomaterialia. 2012;8:3294–3301.
  • Perez RA, Gjms M, E C. Role of pore size and morphology in musculo-skeletal tissue regeneration. Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications. 2016;61:922–939.
  • Artel A, Mehdizadeh H, Chiu Y-C, et al. An agent-based model for the investigation of neovascularization within porous scaffolds. Tissue Engineering. Part A. 2011;17:2133–2141.
  • Ma T, Li Y, Yang ST, et al. Effects of pore size in 3‐D fibrous matrix on human trophoblast tissue development. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 2000;70:606–618.
  • Yin Y, X-T H, Wang J, et al. Pore size-mediated macrophage M1-to-M2 transition influences new vessel formation within the compartment of a scaffold. Applied Materialstoday. 2020;18:100466.
  • Yamada KM, Sixt M. Mechanisms of 3D cell migration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019 2019 Dec 01;20:738–752.
  • Khatau SB, Bloom RJ, Bajpai S, et al. The distinct roles of the nucleus and nucleus-cytoskeleton connections in three-dimensional cell migration. Sci Rep. 2012;2:488. PubMed PMID: 22761994; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3388469. eng.
  • Renkawitz J, Kopf A, Stopp J, et al. Nuclear positioning facilitates amoeboid migration along the path of least resistance. Nature. 2019 Apr;568:546–550. PubMed PMID: 30944468; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7217284. eng
  • Yang YL, Leone LM, Kaufman LJ. Elastic moduli of collagen gels can be predicted from two-dimensional confocal microscopy. Biophys J. 2009 Oct 7;97:2051–2060. PubMed PMID: 19804737; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2756380. eng.
  • Swift J, Ivanovska IL, Buxboim A, et al. Nuclear lamin-A scales with tissue stiffness and enhances matrix-directed differentiation. Science (New York, NY). 2013 Aug 30;341:1240104. PubMed PMID: 23990565; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3976548. eng.
  • Harada T, Swift J, Irianto J, et al. Nuclear lamin stiffness is a barrier to 3D migration, but softness can limit survival. J Cell Biol. 2014 Mar 3;204:669–682. PubMed PMID: 24567359; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3941057. eng.
  • Irianto J, Pfeifer CR, Bennett RR, et al. Nuclear constriction segregates mobile nuclear proteins away from chromatin. Mol Biol Cell. 2016 Dec 15;27:4011–4020. PubMed PMID: 27798234; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5156542. eng.
  • Wolf K, Te Lindert M, Krause M, et al. Physical limits of cell migration: control by ECM space and nuclear deformation and tuning by proteolysis and traction force. J Cell Biol. 2013 Jun 24;201:1069–1084. PubMed PMID: 23798731; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3691458. eng.
  • Wisdom KM, Adebowale K, Chang J, et al. Matrix mechanical plasticity regulates cancer cell migration through confining microenvironments. Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 8;9:4144. PubMed PMID: 30297715; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6175826. eng.
  • Ma Z, Kotaki M, Inai R, et al. Potential of nanofiber matrix as tissue-engineering scaffolds. Tissue Engineering. 2005;11:101–109.
  • Guarino V, Ambrosio L. Electrofluidodynamics: exploring a new toolbox to design biomaterials for tissue regeneration and degeneration. Future Med. 2016; 11(12). doi:10.2217/nnm-2016-0108 .
  • Guarino V, ME AL, Part H. Journal of Engineering in Medicine. Temperature-driven processing techniques for manufacturing fully interconnected porous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine. 2010;224:1389–1400.
  • Liu X, Pxjb M. Phase separation, pore structure, and properties of nanofibrous gelatin scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2009;30:4094–4103.
  • Granados‐Hernández MV, Serrano‐Bello J, Montesinos JJ, et al. In vitro and in vivo biological characterization of poly (lactic acid) fiber scaffolds synthesized by air jet spinning. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials. 2018;106:2435–2446.
  • Hou Q, Grijpma DW, Feijen JJB. Porous polymeric structures for tissue engineering prepared by a coagulation, compression moulding and salt leaching technique. Biomaterials. 2003;24:1937–1947.
  • Yoon JJ, Song SH, Lee DS, et al. Immobilization of cell adhesive RGD peptide onto the surface of highly porous biodegradable polymer scaffolds fabricated by a gas foaming/salt leaching method. Biomaterials. 2004;25:5613–5620.
  • Kim TK, Yoon JJ, Lee DS, et al. Gas foamed open porous biodegradable polymeric microspheres. Biomaterials. 2006;27:152–159.
  • Seck TM, Melchels FP, Feijen J, et al. Designed biodegradable hydrogel structures prepared by stereolithography using poly (ethylene glycol)/poly. Journal of Controlled Release: Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society. 2010 D, L-lactide)-based resins;148:34–41.
  • Elomaa L, Teixeira S, Hakala R, et al. Preparation of poly (ε-caprolactone)-based tissue engineering scaffolds by stereolithography. Acta biomaterialia. 2011;7:3850–3856.
  • Yan M, Tian X, Peng G, et al. Hierarchically porous materials prepared by selective laser sintering. Materials & Design. 2017;135:62–68.
  • Xiong Z, Yan Y, Zhang R, et al. Fabrication of porous poly (L-lactic acid) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering via precise extrusion. Scripta Materialia. 2001;45:773–779.
  • Soo Kim B, Ji Kim E, Suk Choi J, et al. Human collagen‐based multilayer scaffolds for tendon‐to‐bone interface tissue engineering. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A. 2014;102:4044–4054.
  • Sultana N, Wang M. Fabrication of HA/PHBV composite scaffolds through the emulsion freezing/freeze-drying process and characterisation of the scaffolds. Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine. 2008;19:2555.
  • Chiu Y-C, Larson JC, Isom JA, et al. Generation of porous poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogels by salt leaching. Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods. 2010;16:905–912.
  • De Nardo L, Bertoldi S, Cigada A, et al. Preparation and characterization of shape memory polymer scaffolds via solvent casting/particulate leaching. Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials. 2012;10:119–126.
  • Intranuovo F, Gristina R, Brun F, et al. Plasma modification of PCL porous scaffolds fabricated by solvent‐casting/particulate‐leaching for tissue engineering. Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2014;11:184–195.
  • Gu Z, Fu J, Lin H, et al. Development of 3D bioprinting: from printing methods to biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2020;15:529–557. 2020 Sep 01.
  • Mickel W, Münster S, Jawerth LM, et al. Robust pore size analysis of filamentous networks from three-dimensional confocal microscopy. Biophys J. 2008 Dec 15;95:6072–6080. PubMed PMID: 18835899; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2599830. eng.
  • Raub CB, Unruh J, Suresh V, et al. Image correlation spectroscopy of multiphoton images correlates with collagen mechanical properties. Biophys J. 2008 Mar 15;94:2361–2373. PubMed PMID: 18065452; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2257909. eng.
  • Yang YL, Motte S, Kaufman LJ. Pore size variable type I collagen gels and their interaction with glioma cells. Biomaterials. 2010Jul; 31: 5678–5688 PubMed PMID: 20430434; eng
  • Chanes-Cuevas OA, Perez-Soria A, Cruz-Maya I, et al. Macro-, micro-and mesoporous materials for tissue engineering applications. AIMS Materials Science. 2018;5:1124–1140.
  • Madden LR, Mortisen DJ, Sussman EM, et al. Proangiogenic scaffolds as functional templates for cardiac tissue engineering. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2010;107:15211–15216.
  • Murphy CM, O’Brien FJ. O”Brien FJJCa, migration. Understanding the effect of mean pore size on cell activity in collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds. Cell Adhesion & Migration. 2010;4:377–381.
  • Mandal BB, Scjb K. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow cells on non-mulberry and mulberry silk gland fibroin 3D scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2009;30:5019–5030.
  • Rnjak-Kovacina J, Wise SG, Li Z, et al. Tailoring the porosity and pore size of electrospun synthetic human elastin scaffolds for dermal tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 2011;32:6729–6736.
  • Griffon DJ, Sedighi MR, Schaeffer DV, et al. Chitosan scaffolds: interconnective pore size and cartilage engineering. Acta biomaterialia. 2006;2:313–320.
  • Uematsu K, Hattori K, Ishimoto Y, et al. Cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells and a three-dimensional poly-lactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffold. Biomaterials. 2005;26:4273–4279.
  • Wang M, Pei H, Zhang L, et al. Hepatogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells on poly-lactide-co-glycolide scaffolds: in vitro and in vivo studies. Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods. 2010;16:1041–1050.
  • Kasten P, Beyen I, Niemeyer P, et al. Porosity and pore size of β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold can influence protein production and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro and in vivo study. Acta Biomaterialia. 2008;4:1904–1915.
  • Kuboki Y, Jin Q, Takita HJJ. Geometry of carriers controlling phenotypic expression in BMP-induced osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 2001;83:S105–S115.
  • Takahashi Y, BS TY, Edition P. Effect of the fiber diameter and porosity of non-woven PET fabrics on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition. 2004;15:41–57.
  • Yannas I, Lee E, Orgill DP, et al. Synthesis and characterization of a model extracellular matrix that induces partial regeneration of adult mammalian skin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1989;86:933–937.
  • Cho S-W, Kim I-K, Lim SH, et al. Smooth muscle-like tissues engineered with bone marrow stromal cells. Biomaterials. 2004;25:2979–2986.
  • Murphy CM, Haugh MG, O’Brien FJ. The effect of mean pore size on cell attachment, proliferation and migration in collagen–glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 2010 2010 Jan 01;31:461–466.
  • Conde CM, Demarco FF, Casagrande L, et al. Influence of poly-L-lactic acid scaffold’s pore size on the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Brazilian Dental Journal. 2015;26:93–98.
  • Geiger F, Rüdiger D, Zahler S, et al. Fiber stiffness, pore size and adhesion control migratory phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells in collagen gels. PloS one. 2019;14:e0225215.
  • Kleivaitė V, RJArj M. Electrospinning-100 years of investigations and still open questions of web structure estimination. AUTEX Research Journal. 2018;18:398–404.
  • Anton F. Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. Google Patents; 1934.
  • Li D, YJAm X. Electrospinning of nanofibers: reinventing the wheel?. Advanced Materials. 2004;16:1151–1170.
  • Liang D, Hsiao BS, BJAddr C. Functional electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for biomedical applications. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 2007;59:1392–1412.
  • Nisbet DR, Forsythe JS, Shen W, et al. A review of the cellular response on electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering. Journal of Biomaterials Applications. 2009;24:7–29.
  • Agarwal S, Wendorff JH, Greiner AJP. Use of electrospinning technique for biomedical applications. Polymer. 2008;49:5603–5621.
  • IJCm Y. Tissue regeneration by use of collagen-glycosaminoglycan copolymers. Clinical Materials. 1992;9:179–187.
  • Girard YK, Wang C, Ravi S, et al. A 3D fibrous scaffold inducing tumoroids: a platform for anticancer drug development. PloS one. 2013;8:e75345.
  • Foroni L, Vasuri F, Valente S, et al. The role of 3D microenvironmental organization in MCF-7 epithelial–mesenchymal transition after 7 culture days. Exp Cell Res. 2013;319:1515–1522. 2013 Jun 10.
  • Vashisth P, Sharma M, Nikhil K, et al. Antiproliferative activity of ferulic acid-encapsulated electrospun PLGA/PEO nanofibers against MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. 3 Biotech. 2015;5:303–315. 2015 Jun 01.
  • Sahoo SK, Panda AK, Labhasetwar V. Characterization of porous PLGA/PLA microparticles as a scaffold for three dimensional growth of breast cancer cells. Biomacromolecules. 2005 2005 Mar 01;6:1132–1139.
  • Wang Y, Qian J, Liu T, et al. Electrospun PBLG/PLA nanofiber membrane for constructing in vitro 3D model of melanoma. Mater Sci Eng C. 2017;76:313–318. 2017 Jul 01.
  • Russo V, Tammaro L, Di Marcantonio L, et al. Amniotic epithelial stem cell biocompatibility for electrospun poly (lactide-co-glycolide), poly (ε-caprolactone), poly (lactic acid) scaffolds. Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications. 2016;69:321–329.
  • Almajhdi FN, Fouad H, Khalil KA, et al. In-vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities of PLGA/silver nanofiber composites prepared by electrospinning. J Mater Sci. 2014;25:1045–1053. 2014 Apr 01.
  • Aboutalebi Anaraki N, Roshanfekr Rad L, Irani M, et al. Fabrication of PLA/PEG/MWCNT electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for anticancer drug delivery. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2015;132.
  • Sampath M, Lakra R, Korrapati P, et al. Curcumin loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanofiber for the treatment of carcinoma. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2014;117:128–134. 2014 May 01.
  • Ye C, Zhao J, Zheng Y, et al. Preparation of poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐based composite microfibers for postoperative treatment of tumor in NIR I and NIR II biowindows. Macromolecular Biosciences. 2018;18:1800206.
  • Prieto E, Mojares E, Cortez J, et al. Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for the propagation and analysis of breast cancer stem cells in vitro. Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England). 2021;16:035004.
  • Rabionet M, Yeste M, Puig T, et al. Electrospinning PCL scaffolds manufacture for three-dimensional breast cancer cell culture. Polymers. 2017;9:328.
  • Saha S, Duan X, Wu L, et al. Electrospun fibrous scaffolds promote breast cancer cell alignment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Langmuir. 2012;28:2028–2034. PubMed PMID: 22182057; eng.
  • Obayemi JD, Danyuo Y, Dozie-Nwachukwu S, et al. PLGA-based microparticles loaded with bacterial-synthesized prodigiosin for anticancer drug release: effects of particle size on drug release kinetics and cell viability. Mater Sci Eng C. 2016;66:51–65. 2016 Sep 01.
  • Jusu SM, Obayemi JD, Salifu AA, et al. Drug-encapsulated blend of PLGA-PEG microspheres: in vitro and in vivo study of the effects of localized/targeted drug delivery on the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Sci Rep. 2020;10:14188. PubMed PMID: 32843673; eng.
  • Kim T-E, Kim CG, Kim JS, et al. Three-dimensional culture and interaction of cancer cells and dendritic cells in an electrospun nano-submicron hybrid fibrous scaffold. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2016;11:823.
  • Xie X, Zheng X, Han Z, et al. A biodegradable stent with surface functionalization of combined‐therapy drugs for colorectal cancer. Advanced Healthcare Materials . 2018;7:1801213.
  • Domura R, Sasaki R, Okamoto M, et al. Comprehensive study on cellular morphologies, proliferation, motility, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells incubated on electrospun polymeric fiber substrates. Journal of Materials Chemistry. B. 2017;5:2588–2600.
  • Permlid AM, Roci P, Fredlund E, et al. Unique animal friendly 3D culturing of human cancer and normal cells. Toxicology in Vitro . 2019;60:51–60.
  • Sonbol HS. Extracellular matrix remodeling in human disease. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2018Jul-Sep; 6: 123–128 PubMed PMID: 30221137; eng
  • Belgodere JA, King CT, Bursavich JB, et al. Engineering breast cancer microenvironments and 3D bioprinting [Review]. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 2018; 6: English 2018 May 24 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00066.
  • Rubashkin MG, Ou G, Vmjb W. Deconstructing signaling in three dimensions. Biochemistry. 2014;53:2078–2090.
  • Caswell PT, Zech T. Actin-based cell protrusion in a 3D matrix. Trends Cell Biol. 2018Oct; 28: 823–834 PubMed PMID: 29970282; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6158345. eng
  • Ruprecht V, Monzo P, Ravasio A, et al. How cells respond to environmental cues - insights from bio-functionalized substrates. J Cell Sci. 2017 Jan 1;130:51–61. PubMed PMID: 27856508; eng.
  • Hirt C, Papadimitropoulos A, Muraro MG, et al. Bioreactor-engineered cancer tissue-like structures mimic phenotypes, gene expression profiles and drug resistance patterns observed “in vivo”. Biomaterials. 2015 Sep;62:138–146. PubMed PMID: 26051518; eng
  • Micalet A, Moeendarbary E, Ujabs C, et al. 3D in vitro models for investigating the role of stiffness in cancer invasion. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. 2021. 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01530.
  • Haeger A, Krause M, Wolf K, et al. Cell jamming: collective invasion of mesenchymal tumor cells imposed by tissue confinement. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 2014;1840:2386–2395.
  • Qazi TH, Mooney DJ, Duda GN, et al. Biomaterials that promote cell-cell interactions enhance the paracrine function of MSCs. Biomaterials. 2017;140:103–114.
  • Boyden S. THE CHEMOTACTIC EFFECT OF MIXTURES OF ANTIBODY AND ANTIGEN ON POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES. J Exp Med. 1962;115:453–466.
  • Kleinman HK, McGarvey ML, Liotta LA, et al. Isolation and characterization of type IV procollagen, laminin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan from the EHS sarcoma. Biochemistry. 1982;21:6188–6193.
  • Barcellos-Hoff M, Aggeler J, Ram T, et al. Functional differentiation and alveolar morphogenesis of primary mammary cultures on reconstituted basement membrane. Development (Cambridge, England). 1989;105:223–235.
  • Le Berre M, Aubertin J, Piel M. Fine control of nuclear confinement identifies a threshold deformation leading to lamina rupture and induction of specific genes. Integr Biol. 2012;4:1406–1414.
  • Liu YJ, Le Berre M, Lautenschlaeger F, et al. Confinement and low adhesion induce fast amoeboid migration of slow mesenchymal cells. Cell. 2015 Feb 12;160:659–672. PubMed PMID: 25679760; eng.
  • Davidson PM, Denais C, Bakshi MC, et al. Nuclear deformability constitutes a rate-limiting step during cell migration in 3-D environments. Cell Mol Bioeng. 2014 Sep 1;7:293–306. PubMed PMID: 25436017; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4243304. eng.
  • Holle AW, Govindan Kutty Devi N, Clar K, et al. Cancer cells invade confined microchannels via a self-directed mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition. Nano Lett. 2019; 19, 2280–2290. 2019 Apr PubMed PMID: 30775927; eng
  • Nath B, Raza A, Sethi V, et al. Understanding flow dynamics, viability and metastatic potency of cervical cancer (HeLa) cells through constricted microchannel. Sci Rep. 2018;8:17357. 2018 Nov 26.
  • Wolf K, Alexander S, Schacht V, et al. Collagen-based cell migration models in vitro and in vivo. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2009;20:931–941. 2009 Oct 01.
  • Qian W, Zhang Y, Chen W. Capturing cancer: emerging microfluidic technologies for the capture and characterization of circulating tumor cells. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 2015;11:3850–3872.
  • Chen MB, Whisler JA, Fröse J, et al. On-chip human microvasculature assay for visualization and quantification of tumor cell extravasation dynamics. Nat Protoc. 2017 May;12:865–880. PubMed PMID: 28358393; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5509465. eng
  • Coughlin MF, Kamm RD. The use of microfluidic platforms to probe the mechanism of cancer cell extravasation Advanced Healthcare Materials . 2020;9:1901410.
  • Naderi S, Khayat Zadeh J, Mahdavi Shahri N, et al. Three-dimensional scaffold from decellularized human gingiva for cell cultures: glycoconjugates and cell behavior. Cell J. 2013; Summer 15: 166–175. PubMed PMID: 23862119; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3712778. eng
  • Leiva MC, Garre E, Gustafsson A, et al. Breast cancer patient-derived scaffolds as a tool to monitor chemotherapy responses in human tumor microenvironments. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2021;236:4709–4724.
  • Rijal G, Li W. A versatile 3D tissue matrix scaffold system for tumor modeling and drug screening. Sci Adv. 2017Sep; 3: e1700764 PubMed PMID: 28924608; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5597314. eng
  • Ehrmann RL, Gey GO. The growth of cells on a transparent gel of reconstituted rat-tail collagen2. Jnci. 1956;16:1375–1403.
  • Raub CB, Unruh J, Suresh V, et al. Image correlation spectroscopy of multiphoton images correlates with collagen mechanical properties. Biophys J. 2008;94:2361–2373. 2008 Mar 15.
  • Raub CB, Suresh V, Krasieva T, et al. Noninvasive assessment of collagen gel microstructure and mechanics using multiphoton microscopy. Biophys J. 2007;92:2212–2222. 2007 Mar 15.
  • Gobeaux F, Mosser G, Anglo A, et al. Fibrillogenesis in dense collagen solutions: a physicochemical study. J Mol Biol. 2008;376:1509–1522. 2008 Mar 07.
  • Pinner S, Sahai E. Imaging amoeboid cancer cell motility in vivo. J Microsc. 2008Sep; 231: 441–445 PubMed PMID: 18754999; eng
  • Laronda M, Rutz A, Xiao S, et al. A bioprosthetic ovary created using 3D printed microporous scaffolds restores ovarian function in sterilized mice. Nat Commun. 2017;8:15261.
  • Lewis DM, Tang V, Jain N, et al. Collagen fiber architecture regulates hypoxic sarcoma cell migration. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. 2018;4:400–409.